scholarly journals ON DIROFILARIA (RAILLIET ET HENRY, 1911) INFECTION OD BLOOD-SUCKING MOSQUITOES IN TOMSK REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
N.V. Poltoratskaya ◽  
◽  
T.M. Pankina ◽  
V.A. Burlak ◽  
V.S. Fedorova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Tomsk Region

A study of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), potential vectors of dirofilariae, in Tomsk region during the period from 2017 to 2020 was carried out. 27 species of mosquitoes belonging to 5 genera (Aedes, Coquilettidia, Culiseta, Culex, Anopheles) were identified. Positive findings were noted in 9 species: Ae. rossicus, Ae. behningi, Ae. cantans, Ae. communis, Ae. diantaeus, Ae. euedes, Ae. excrucians, Ae. punctor and Coq. richiardii. Total infection of mosquitoes of subfamily Culicinae was 1.5±0.2%, D. immitis - 0.06±0.05%, D. repens - 1.4±0.2%. More than 80% of the infected females belonged to the eudominant or dominant species and were found mainly in the forest park zones of Tomsk. Keywords: blood-sucking mosquitos, Culicidae, intermediate hosts, Dirophilariasis, microfilaria, extensiveness of the invasion

scholarly journals Flea Communities on Small Mammals in Lowland Environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Baláž ◽  
Martina Zigová
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Small Mammal ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Small Mammal Species

AbstractThe landscape of south-western Slovakia is characterised by anthropogenous reshaping, while fragments of undisturbed, waterlogged habitats have been preserved in what remains of the meandering ancient Žitava River. These refuges are inhabited by various small mammal species and their blood-sucking ectoparasites. Between 2014 and 2018, research on them was carried out in Slovakia’s Danubian Lowland (Podunajská nížina) during three out of the four seasons (spring, summer and autumn). The small mammals were captured at 27 localities. The occurrence of nine flee species from the Hystrichopsyllidae, Ctenophthalmidae and Ceratophyllidae families was documented on 12 small burrowing mammals. During the course of all the seasons in which research was conducted, Ctenophthalmus agyrtes, C. assimilis, Megabothris turbidus a Nosopsyllus fasciatus were found, among the most dominant species to be seen on small burrowing mammals.

Variation of SPAD values in uneven-aged leaves of different dominant species in Castanopsis carlessi forest in Lingshishan National Forest Park

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-zi Wang ◽  
Wei Hong ◽  
Cheng-zhen Wu ◽  
Han Lin ◽  
Hai-lan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Forest Park

scholarly journals Birds diversity and faunogenetic structure of avifauna in forests parks of two megalopolises (Ukraine)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-72
Author(s):  
T. Shupova ◽  
◽  
A. Chaplygina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rare Species ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Ecological Groups ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
European Forest ◽  
Forest Parks

