Strengthening Community Policing Culture and Practice in Nigeria for Effective Crime Prevention and Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Community Policing ◽  
Boko Haram ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
South West ◽  
The People ◽  
Headline News ◽  
Proactive Measures

With the growing insecurity in the country, many commentators are beginning to question the provision of the 1999 Nigerian constitution, Chapter 2, Section 14 (2)(b), which stipulates that “the security and welfare of the people shall be the primary purpose of government”. In Nigeria today, virtually 50 percent of headline news relates to some form of insecurity affecting almost every part of the country. From the Boko Haram insurgencies in the North East, to Herdsmen – Farmers crisis in the middle belt, to banditry and kidnapping in the North West. From South-South region battling militant agitation, to South-East security menace of separatist agitation, kidnapping and armed robbery. Of recent is the issues of kidnapping and banditry surfacing on highways within the South West region, one would rightly say that the centralized form of Policing structure being operated in Nigeria has completely failed. Hence, agitation for institutionalising the concept of Community Policing in Nigeria. Community Policing is a concept that emphasises proactive measures – preventing the act of crime through intelligence and community participation, rather than reactive policing. It is also principled on partnership and decentralisation of powers for effective crime fighting.

Part VI. The Cyclopean Terrace Building and the Deposit of Pottery beneath It

1954 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 267-291
Author(s):  
Elizabeth B. Wace
Keyword(s):  
Contour Line ◽  
The South ◽  
Main Road ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West

The Cyclopean Terrace Building lies to the north-west of the Lion Gate on the northern end of the Panagia Ridge and faces almost due west across the valley of the Kephissos and modern main road from Corinth to Argos. It lies just below the 200 m. contour line, and one terrace below the houses excavated in 1950–51 by Dr. Papadimitriou and Mr. Petsas to the east at the same end of the ridge. The area contains a complex of buildings, both successive and contemporary, and in view of the discovery of structures both to the south-west and, by the Greek Archaeological Service, to the north-east it is likely that this whole slope was covered by a portion of the outer town of Mycenae. This report will deal only with the structure to which the name Cyclopean Terrace Building was originally given, the so-called ‘North Megaron’, supported by the heavy main terrace wall.The excavation of this structure was begun in 1923. The main terrace wall was cleared and two L.H. IIIC burials discovered in the top of the fill in the south room. In 1950 it was decided to attempt to clear this building entirely in an endeavour to find out its date and purpose. The clearing was not, however, substantially completed until the close of the 1953 excavation season, and this report presents the available evidence for the date as determined by the pottery found beneath the building; the purpose is still a matter for study, though various tentative conclusions can be put forward.

LXXXIX. Observations upon a slight earthquake, tho' very particular which may lead to the knowlege of the cause of great and violent ones, that ravage whole countries, and overturn cities. Translated from the French

1757 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 645-648
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
History Of

I went to make my observation upon the natural history of the sea; and when I arrived at a place called the Cauldrons of Lance Caraibe, near Lancebertrand, a part of the island of Grande Terre Guadaloupe, in which place the coast runs north-east and south-west, the sea being much agitated that day flowed from the north-west.

scholarly journals Numerically investigating the morphology of the supernova remnant SN 1006 in the ambient medium with a density discontinuity

2019 ◽  
Vol 491 (2) ◽  
pp. 2460-2464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Fang ◽  
Jingwen Yan ◽  
Lu Wen ◽  
Chunyan Lu ◽  
Huan Yu
Keyword(s):  
Supernova Remnant ◽  
Ambient Medium ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
North West ◽  
Density Discontinuity ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Type Ia

ABSTRACT Multiband observations on the Type Ia supernova remnant SN 1006 indicate peculiar properties in its morphologies of emission in the radio, optical, and X-ray bands. In the hard X-rays, the remnant is bilateral with two opposite bright limbs with prominent protrusions. Moreover, a filament has been detected at the radio, optical, and soft X-ray wavelengths. The reason for these peculiar features in the morphologies of the remnant is investigated using 3D HD simulations. With the assumption that the supernova ejecta are evolved in the ambient medium with a density discontinuity, the radius of the remnant’s boundary is smaller in the tenuous medium, and the shell consists of two hemispheres with different radii. Along particular line of sights, protrusions appear on the periphery of the remnants since the emission from the edge of the hemisphere with a larger radius is located outside that from the shell of the small hemisphere. Furthermore, the north-west filament of SN 1006 arises as a result of the intersection of the line of sight and the shocked material near the edges of the two hemispheres. It can be concluded that the protrusions on the north-east and south-west limbs and the north-west filament in the morphologies of SN 1006 can be reproduced as the remnants interacting with the medium with a density discontinuity.

