scholarly journals TEPUNG DAUN SINGKONG (Monihot utilissima) TUA SEBAGAI SUMBER PROTEIN ALTERNATIF DALAM FORMULA PAKAN IKAN LELE (Clarias gariepinus)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Syahrizal Syahrizal ◽  
Muarofah Ghofur ◽  
. Safratilofa ◽  
Rahmat Sam
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Protein Substitute ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Alternative Protein

AbstractThe feed as a source of energy for the growth of fish is a component of the most important costs 40-89% and the quality should be good. The solution is through research. Research in the form of meal cassava leaves (Monihot utilissima) parents as a source of alternative protein substitute for fish meal in feed formulation catfish (Clarias gariepinus). The design used Complete Random Design with 4 treatments and 3 repetitions. The results showed that for the growth and the survival between treatments were not significant (P <0.5), meaning that all treatments were no differences can be categorized and feed ingredients of flour cassava leaves can replace most of the presence of meal fish  in fish feed formulas African catfish. Growth of the best catfish are on treatment A (55% meal cassava leaf: 00% fish meal) with daily growth of 8.27 grams was 2.61% and the B (40%% meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish) 5.28 gram with daily growth is 1.86%, followed by C (15%%  meal cassava leaves: 15% meal fish ) 1:51% and D (0% meal cassava leaves : 55% meal fish ) 1:33%. Catfish survival rate was not significant (P <0.5), and relatively equally well A (96.17%), B (94.77) and C (95.92) and the best in treatment for D (96.37 ). As users are advised to wear formulations in treatment B (40% meal fish and 15%  meal cassava leaves old). Keywords: Catfish, Ffeed, Meal fish, Meal cassava leaves AbstrakPakan sebagai sumber energi bagi pertumbuhan ikan  merupakan komponen biaya yang paling besar 40-89%  dan kualitasnya harus baik. Solusinya melalui penelitian. Penelitian berupa tepung daun  singkong (Monihot utilissima) tua sebagai sumber protein alternatif penganti tepung ikan dalam formulasi pakan ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus). Rancangan digunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa untuk pertumbuhan dan kelulusan hidup antar perlakuan tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), artinya semua perlakuan  tidak ada perbedaan dan dapat dikatagorikan bahan pakan dari tepung daun singkong dapat mengantikan sebagian keberadaan tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ikan lele dumbo. Pertumbuhan ikan lele terbaik terdapat pada perlakuan A (55% tepung daun singkong : 00% tepung ikan) 8,27 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 2.61% dan  pada B (40%  % tepung daun singkong : 15% tepung ikan) 5,28 gram dengan pertumbuhan harian adalah 1.86%, diikuti C (15% % tepung daun singkong :15% tepung ikan) 1.51% dan D (0 % tepung daun singkong : 55% tepung ikan) 1.33%. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan lele tidak signifikan (P < 0,5), dan  relatif sama baiknya A (96,17%), B (94,77) dan C (95,92) dan terbaik pada perlakuan untuk D (96,37). Sebagai pengguna disarankan memakai formulasi pada perlakuan B (40% Tepung ikan dan 15% tepung daun singkong tua). Kata kunci: Ikan lele, Pakan, Tepung ikan, Tepung  Daun Singkong Tua

scholarly journals Housefly Maggot Meal as a Potent Bioresource for Fish Feed to Facilitate Early Gonadal Development in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell,1822)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 921
Author(s):  
Johnny O. Ogunji ◽  
Stanley C. Iheanacho ◽  
Christopher C. Mgbabu ◽  
Nuria C. Amaechi ◽  
Onyedikachi O. C. Evulobi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Global Increase

Food security is threatened by the global increase of human population, climate change, inequality of wealth distribution, the state of natural resources, peace and sustainability, among others. Aquaculture has become an important part of the food supply, hence contributing to food security. Sustainable fish production, which represents an important affordable protein supply, should therefore involve feed formulation and production techniques that are not dependent on fish meal as the protein source. It is on this basis that bioeconomy becomes very important to promote the resourceful use of biomass for feed, food, biomaterials, and bioenergy. This study presents housefly maggot meal as an efficient alternative protein source to fishmeal and a valuable bioresource. Clarias gariepinus fingerlings (male and female) were fed maggot meal supplemented diets for 24 weeks and we assessed their growth and gonadal development. The findings of this study revealed that maggot-meal-enhanced diets promoted growth and faster gonadal development in fish. Maggot meal represents a quality alternative protein source to fish meal and an excellent bioresource, which can help us attain sustainable aquaculture production.

