How policies select immigrants: The role of the recognition of foreign qualifications

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 461-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Andriescu
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Similar Role ◽  
Employment Trajectories ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Admission Policies ◽  
Romanian Immigrants ◽  
The Way

Although immigrants’ settlement and integration into the labour market are subject to a number of regulations, previous research has primarily investigated the role of admission policies in selecting immigrants. There are other policies, however – such as the recognition of foreign qualifications – that fulfil a similar role, although these policies are largely overlooked in the literature. This study explores the way these policies select among wanted and unwanted highly skilled immigrants, subsequently facilitating or hindering their integration into jobs matched to their level and type of qualifications. This article draws on semi-structured interviews with highly skilled Romanian immigrants with various professional qualifications and focuses on their experiences with recognition processes in Germany over the last decade, highlighting the procedures’ effects on individuals’ upward or downward employment trajectories.

scholarly journals Skilled Migrants in the Swedish Labour Market: An Analysis of Employment, Income and Occupational Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3428
Author(s):  
Nahikari Irastorza ◽  
Pieter Bevelander
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
Highly Skilled Migrants ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
Integration Of Immigrants ◽  
Employment Rates

In a globalised world with an increasing division of labour, the competition for highly skilled individuals—regardless of their origin—is growing, as is the value of such individuals for national economies. Yet the majority of studies analysing the economic integration of immigrants shows that those who are highly skilled also have substantial hurdles to overcome: their employment rates and salaries are lower and they face a higher education-to-occupation mismatch compared to highly skilled natives. This paper contributes to the paucity of studies on the employment patterns of highly skilled immigrants to Sweden by providing an overview of the socio-demographic characteristics, labour-market participation and occupational mobility of highly educated migrants in Sweden. Based on a statistical analysis of register data, we compare their employment rates, salaries and occupational skill level and mobility to those of immigrants with lower education and with natives. The descriptive analysis of the data shows that, while highly skilled immigrants perform better than those with a lower educational level, they never catch up with their native counterparts. Our regression analyses confirm these patterns for highly skilled migrants. Furthermore, we find that reasons for migration matter for highly skilled migrants’ employment outcomes, with labour migrants having better employment rates, income and qualification-matched employment than family reunion migrants and refugees.

scholarly journals Reducing the barriers for foreign-trained engineers: a literature review & study of the role of a bridging program in assisting engineers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunya Mojadiddi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Successful Employment ◽  
Review Study

Foreign-trained engineers make up a significant number of the skilled immigrants accepted to Canada annually. This study seeks to identify the various barriers discussed in the literature that these foreign-trained engineers face in gaining licensure and successful employment in Canada. It also examines the findings from a survey conducted of previous graduates of Ryerson University's Internationally Educated Engineers Qualification Bridging (IEEQB) Program. The purpose of the research was to identify whether or not the bridging program assists foreign-trained engineers in obtaining a P.Eng license and finding employment in their fields. Twelve participants were involved in the study; the study found that the participants faced the barriers discussed in the literature. The information found in this study will be used as a stepping-stone in future research to reduce the difficulties foreign-trained engineers face and assist them to successfully integrate into the Canadian labour market.

scholarly journals Reducing the barriers for foreign-trained engineers: a literature review & study of the role of a bridging program in assisting engineers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dunya Mojadiddi
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Stepping Stone ◽  
Skilled Immigrants ◽  
Successful Employment ◽  
Review Study

Foreign-trained engineers make up a significant number of the skilled immigrants accepted to Canada annually. This study seeks to identify the various barriers discussed in the literature that these foreign-trained engineers face in gaining licensure and successful employment in Canada. It also examines the findings from a survey conducted of previous graduates of Ryerson University's Internationally Educated Engineers Qualification Bridging (IEEQB) Program. The purpose of the research was to identify whether or not the bridging program assists foreign-trained engineers in obtaining a P.Eng license and finding employment in their fields. Twelve participants were involved in the study; the study found that the participants faced the barriers discussed in the literature. The information found in this study will be used as a stepping-stone in future research to reduce the difficulties foreign-trained engineers face and assist them to successfully integrate into the Canadian labour market.