Further results from a tagging study of pelagic sharks in the north-east Atlantic

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (4) ◽  
pp. 707-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Northern Spain ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Isurus Oxyrinchus ◽  
South West ◽  
Predicted Values ◽  
Galeorhinus Galeus ◽  
South West England

A further 69 recaptures are reported from a tagging study of pelagic sharks initiated in 1970 in the north-east Atlantic. Galeorhinus galeus tagged in England were recaptured in the eastern Atlantic from southern Spain to north-west of Iceland. Among the 42 G. galeus recaptured the longest time at liberty was about 12 years and the greatest distance travelled was 2461 km. Among the 21 Prionace glauca recaptured the l ongest time at liberty was 10.7 years, and seven sharks moved distances between 4362 and 7176 km. One shark tagged in south-west England was recaptured in the South Atlantic off South America. An Isurus oxyrinchus was at liberty for 4–6 years and a Lamna nasus for up to about 13 years. Lamna nasus were recaptured from northern Norway to northern Spain. The growth rates of the tagged sharks were close to the predicted values for G. galeus, were slower for P. glauca and faster for L. nasus.

Excavation of a homestead of the Roman era at Halangy Down, St. Mary's, Isles of Scilly, 1950

1955 ◽  
Vol 35 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 187-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ashbee
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Ordnance Survey ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
West Part ◽  
Neighbouring Island ◽  
The Hill ◽  
The Village

Halangy Down (fig. 1) is the lower precipitous slope of the decline from Telegraph Hill (Ordnance Survey B.M. 166. 3 ft.) to the sea at Halangy Porth and Point. Halangy Down and the earlier chambered tomb upon the crest are often referred to locally as ‘Bants Carn’. The true ‘Bants Carn’ is a considerable rock outcrop dominating Halangy Point. This escarpment faces Crow Sound, which separates the north-west part of St. Mary's from the neighbouring island of Tresco. The hill-side is sheltered by the mass of Telegraph Hill from inclement weather from the north-east and east, but is fully exposed to the south-west and west.The existence of an ancient village site here has long been known in the islands. At the close of the last century, the late Alexander Gibson cleared away the underbrush from one of the more prominent huts and made a photographic record of its construction. Shortly after, the late G. Bonsor, of Mairena del Alcor, near Seville, in addition to excavating the chambered tomb, noted a considerable midden together with traces, of prehistoric occupation exposed in the cliffs of Halangy Porth just below the village site. Dr. H. O'Neill Hencken noted Bonsor's description of the midden, and, as nothing was known at the time of the material culture of the ‘village’, he associated the two.

scholarly journals CHECKLIST AND DISTRIBUTION OF MARINE AND FRESHWATER LEECHES (ANNELIDA, CLITELLATA, HIRUDINEA) IN TUNISIA WITH IDENTIFICATION KEY

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Ben Ahmed ◽  
Yasmina Romdhane ◽  
Saïda Tekaya
Keyword(s):  
Identification Key ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

In this study 13 leech species from Tunisia are listed. They belong to 2 orders, 2 suborders, 4 families and 11 genera. The paper includes also data about hosts and habitats, distribution in the world and in Tunisia. Faunistic informations on leeches were found in literature and in the results of recent surveys conducted by the authors in the North East and the South of the country. The objectives of this study were to summarize historical and recent taxonomic data, and to propose an identification key for species signalized. This checklist is to be completed, taking into account the hydrobiological network of the country especially the North West region, which may reveal more species in the future

III.—On the Discovery of a Quartzose Conglomerate at Caldon Low, Staffs

1919 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wilfrid Jackson ◽  
W. E. Alkins
Keyword(s):  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
Good Fortune ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Limestone Quarries ◽  
Strong Joint

During a visit to the limestone quarries at Caldon Low last September we had the good fortune to discover an interesting exposure of a quartzose conglomerate containing numerous fossils. The bed was exposed in a strong joint-face running approximately N.N.W. to S.S.E., at the northern extension of the quarry on the north-west flank of the Low, just beyond the mineral line of the North Staffordshire Railway. The altitude is about 900 feet O.D. The conglomerate apparently extended some little distance to the south-west before the opening of the quarry, as we ascertained that some 20 or 30 yards had been removed in gaining access to the limestone behind. It appears to extend for some distance round the flank of the Low towards the north-east.