Response of the african catfish Clarias gariepinus, Burchell 1822 to diets of comercially and locally formulated fish feed in relation to cost benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
J.R. Solomon ◽  
I.A. Abawale
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Soya Bean ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Bean Meal ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

The growth performance of catfish Clarias gariepinus using imported feeds and locally made feeds of the same crude protein were compared. C. gariepinus (mean weight 12.8g) juvenile were reared in cages for a period of 12 weeks on different feed. Two imported feeds (skretting and copens) were purchased and two local feeds (corresponding to treatment) were compounded to contain the same level of crude protein. Locally ingredients used are maize, fish meal, groundnut cake, soya bean meal, bone meal, lysine, methionine, premix, vegetable oil, salt but varying fish meal and soya bean meal as follows, treatment 1- (11.38% to 7.5%), treatment 2-(7.5% to 11.38%) respectively. The pelleted feeds were fed at the rate of 5% of the fish biomass. The growth response was assessed in terms of daily weight gain, relative weight gain, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, mortality and survival rate. The results showed that the two local feeds promoted positive growth, implying that the use of different levels fish meal and soya bean meal (11.38% and 7.5%) favoured culture of juvenile C. gariepinus.Key Words, Clarias gariepinus, diet, fish feed, formulation, growth

scholarly journals A replacement of plant protein sources as an alternative of fish meal ingredient for African catfish, Clarias gariepinus: A review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-59
Author(s):  
Zulhisyam Abdul Kari ◽  
Muhammad Anamul Kabir ◽  
Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab ◽  
Mohammad Bodrul Munir ◽  
Po Teen Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fish Meal ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Plant Protein ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Protein Sources ◽  
Alternative Ingredients ◽  
Plant Protein Sources ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Rearing Condition

Aquaculture is one of the fastest growing industries in the world. This industry supplies half of thefisheries products consumed annually, and future global demand can only be supplied by increasingaquaculture production, which, in turn, requires more aquafeed. Alternative ingredients must beincreasingly used to supply significant proportions of protein and energy in aquafeeds, creatingboth challenges and opportunities for researchers and industry. Nowadays, there are too manyresearches on fish disease, growth and health but less in a fish feed especially a replacement ofprotein from plant sources in the fish feed. One of the alternative ways to optimise the growth andhealth condition of the fish is provide them a good protein from plant as a replacement in fish mealwith the natural source protein instead of giving a good rearing condition and caring of the fish.The present article was constructed to highlight a replacement of plant protein sources as analternative of fish meal for fish feed in African catfish, Clarias gariepinus that has been done byresearchers. However, the application of replacement from plant protein sources in fish meal is nowgradually gaining importance in commercial aquaculture practices and opened the door for theresearchers to expend of this application, thus more detailed studies on molecular basis should belooked as to get the quality and enough nutrient fish feed for good production of aquacultureindustry.

scholarly journals Effect of Supplementing Fish Diet with Grasshopper Meal On Growth Parameters of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Amos Ndarubu Tsado ◽  
Rosemary Nnenna Okoli ◽  
Abel Gboke Jiya ◽  
David Gana ◽  
Rakiya Zubairu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
High Price ◽  
Fish Nutrition ◽  
Control Group ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Length Gain

