scholarly journals A népesség munkaeőpiaci aktivitásának jellemzői

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
László Zachár

A tanulmány a szak- és felnőttképzésben dolgozó szakemberek számára – elsősorban az oktatás és szakképzés társadalmi hasznossága/hasznosulása iránt érdeklődőknek – kívánja bemutatni a problémakör egyik vetületét: az iskolai/szakmai végzettség és a munkaerőpiaci eredményesség összefüggéseit. A vizsgálat célcsoportja a 15–64 éves, munkavállalási korú népesség, tekintettel arra, hogy a teljes foglalkoztatás társadalmi célja közvetlenül erre a korosztályra tűzhető ki. A vizsgálat időszaka a 2001 és 2019 közötti évek, melynek praktikus oka az, hogy a nyilvánosan hozzáférhető KSH adatbázis erre az időszakra tartalmazott a munkavállalási korú népességre vonatkozó adatokat. A vizsgálat áttekinti, illetve elemzi az emberi erőforrás társadalmi-gazdasági szerepével kapcsolatos elméleteket;a népesség iskolai végzettség szerinti alakulását iskolafokonként (alap-, közép- és felsőfok) – és a legmagasabb iskolai végzettség szerint     (befejezett és befejezetlen általános iskola, középfokú szakképzettség érettségi nélkül, érettségi szakmai képzettséggel vagy anélkül, főiskola v. alapszak, egyetem v. mesterszak);a végzett tanulói létszámok alakulását iskolafokok szerint;a népesség iskolai végzettség szerinti, főbb munkaerőpiaci jellemzőinek alakulását               (a gazdasági aktivitásnak, a foglalkoztatásnak, a munkanélküliségnek a száma és aránya). A vizsgálat eredményei alapján a közlemény következtetéseket, valamint javaslatokat fogalmaz meg. The goal of our research to show the development of the schooling and the professional qualifications in the last twenty years (2001-2019), and their effect the position change of population at the labour market.We chose the working-age population (15-64 years) as the social goal of full employment can be achieved for the working-age population.In the frame of the research first, we have made a short overview about labour market theories and about viewpoints.After that we analyzed the development of the number and proportion of population groups by different school types and school levels. In the second part of research we have examine the labour market activity of the different schooling groups, namely economically activity, the employment and the unemployment by number and by rate. In the all analyse we have show the datas of processes and start- and end-points.On the basis of the research results we had draw conclusions and proposals.Between conclusions are trend-type, too, which are valid for a long-time distance. In the present summary we show shortly the theoretical background, the causes and goals of the research, the change of work-age population by the schooling qualifications, and the change of labour market activity in economically activity and employment  by numbers and rates. From the results we stress the economic activity proportions by the different schooling qualifications groups as their values are permanent and are characteristic to the group.




Author(s):  
Micheál L. Collins ◽  
Mary P. Murphy

The political economy of Irish work and welfare has dramatically changed over recent decades. Since the 1980s, Ireland has experienced two periods of high unemployment followed by two periods of full employment. Alongside this, we see considerable shifts in both the sectoral composition of the workforce and in the institutional architecture underpinning the labour market. Focusing on the last decade, this chapter contextualizes the Irish labour market in the Irish growth model, highlighting issues including occupational upgrading, low pay, gender composition, and migration. The chapter then explores links between this employment structure and Ireland’s changing welfare regime. It considers recent institutional changes, as the welfare regime shifted to a work-first form of activation, and the long-term sustainability of the social protection system. The chapter concludes by highlighting what we see as the core challenges for the political economy of work and welfare in Ireland.





2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharanjit Uppal ◽  
Sisira Sarma


2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Reeves

Imposing financial penalties on claimants of unemployment insurance may incentivise labour market re-entry. However, sanctions may have differential effects depending on the work-readiness of the claimants. Here, I explore whether sanctioning disabled claimants is associated with greater labour market activity or inactivity among disabled people using data on 346 British local authorities between 2009 and 2014. When the number of sanctioned disabled claimants rises (as a proportion of all claimants) the proportion of economically inactive people who are also disabled becomes larger. There is not a clear relationship between sanctioning disabled claimants the proportion of employed people who are disabled.





REGION ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Francisco Rowe

Administrative areas are arbitrarily designed and do not necessarily reflect the geographical patterns of socio-economic and labour market activity. Labour market areas (LMAs) are required to analyse spatial labour market activity and provide a framework to guide spatially-explicit employment policy development. This resource describes a data source of a set of recently created labour market areas for Chile.



2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-234
Author(s):  
Marjan Petreski

The objective of the paper is to revisit the role of remittances for labour-supply responses. Previous studies documented conflicting results, while the key methodological concern – remittances’ endogeneity about labour supply – has not been resolved convincingly. We construct behavioural tax and benefit microsimulation model and simulate labour-market responses of singles and couples had remittances not existed in their households. This is a novel methodological approach avoiding the usual trap of utilisation of inappropriate instruments to remittances. Our results suggest that remittances are prevalently associated with lower labour-market activity, especially for women. However, the labour-supply response is found quite feeble and only in single families. Hence, while previous findings are not entirely rebutted, they may have been overstated and are highly dependent on the construct of the receiving household.



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