Rainsborough, Northants, England: Excavations 1961–5

1968 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 207-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Avery ◽  
J. E. G. Sutton ◽  
J. W. Banks ◽  
M. S. Tite ◽  
J. G. Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Roots ◽  
The West ◽  
Outer Slope ◽  
North West ◽  
Gentle Slope ◽  
The Core ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
Visible Part

Rainsborough is 1 mile South of Charlton village, in the parish of Newbottle, S. Northants, 20 miles North of Oxford, (SP 526348). The camp lies atc. 480′ OD, and the area enclosed isc. 6·25 acres.It lies on the edge of a plateau: the approaches to it are flat on the north-east, east, south and south-west, but a gentle slope to the north, north-west and west gives it a wide view across the Cherwell valley, towards Madmarston and Tadmarton (see map, fig. 1 and also pl. XXV). The defences are bivallate: the inner bank stands to 10 feet above the interior, and there is a drop of about 15 feet from the crest into the inner ditch; the second bank is very much lowered by ploughing, but still reaches a height of about 4 feet on the south side, where a hedge line has protected it; the outer ditch is nowhere visible on the surface, except on the west, when it carries a higher growth of weeds. The defences are covered with turf: the inner bank has also trees, bushes and the stumps of large beeches felledc. 1950. The bank is riddled with tree roots, and the sandy character of the core has attracted rabbits: recent attempts to dig and smoke out the warrens have slightly damaged the profile of the bank. A small dry stone wall is visible part way up the outer slope of the inner bank in several places.

scholarly journals Kos Astypalaia

1898 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 95-100
Author(s):  
Duncan Mackenzie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West ◽  
The Village

From the modern town of Kos, on the site of the ancient capital at the north-east extremity of the island, to the village of Kephalos at the southwest end is a ride of eight hours.The village stands on a chalky plateau which beyond the isthmus marks the beginning of the mountain district of south-west Kos. This in turn is a repetition on a smaller scale of the mountain region, at the other end of the island, which forms the lofty termination to the long central tableland. The highest points of the mountain district are towards the south-east where the fall to the sea is very rapid. The highest neighbouring peak, Mount Ziní, is about an hour distant from the village in a south-easterly direction, while all that lies to the north-west of the main range is high pastoral country with many torrent beds.

scholarly journals Subnational estimates of maternal mortality in Nigeria: Analysis of female siblings’ survivorship histories. 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Opeyemi Oluwatosin Babajide ◽  
Joshua Odunayo Akinyemi ◽  
Olusola Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
The South ◽  
Mortality Trends ◽  
North West ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
South West

Abstract BACKGROUND High Maternal Mortality (MM) in Nigeria is further complicated by the lack of reliable estimates for subnational levels such as states and geopolitical regions. Disaggregating maternal mortality estimates by subnational levels is crucial to ensuring policy decisions and program implementation are adapted to areas with a high burden of mortality. This study involves a novel adaptation of small area estimation techniques to derive plausible estimates of levels and trends in Maternal Mortality rates and ratios for states and geopolitical regions in Nigeria. METHODS. Survivorship history data of 293,769 female siblings were provided by 114,154 women in the Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys of 2008, 2013 and 2018. MM Rates and Ratios were estimated using the Empirical Bayesian technique for small area demographic estimates. The James-Stein estimator was used to shrink the estimates closer to the population mean values with 95% Confidence Interval (CI). RESULTS Levels of MMRatio were highest in the rural areas, States and regions in Northern Nigeria. MMRatio was consistently lower in the South West (2008=281; 2013=367; 2018=392) and higher among the Northern regions of the country, particularly the North-East (2008=654; 2013=612; 2018=901) for three consecutive surveys. Over the three surveys, mortality trends declined about 18% in the North West and 54.2% in the South East region. However, there was a 4.8% increase in MMRatio for South West between 2008 to 2018. CONCLUSIONS Nigeria has geopolitical and sub-national disparities that pose a burden to the country’s maternal health. Since several states in the Northern geopolitical zone still show high maternal mortality, targeted intervention at state levels should be explored to ensure that mothers who need help get it to ensure the sustainable development goals are met.

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