Ethnicity, Class and the Earning Inequality in Israel, 1983-1995

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Khattab
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Earnings Inequality ◽  
Employment Contracts ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Similar Role ◽  
Israeli Population ◽  
Earning Inequality ◽  
Over Time

This paper focuses on the role of ethnicity and class in generating earnings inequality in Israel. Unlike previous studies on inequality of opportunities in Israel, in this paper I compare the earnings of five ethnic groups: European Jews (Ashkenazi), Asian-African Jews (Sephardi), Muslim Palestinians, Christian Palestinians and Druze Palestinians. In addition, both men and women are taken into account. The analysis, which is based on data obtained from the 1983 and 1995 Israeli population censuses, has revealed that in Israel, class variations resulting from the differentiation of employment contracts in the labour market, appear to have played a much more important role over time in producing earnings inequality. However, at the same time, it was found that class in this context is highly related to ethnicity, thereby suggesting that class and ethnicity are interwoven. While it seemed that to some extent, class plays a similar role among men and women, the role of ethnicity among men was much more central than it was among women, in the allocation of people into class positions.

scholarly journals Vietnamese English Teachers’ Perceptions of Culture in ELT Materials in Vietnamese Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Do Lan Phuong
Keyword(s):  
English Learners ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
English Teachers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Cultural Barrier ◽  
English Class ◽  
The Way

As one of the main purposes of using English today is for international communication and globalisation, English has been mainly used among bilingual speakers of English who come from different ethnic and cultural backgrounds (McKay, 2006; Sharifian, 2014). In such multinational and multicultural contexts, today English learners have to deal with not only linguistic barrier, but also cultural barrier. Therefore, it is crucially important that they are provided with multicultural knowledge and cross-cultural awareness. However, so far, there has been little research into the perceptions of English teachers towards culture used in ELT materials in EFL contexts. Therefore, the research aims to identify how seven Vietnamese teachers of English in two universities in Hanoi, Vietnam perceived culture and the role of culture in language teaching. This paper also seeks to explore how their perceptions influenced the way they taught culture in their English class and the way they adapted and developed ELT materials for their students with the hope that it will provide useful and practical suggestions for developing appropriate ELT materials for EFL teaching contexts. The research is based on a qualitative research which applies mostly in-depth, semi-structured interviews and document analysis. The data of this research reveals that most participants recognized the close and interrelated relationship between language and culture and the crucial role of culture in language teaching. They also identified the important role of English as an international language and cultural differences in ELT materials. Realizing a cultural gap in most of the materials they taught, they tried to adapt the materials based on their students’ needs. 

scholarly journals Marx o potrebi za umjetnošću: umjetnost između političke ekonomije i samoodređenja

2019 ◽  
pp. 100-113
Author(s):  
Bojan Blagojević
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Artistic Creation ◽  
Human Needs ◽  
Commodity Production ◽  
Art Works ◽  
Production Relations ◽  
The Way

If we take political economy to be concerned with the way a society satisfies its needs, we would expect that an account of Marx’s critique of political economy of art should begin with a critique of the way a need for art is perceived within capitalistic production relations. We will try to provide a sketch of such a critique in this paper, taking various accounts of the place and role of art within a system of human needs as a context in which art works and artistic creation are connected with categories of commodity, production, labour, market etc. Then we will turn to an account of human needs, provided by Agnes Heller, that are not limited to political economy and aim to show that the need for art is properly located within that system of “non-alienated” needs and human self-determination.

scholarly journals THE PROMOTION OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE: THE CASE OF GREECE

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodora Tzianakopoulou ◽  
Nikolaos Manesis
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Culture ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Developmental Trajectory ◽  
Strategic Orientation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Organizational Conditions ◽  
Education School ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
The Way