Background. In the 21st century, landscape transformation processes are underway in large cities, which affects the stability of wildlife habitats. Habitat transformations often reduce species richness due to a decrease in the population sizes of some species, and therefore, small in number and rare species are eliminated from bird communities. Rare species can have unique consortive relationships, which makes them particularly important for the long-term ecosystem functioning. A study of the avifauna of forest parks makes it possible to develop an algorithm for the coexistence of human and birds. Methods. The number and distribution of birds were determined by route counting. The total length of the fixed route was 5.7 km in Kyiv and 3.5 km in Kharkiv. On each route, observations were carried out annually with three repetitions during the nesting period when the birds are most attached to their habitats (end of April–May–June). The average data for the total study period (2013–2017) were calculated for each city. For the average number, the standard deviation was calculated. An analysis of the faunogenetic structure of avifauna was carried out according to the method developed by V.P. Belik. A faunogenetic complex is a group of animal species associated by a common origin with ecosystems of a certain landscape-geographical zone. We also classified bird species into ecological groups according to the patterns of microhabitat choice. To compare the α-diversity of bird in the forest-park zones of cities, a number of commonly accepted indices that express the correlation between the number and density of species were calculated: 1) Berger–Parker dominance index: DBP = Nimax / N; 2) Shannon diversity index: H´ = -∑(Pi × LnPi); 3) Pielou evenness index: E = H´ / LnS; where: Nі– the number of each species; Nimax – the maximum value of Nі; N = ∑Ni – the total number of all species (pairs/km); Pi = Ni / N – the ratio of each species; S – total number of the species. Results. The study presents a comparative analysis of diversity and faunogenetic structure of avifauna in the forest park zones of Kyiv and Kharkiv, inhabited by 71 breeding species of birds that belong to 10 orders. In the eastern region, the proportion of birds of the boreal and the European forest-steppe complex decreases, but the share of the desert-mountain complex increases. The fauna of the European nemoral complex dominates (32.8 % in Kyiv and 40.4 % in Kharkiv). The basis of the communities are dendrophils: 83.6 % (n = 67) in Kyiv and 82.7 % (n = 52) in Kharkiv. The dominant species in all forest parks are the great tit (Parus major) and chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs). Conclusions. The differences in the faunogenetic structure of bird communities are due to the proximity of model forest parks on the territory of Kyiv to the forest natural geographical zone, and on the territory of Kharkiv to the steppe, which leads in the eastern region to a decrease in the proportion of birds of the boreal and the European forest-steppe complex while the proportion of desert-mountain complex increases. Dendrophils predominate significantly, and the share of sclerophils and limnophils in total is less than 20 % of the bird community in the forest parks of each city. As a consequence of the fragmentation of the Kiev forest park zone, the diversity of nesting birds communities in the forest-park zone of Kyiv is slightly lower than of Kharkiv, and the pressure of the dominant species is more significant.

scholarly journals Identifikasi Jenis Liana Dan Tumbuhan Penopangnya Di Blok Perlindungan Taman Hutan Raya Wan Abdul Rachman

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Tiopan Tua Halomoan Simamora ◽  
Indriyanto . ◽  
Afif Bintoro
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Typical Characteristic ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Forest Park

Liana is one type of plant that becomes typical characteristic of a tropical rain forest ecosystem and its presence adds to the diversity of plant species in the forest ecosystem.  The purposes of the study were to identify the species of liana, species of cantilever plant, and to know the number of liana species associated with the species of cantilever plant in the protection block of Wan Abdul Rachman Great Forest Park, especially in the area of Way Balau Sub watershed.  The research was conducted on September to Oktober 2013.  The sampling method was used line terraced layer.  The size of each sample plot was 20 m x 20 m with sub plots 10 m x 10 m, 5 m x 5 m, 2 m x 2 m.  Liana and cantilever plants species were inventoried by 0.2% sampling intensity from 796.50 ha.  Observed variables were the species and the number of lianas, spesies of cantilever plant and its number.  The result of research were identified 8 species of liana and 35 spesies of cantilever plants.  Liana density was 1.599 individual/ha and cantilever plant density was 1.594 individual/ha, and it had a good enough distribution because there was no dominant species. The plant that most liked by liana is dadap (Erythrina lithosperma) and liana that mostly found is rayutan (Paederia tomentosa). Keyword:  cantilever plant, liana, Protection Block of Wan Abdul Rachman GreatForest Park

scholarly journals Keragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Obat Di Hutan Pendidikan Universitas Sumatera Utara Kawasan Taman Hutan Raya Tongkoh Kabupaten Karo Sumatera Utara

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Eva Friska Br Sembiring ◽  
Indriyanto . ◽  
Duryat .
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Species ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Site Factor ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Block Area ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Pinus Merkusii ◽  
Inventory Method ◽  
Research Show

Tongkoh Great Forest Park has an excellent site factor  for various types of medicine plants.  The research about the medicine plants spesies diversity in Tongkoh Great Forest Park was needed because there was the lack of  information about the types of medicine plants in the area. The purpose of the study was to determine the diversity of species and it’s abundance, in the area of  utilization block area Tongkoh Great Forest Park, Karo District, North Sumatra Province. This research was conducted on August 2014 in the utilization area of Tongkoh Great Forest Park, Karo District, North Sumatra Province by inventory method was employed using the terraced lines method that arranged systematically and started with purposive sampling, based on the presence of medicine plants that had known by local communities in around area.  The distance between the pioneer lines were 200 m and the distance between the plots and the path lines were 100 m.  The results of the research show that there are 25 species of  medicine plants which are divided into 21 families. The most dominant species was pegagan (Centella asiatica) with density  about  9,500  individu/hectare  and frequency at 0.26 and tree species which have the highest relative density was pine (Pinus merkusii) with  frequency was 0.2 and the density was 60 individu/hectare.  Keywords: medicinal plants, diversity

