scholarly journals Need for Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Women with Prior History of Group B Streptococcus Carriage

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Point Of Care Testing ◽  
Benzyl Penicillin ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic

The incidence of early onset neonatal GBS(EOGBS) disease in the UK and Ireland is 0.57/1000 births. Intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP) reduces the risk. Previous colonisation is associated with 50% carriage in the current pregnancy. In these women, RCOG recommends IAP with a history of neonatal infection, otherwise offering the option of screening at 35-37 weeks. In Ireland, there is no national consensus on IAP in prior GBS colonisation. Currently at University Hospital Waterford (UHW), all women with prior GBS colonisation receive IAP. Studies examining the use of point-of-care testing have shown reduction in the use of IAP and EOGBS rates. We aimed to examine the screening and IAP administration in maternal prior GBS colonisation and the incidence of GBS in this cohort in UHW. Data was collected retrospectively from laboratory, medical records and electronic patient manager systems. Women who received IAP between 1stJuly 2020 and 31stDecember 2020 were identified. Women who received IAP for current and prior GBS colonisation were included. Women who received IAP for preterm labour, preterm prelabour rupture of membranes and pyrexia in labour were excluded. Ninety-two women with current or prior GBS colonisation received IAP, of which only 15(16.30%) were current and 77(83.69%) were prior GBS colonisation. In women with prior GBS colonisation, 49(63.63%) were screened, 3/49(6.12%) were positive, 28 were not screened. Seventy-eight (84.78%) received benzyl-penicillin. Six (6.52%) received clindamycin. Twenty-two (23.91%) babies were admitted to the Neonatal Unit, however, only one cultured positive for gram-positive cocci. The incidence of EOGBS in this cohort is low. A risk-based approach or point-of-care testing should be considered to reduce unnecessary IAP administration.

scholarly journals Impact of Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis on Offspring Microbiota

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Prescott ◽  
C. Dreisbach ◽  
K. Baumgartel ◽  
R. Koerner ◽  
A. Gyamfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Microbial Colonization ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Colonization Process ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
The Impact

Infants are born into a world filled with microbes and must adapt without undue immune response while exploiting the microbiota's ability to produce otherwise unavailable nutrients. The process by which humans and microbes establish this relationship has only recently begun to be studied with the aid of genomic methods. Nearly half of all pregnant women receive antibiotics during gestation to prevent maternal and neonatal infection. Though this has been largely successful in reducing early-onset sepsis, we have yet to understand the long-term consequences of antibiotic administration during gestation to developing infants. Studies involving antibiotic use in infants suggest that dysbiosis during this period is associated with increased obesity, allergy, autoimmunity, and chronic diseases in adulthood, however, research around the limited doses of intravenous antibiotics used for intrapartum prophylaxis is limited. In this mini review, we focused on the state of the science regarding the effects of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis on the newborn microbial colonization process. Although, the literature indicates that there is wide variety in the specific bacteria that colonize infants from birth, limited parenteral antibiotic administration prior to delivery consistently affects the microbiota of infants by decreasing bacteria in the phylum Bacteroidetes and increasing bacteria in the phylum Proteobacteria, thus altering the normal pattern of colonization that infants experience. Delivery by cesarean section and formula feeding magnify and prolong this effect. Our mini review shows that the impact of intravenous antibiotic administration during gestation has on early colonization, growth, or immune programming in the developing offspring has not been well studied in human or animal models.

scholarly journals Hepatitis C in pregnancy: an observational study highlighting its association with maternal parameters

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 344
Author(s):  
Bushra . ◽  
Ambreen Ghori ◽  
Azra Ahmed ◽  
Najma Dalwani ◽  
Mushtaque Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

Background: Pregnancy is a very crucial time in a woman’s life. In this period of time, not only multiple physiological alterations effect the usual health status but also makes women more vulnerable to contract infection and face negative sequalae. Hepatitis C, a blood borne viral infection serve the similar fate when encountered by pregnant ladies. This study is based on exploring the prevalence of the Hepatitis C virus seropositivity among pregnant population. Moreover, we also evaluated the major risk factors leading to the infection in these mothers. Besides this, infected mothers were studied for their pregnancy outcomes.Methods: In this study 114 pregnant females were observed for this cross-sectional study. It was conducted in Gynecology Unit- 1, Liaquat University Hospital Hyderabad, for the period of January 2017 to July 2017. Chi square test was applied for statistical analysis on SPSS version 16. The criteria for enrollment in the study was set to be a pregnant lady belonging to age group 20-35 years; having singleton pregnancy; was a booked case at the hospital with compliant to antenatal follow ups; admitted to the labor room for delivery. All the non-pregnant ladies, whom had co morbid conditions such as hypertension or diabetes or had infected with hepatitis B or D were excluded from the study. Furthermore, pregnant ladies with multiple gestion or those who were either diagnosed of hepatitis C prior to conceive or had a previous history of hepatitis C were also excluded.Results: Present study revealed that out of 114, 10(8.8%) pregnant ladies were found seropositive for Hepatitis C virus. Prior history for transfusion of blood was the Foremost risk factor discovered, with 60.5% women reported this. History of surgery was the 2nd commonest factor and 43.9% had this in their medical records. On the other hand, only 8.8% women gave the history for previous evacuation. While observing pregnancy outcomes, we found 48.2% neonates had low birth weight, 41.2% were born preterm and 21.1% had low APGAR score.Conclusions: In a nutshell hepatitis c is prevalent in the pregnant population of this region and showing its effects in the form of compromised pregnancies. History of blood transfusion and previous surgery were found to be chief risk factors in the study.

scholarly journals Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis and Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis Patterns

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodney K. Edwards ◽  
Whitney E. Jamie ◽  
Donald Sterner ◽  
Susan Gentry ◽  
Kathy Counts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic

Vaginal group B streptococcus status during intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis

2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Scasso ◽  
Joel Laufer ◽  
Grisel Rodriguez ◽  
Justo G. Alonso ◽  
Claudio G. Sosa
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽  
Intrapartum Antibiotic ◽  
Group B
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