Background: The major problem facing fish feed manufacturers and fish nutrition is the increasing competition for the same feeding stuff between man and the fish feed industry due to their conventional status. This has brought about the high price and scarcity of such feedstuffs. This research is aimed at evaluating the potentials of using graded levels of grasshopper as protein sources in the diet of African catfish. Methods: Four feeding trial were set up with percentage inclusions of the grasshopper meal of 0% [diet] 1, 5% [Diet II], 10% [Diet III] and 15% [Diet IV]. The feed was given to the fish for 8 weeks. Fish survival rates, weekly weight gain, and length gain were recorded. Results: The results revealed that the. The survival rate of fish was over 90% for all experimental diets and it was significantly improved in the fish fed on 10% & 5% of grasshoppers (95.97% & 97.5%, respectively) when compared with the control group (91.04%). Percentage weight gain of the control group was significantly lower (803.00 %) compared to fish fed on 5% of grasshoppers (1092.00%). The highest fish length gain was also recorded fish fed on 5% of grasshopper (8.65 cm) while the least length gains (5.43 cm) was recorded for the control group in relation to all other fish groups which have received grasshopper at all inclusion levels. Conclusion: It is concluded that grasshopper inclusion in diet has the potential to enhance the survival rate and modulate growth parameters in Clarias gariepinus. Therefore, Grasshopper can be used as a feed additive in aquaculture to improve fish growth and production.

Optimization of ultraviolet irradiation of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) eggs for androgen production

Zygote ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Victor Tosin Okomoda ◽  
Haziqah Jumahat Nursyaza ◽  
Ijabo Oga Samuel ◽  
Anuar Hassan ◽  
Abraham Sunday Oladimeji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Chromosome Counting ◽  
Complete Inactivation ◽  
Cell Cleavage ◽  
Optimal Protocol ◽  
Prolonged Duration

Summary The optimum distance and duration of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation for the complete inactivation of African catfish Clarias gariepinus egg nucleus was investigated in this study. The UV light was suspended above the unfertilized eggs at four distances (5, 10, 20 and 30 cm) and for five durations (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min). Then, the irradiated eggs were activated with sperm from diploid C. gariepinus and cold shocked at 5°C for 5 min just moments before cell cleavage. Ploidy analysis was performed using karyotype chromosome counting. The results obtained suggested that the further the distance, the better the hatchability rate, however prolonged duration seemed to significantly reduced hatchability. All treatments with surviving progenies at the end of the study showed evidence of successfully diploid gynogen (2n = 56) induction at different percentages. However, the optimal protocol that gave a moderately high hatchability/survival rate and completely induced gynogens was exposure of the eggs to UV irradiation at 20 cm for 1 min. It was concluded that the distance and duration of UV irradiation affects gynogenetic induction in African catfish C. gariepinus.

Effect of fish meal substitution with fermented soy pulp on growth performance, digestive enzyme, amino acid profile, and immune-related gene expression of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Aquaculture ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 546 ◽  
pp. 737418
Author(s):  
Zulhisyam Abdul Kari ◽  
Muhammad Anamul Kabir ◽  
Mahmoud A.O. Dawood ◽  
Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul Razab ◽  
Nik Shahman Nik Ahmad Ariff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Amino Acid Profile ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Related Gene ◽  
Immune Related Gene

scholarly journals Growth Performance and Survival of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Fingerlings Fed Sweet Potato Leaf Meal (SPLM) as Partial Replacement for Soya Beam Meal (SBM)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
A Ogaga ◽  
A Ebiobowei ◽  
I O Elijah
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Leaf Meal ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Length Increase ◽  
Different Levels

This study was designed to assess the suitability of using sweet potato leaf meal (SPLM) as a substitute for the complete or partial replacement of soya beans as protein source in fish feed formulation. One hundred and sixty Clarias gariepinus fingerlings were fed different levels of experimental diets containing 40% crudeprotein. Sweet potato leaf mealwas used at different levels of10% (Diet/Treatment 2 i.e. T2), 20% (T3) and 30% (T4), while 0% served as control (T1). Fingerlings were fed diet at 5% of their body weight for 42days. This study determined the growth, survival and the best inclusion rate of SPLM in the diet which was conducted in a plastic tank. All experimental diet were accepted by the Clarias gariepinus fingerlings without impairing growth. The highest mean weight gain (2.5+ 0.09g) was obtained in fish fed with 10% SPLM inclusion (T2), while the least (1.8+ 0.09g) was recorded in T4 i.e. 30% inclusion. Similar trend was obtained for length increase, protein efficiency and percentage survival. All fish were good in condition except those offered diet T4. The best SPLM inclusion level of the study was obtained in T2.

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