The faunistic structure of beetles (Insecta: Coleoptera) in herpetobios of urbocenosis of Kharkiv city (Ukraine)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Komaromi ◽  
N. Yu. Nikolenko ◽  
A. V. Puchkov
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Urban Ecosystems ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Random Components ◽  
First Time ◽  
The City

A total of 320 species from 42 families were registered in the herpetobios (stratobiont and epigeobiont beetles) of the urbocenosis of Kharkiv. Among these more than 160 species are recorded for the first time for this metropolis. Four species of ground beetles (Notiophilus germinyi Fauvel, Clivina fossor L., Laemostenus terricola Herbst and Masoreus wetterhali Gyll.) were not listed for Ukraine in the Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera. The species Omosita japonica Reitter, 1874 (Nitidulidae) is new for Ukranian fauna. Moreover, 93 species from 17 families are the dominant species (at least in one of the urban ecosystems). Among these, eudominants are represented with almost 20 species, but the number of eudomonants did not exceed ten species in separate urban cenoses. Carabidae (80), Staphylinidae (36), Curculionidae (32) and Tenebrionidae (8 species) dominate both, in species composition and abundance. The total part of these groups reached at least 90% of Coleoptera, recorded in urban-cenosis. Separate species of Silphidae, Dermestidae, Elateridae, Chrysomelidae, Leiodidae, Coccinellidae, Nitidulidae, Scarabaeidae, Histeridae and Lucanidae were sporadically usual in most plots. They accounted almost 9% of the total quantity of all beetles in transformed cenoses. Among these, a greater number of species are found within the families of Scarabaeidae (33), Chrysomelidae (16), Elateridae (14), Histeridae (12), Coccinellidae (11) and Nitidulidae (11), Silphidae (6) and Dermestidae (6). The rest of the families are represented with 1–4 species. All beetles registered in herpetobios belong to three groups. Typical inhabitants of herpetobios prevailed (about 200 species from 22 families, at least 90% of all Coleoptera). The proportion of species sporadically associated with herpetobios (more than 40 species from 10 families) was about 5% of all beetles. Random components of herpetobios are represented by more than 70 species from 10 families, and their total share did not exceed 3% of all Coleoptera. A preliminary taxonomic review of coleopterofauna was carried out in different urbocenoses. The number of species in urbocenosises ranged from 101 (Forest Park) to 124 (urban parks). In other green plantings of the city, the species diversity reached 105–118 species. The number of dominant beetles in different areas ranged from 37 to 60 species.

scholarly journals NITROXYNIL UNCOUPLES OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN THE CELL MITOCHONDRIA AND A DRUG WHEREVER INJECTABLES ARE PREFERRED OVER DRENCHES

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
A. Kabir ◽  
S. Ahmed ◽  
M. K. Islam ◽  
M. S. Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Stable Solution ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Fluke Infection ◽  
The One

In the absence of effective vaccines and because of practical limitations in management options to control the snail intermediate hosts, the control of liver fluke infection and disease in livestock relies heavily on the use of flukicidal anthelmintics. Nitroxynil is a nitrate derivative from benzene compounds and presents a flukicide effect and is commonly used as the one with best spectrum from all the nitrate derivative trematocides. The drug is in fact, a low spectrum anthelmintic effective against fascioliasis, an important parasitic disease caused by flukes like Fasciola hepatica, Fasciola gigantica, affecting significantly the ruminant production by means of reducing the growth, conversion rate, milk production, quality and quantity of meat and reproduction. Nitroxynil also does hold efficacy against few roundworms mainly blood-sucking species as well as certain myiasis. It is not effective against most of the tape worms or external parasites. It is chemically constitute of yellow benzene crystals, slightly soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents, almost odorless and is characterized for being a stable solution, but it precipitates in presence of calcium and other salts. It is marketed as bright orange-red injectable solution due that by this route is six times more efficient than by oral route. Nitroxynil is a safe drug and it can be used at any stage of pregnancy. It does not affect fertility, gestation or fetus formation and in no way impede the reproductive performance of stallions. It’s presented as two salts, nitroxynil megaglumine and nitroxynil eglumine. The nitroxynil in salt is hydrosoluble having neutral pH and is exclusively administered to animals by subcutaneous route. The flukicide resistance phenomenon is already present in many countries in the same way that resistance against other anthelmintic drugs is spreading around worldwide. Because of the absence of new drugs against fluke infections, it is necessary to prove and compare the efficacy of the anthelmintics to prevent resistance development. In view of that we endeavored elucidating the latest progress of one such widely used flukicide nitroxynil.

