scholarly journals SUPPLIES OF PRODUCTIVE MOISTURE AND YIELDING CAPACITY OF CROPS ROTATION DEPENDING ON THE SYSTEMS OF BASIC TILLAGE AND FERTILIZING

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (7) ◽  
pp. 141-148
Author(s):  
V. Kyryliuk ◽  
◽  
T. Tymoshchuk ◽  
H. Kotelnytska ◽  
V. Barladiuha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Yielding Capacity

Productivity of sugar beets depending on the method of main soil tillage and levels of fertilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (94) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
M. L. Tyrus
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Yielding Capacity ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Favorable Weather ◽  
Fertilization Level

Soil tillage and fertilization level are important in the system of agro-technical measures that increase soil fertility and sugar beets productivity. Today the cultivation of this crop requires a great deal of expense, therefore, there is a need for a wider study of the use of cheap soil cultivation, soil protection, energy-saving soil tillage technologies and appropriate ferti-lization levels. Under western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine conditions, investigations were conducted on dark grey podzolic light loamy soils where the influence of tillage models and fertilization levels on the formation of sugar beets root crops was studied. Shallow no-plow tillage of the soil on 14-16 cm is expedient to use as a main tillage under sugar beets. Under favorable weather and climatic conditions, it can provide yielding capacity at the level of deep fall plowing. The use of shallow no-plow tillage helped to increase the yielding capacity of sugar beet roots relative to plowing by 28-30 cm for 1.3 t / ha and the biological sugar output – for 0.2 t / ha. Then the sugar content was by 0.1% higher in the application of deep fall plowing on 28-30 cm. The optimization of the system of sugar beets fertilization allows ensuring the growth of the yielding capacity of root crops. It is established that the application of fertilizer norm N300P225K350 provides the yielding capacity at the level of 90 t / ha. The sugar content of root crops at the given fertilizer rate was the lowest in the experiment - 16.5 – 16.6%. Thanks to the high yielding capacity of root crops in terms of N300P225K350, the sugar harvesting was the highest and depending on the method of basic soil tillage was 14.95 – 14.79 t / ha. That is in 3.2 times more as to the control, in 1.3 times more than the norm of N180P135K210 and in 1.1 more than the fertilization level N240P180K280.

Special features of drip-sprinkler irrigation technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. V. Angold ◽  
V. A. Zharkov
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yielding Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
Plant Root System

Irrigation techniques and technology based on principle of regular accumulation of moisture in active layer (surface irrigation, regular sprinkler irrigation) are most common in science and in practice. More progressive is principle of non-stop water supply of plants and soil in conformity to their water consumption. Drip irrigation and impulse sprinkling are based on this principle. The main advantage of drip irrigation is establishment of optimal water and nutritive regime directly in the plant root system. However, such irrigation is not effective enough under conditions of high air temperatures (over 25–35 °С), as growing process of several agricultural plants is known to slow down at 30–35 °С and photosynthesis, consequently, stops, which, in turn, affects plants yielding capacity. Sprinkling irrigation provides improvement of both microclimate in plant's environment and their water regime. Combination of drip and sprinkling irrigation permits the positive characteristics of each individual technology to be united, and to remove a series of disadvantages of their separate use as well as to use drip-sprinkler irrigation technology to create optimal conditions for plant development. Drip-sprinkler irrigation technology facilitates saving of irrigation water through drip irrigation in the main vegetation period and through improvement of microclimate and water regime of agricultural plants with additional sprinkling irrigation within the period of high temperatures and low air humidity that affects the growing process and increases yielding capacity of grown cultures.

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