Production and Industrial Potential of Melanin Pigment

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Jeong-Joo Oh ◽  
Gyu-Hyeok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Melanin Pigment

scholarly journals Distribution of Melanin Pigmentation in 33 Organs of Thai Black-Bone Chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Korakot Nganvongpanit ◽  
Piyatida Kaewkumpai ◽  
Varankpicha Kochagul ◽  
Kidsadagon Pringproa ◽  
Veerasak Punyapornwithaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallus Gallus ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Gallus Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Melanin Pigmentation ◽  
Chicken Breed ◽  
Brachial Vein ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Pigment Accumulation

The black-bone chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) is a breed of chicken that is commonly found in Thailand. This breed is known for having a number of black colored organs. Consumers have been notably attracted to the black-bone chicken breed for the characteristic darkness that is observed in many of its organs. However, the degree of darkness in all organs of the black-bone chicken is still in question. Importantly, there have not yet been any published reports on the distribution of melanin pigment in the organs of the black-bone chicken. This research study aims to examine the distribution of the melanin pigment in 33 organs of the Thai black-bone chicken. Ten black-bone chickens (five male, five female) were included in this study. Thirty-two organs including the brain, spinal cord, sciatic nerve, larynx, trachea, syrinx, lungs, heart, pericardium, aorta, brachial vein, kidney, cloaca, oviduct, testis, gastrocnemius muscle, femur, tongue, esophagus, crop, proventriculus, gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, omentum, abdominal fat, spleen, and skin were examined in this study. Histological sections taken from tissue samples of each of these organs were studied. The findings revealed that the presence of the melanin pigment was not significantly different (p > 0.005) between male and female specimens. Notably, the liver was the only organ in which the melanin pigment had not accumulated. Consequently, there was not a uniform pattern of melanin pigment accumulation throughout the organs of the chickens. The melanin pigment was present in all of the tissue layers of most organs, while the melanin pigment was found in only specific layers of some of the organs. In conclusion, the distribution of melanin pigmentation in the organs of each of the animals in this study was found to be different. However, in some tissue samples, such as those obtained from the liver, no accumulation of the melanin pigment was observed.

scholarly journals Co-expression of Myoepithelial and Melanocytic Features in Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costantino Ricci ◽  
Federico Chiarucci ◽  
Francesca Ambrosi ◽  
Tiziana Balbi ◽  
Barbara Corti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Salivary Gland Tumors ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma ◽  
Pertinent Literature

AbstractThe presence of melanin pigment and melanocytic markers expression have been rarely reported in salivary gland tumors. Herein, two cases of carcinoma arising in pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland and showing diffuse expression of myoepithelial and melanocytic markers are described. The clinical-pathological clues useful in the differential diagnosis with melanoma are discussed. In addition, a review of the pertinent literature is also proposed, discussing the pathologic mechanisms potentially involved in this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Melanoma induction by ultraviolet A but not ultraviolet B radiation requires melanin pigment

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances P. Noonan ◽  
M. Raza Zaidi ◽  
Agnieszka Wolnicka-Glubisz ◽  
Miriam R. Anver ◽  
Jesse Bahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet B ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Ultraviolet A ◽  
Ultraviolet B Radiation

Drugs for pigmentary disorders

1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Melanin Formation ◽  
Pigmentary Disorders ◽  
Rate Limiting Step ◽  
Limiting Step ◽  
Rate Limiting

Melanin formation starts with tyrosine, which tyrosinase converts into dopa (dihydroxyphenylalanine). Thereafter the pathway of biosynthesis is non-enzymatic; probably various polycyclic quinone-like compounds are formed and combine with protein to form the final melanin pigment. The rate-limiting step in this pathway is the action of tyrosinase. This enzyme is normally more or less inhibited, but it can be released and this leads to melanogenesis. One important releasing factor is ultraviolet (UV) radiation. The very shortest wavelengths in sunlight are responsible, and these wavelengths also cause the normal UV erythema reaction. Thus sunburn and suntan are usually seen together.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Melanin Pigment from Bacillus subtilis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Melanin Pigment ◽  
Binding Property ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Dna Binding Property ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Living Organisms

Melanin is nearly a ubiquitous pigment synthesized by living organisms in the course of hydroxylation and polymerization. Melanin has immense application potential in the field of agriculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study was to obtain the melanin pigment produced by Bacillus subtilis using T medium and study the biological and chemical characteristics of the pigment. Melanin pigment production in Bacillus was analyzed and was optimized at different temperatures and pH for optimal production. The pigment was confirmed by its chemical characterization. The melanin pigment obtained was water-soluble and was confirmed to be photoprotective using Ultraviolet-Visible spectrum analysis, which showed maximum absorption in the UV region (200-300 nm), but diminished towards the visible regions. The pigment also showed antioxidant activity. Fourier Transformation Infrared spectroscopy analysis confirmed the crude melanin extract obtained as melanin. DNA binding property of melanin was studied. UV- Visible spectroscopic methods shows that melanin is able to bind DNA and impact protection. The pigment was analyzed for its application in the field of agriculture. It had shown to impart UV protection to UV exposed seeds during germination. Melanin also found to enhance the growth of plants when studied under laboratory conditions.

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