scholarly journals Results of Epizootiological Monitoring of Small Mammals Habitant in Crimea Over the Period of 2015–2017

2018 ◽  
pp. 57-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S. Kovalenko ◽  
L. S. Zinich ◽  
S. N. Yakunin ◽  
O. A. Poluektova ◽  
O. Yu. Ramenskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Small Mammals ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Hantavirus Infection ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Natural Focus ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Natural Foci

Objective of this work is to analyze the spatial distribution of various species of small mammals, caught between 2015 and 2017, and to identify the dominant species in different landscape areas, as well as their role in functioning of natural foci of zoonotic infections (tularemia, leptospirosis, tick-borne encephalitis, Lyme disease, Crimean hemorrhagic fever, hantavirus infection) in the territory of Crimea. Materials and methods. Small mammals were caught during the period of 2015–2017 and investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and direct hemagglutination reaction. Results and conclusions. The dominant species of small mammals, containing the causative agents of some or other natural-focal infection are ubiquitous species, i.e. disseminated across the territory of the whole peninsula. In the presence of concomitant favorable conditions, they may contribute to the expansion of the natural foci of these infections. Positive tests for Lyme disease detected not only in small mammals caught in mountain-forest areas, but in steppe zone too may testify to the fact that the border of the natural focus of this infection is expanded. To clarify the boundaries of the natural foci of infections circulating in the territory of Crimea, it is necessary to conduct comprehensive analysis of distribution of small mammals, blood-sucking ectoparasites, and also epidemic manifestations in different natural areas of Crimea.

scholarly journals Ectoparasites Ctenocephalides (Siphonaptera, Pulicidae) in the Composition of Mixed Infestations in Domestic Dogs from Poltava, Ukraine

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
V. Yevstafieva ◽  
K. Horb ◽  
V. Melnychuk ◽  
T. Bakhur ◽  
D. Feshchenko
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Toxocara Canis ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Parasitic Species ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum ◽  
Blood Sucking ◽  
Invasive Diseases ◽  
Domestic Carnivores ◽  
Trichuris Vulpis

AbstractOne of the most common ectoparasites on domestic carnivores are fleas from the genus Ctenocephalides. This group of blood sucking insects are one of the most important in medical and veterinary terms, as they can serve as carriers of dangerous infectious and may cause other invasive diseases. Research studies have established a variety of fleas and other contagions parasitizing domestic dogs in Poltava, Ukraine. Certain peculiarities of these ectoparasitic studies, as a part of mixed infestations of dogs, have recently been determined. The results of the studies have shown that the species composition of the fleas was represented by two main species. The dominant species was Ct. felis, and their prevalence was 36.05 %. Another species (Ct. canis) was diagnosed less often and had a prevalence of 27.94 %. It was found that in 31.18 % of the dogs, the blood-sucking insects were mostly parasitizing in the form of an associations with: nematoda (Toxocara canis, Trichuris vulpis, Uncinaria stenocephala), Cestoda (Dipylidium caninum), protozoa (Cystoisospora canis), and another ectoparasite (Trichodectes canis). Overall, 33 types of mixed infestations were detected. Moreover, the number of different parasitic species in each dog ranged from one to seven. Fleas of the genus Ctenocephalides (in the composition of two species of parasites) were registered the most often (14.60 %). The infestation of dogs with other forms of mixed infestations was 0.69—8.01 %. The most frequent co-members for Ct. felis were Cestoda [D. caninum (13.47 %)], for Ct. canis—Cestoda [D. caninum (11.23 %)] and Nematoda [T. vulpis (8.29 %)].

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