Organizational culture constitutes a fundamental characteristic of the educational organism because, on one hand, it contributes to the shaping of its character and the way of thinking of its members and, on the other hand, it is connected to the productivity of educators and the academic performance of students. Pivotal is the role of the educator in shaping the culture of the educational organism, a culture that moulds the imprint and identity of the school unit and constitutes a criterion for its effectiveness. Culture constitutes a tool in the hands of the leader in order to goad the members of the school community into a developmental trajectory, creating organizational conditions which contribute to learning outcomes and positive change. We conducted a survey using semi-structured interviews on a number of principals of secondary education school units within Attica Prefecture, relative to the way in which they promote organizational culture in their school unit, the role that other stakeholders have, the promotion of cooperative climate and the association of culture and learning outcomes. A lack of strategic orientation for the promotion of culture is clearly evident from the results. The ways in which the members of educational community are involved in organizational culture, cumulatively evaluated, indicate a strategic handling of the promotion of organizational culture. Evaluated, though, separately they are deprived of potency and reassert the incapability in approaching culture holistically. Practices for the consolidation of cooperative climate and the principal's relationship with learning outcomes are confirmed. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0746/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

HR outsourcing in small and medium-sized enterprises

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wallo ◽  
Henrik Kock
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Empirical Foundation ◽  
Market Intermediaries

Purpose Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are increasingly outsourcing human resource (HR) activities to outside labour market intermediaries. In this paper, the focus is on a specific type of labour market intermediary, the HR intermediary (HRI). The purpose of this paper is to describe and discuss SME outsourcing of HR services to membership-based HRIs, and potential problems and benefits that may arise in this process. Design/methodology/approach The empirical foundation comprises case studies of three Swedish HRIs and 12 of their SME clients. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews and a document study. Findings The findings show that social aspects such as trust, shared values, communication and commitment are crucial characteristics of the cooperation between HRIs and SMEs. These social aspects are a result of the owner/membership structure, and a distinguishing feature of the studied HRIs in comparison to other types of labour market intermediaries. Research limitations/implications The results of the study underline the need for increased research related to the intermediary concept and its meanings in different contexts. There is also a need for more empirical research on HRIs, e.g. comparisons between different types of HRIs, and studies of the emergence of virtual intermediaries. Future studies should focus on the role of LMIs and HRIs in regional development processes. Practical implications Companies that interact with HRIs should reflect on the different pros and cons that this cooperation may result in, both in the short term and in the longer term. Originality/value The study provides an enhanced understanding regarding the relations between SMEs and HRIs, based on the two broad types of SMEs (with low/high internal HR skills) and two types of HRIs (with short/long-term orientation).

The Emigration of Irish Accountants: Economic Restructuring and Producer Services in the Periphery

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Hanlon
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Producer Services ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Capitalist Economy ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
Skilled Professional ◽  
Highly Skilled ◽  
The Way

This paper examines emigration patterns among Irish accountants in the context of the growth of an international labour market in highly skilled, professional work. It uses documentary sources and interviews with a sample of young Irish accountants to illustrate how changes in the international nature of accountancy has affected the profession in Ireland and have given rise to a particular kind of career-oriented emigration among accountants. These developments in turn are related to broader changes in the producer services sector of the economy in Ireland and in the way this sector is integrated into the international capitalist economy.

The role of higher education in supporting graduates’ early labour market careers

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samo Pavlin
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Early Labour

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore perceptions by higher education (HE) senior professors and managers of their role in preparing graduates for entry to the labour market. By providing a theoretical and empirical overview of the functional role of HE institutions in preparing graduates for work, the paper designs an own research framework for future developments in this area. Design/methodology/approach – The conclusions in the paper are based on a literature review and approximately 240 semi-structured interviews with HE professors and managers from six European countries and from six different study fields. The results are broadly compared with an international survey of graduates from 20, mainly European, countries. Findings – The senior HE professors and managers see their own role in supporting graduates’ careers in a surprisingly intuitive way. There are some important differences and similarities among the study fields, although they are generally not motivated to apply an evidence-based approach to study and programme developments. Originality/value – This paper is based on the results of a three-year survey of the European research network, and two international conferences comprising more than 100 contributions from over 30, mainly European, countries.

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