scholarly journals Effects of Curcuma Longa Ethanol Extract on Isolated Guinea Pigthile Smooth Muscle in Acetylcholine Induction

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Zheng Yuebin ◽  
Florenly ◽  
Liena ◽  
Fioni
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Tracheal Ring ◽  
Main Compound

Epidemiological studies show that nearly 20% of the world's population suffers from diseases related to allergies and asthma. The main compound of turmeric is curcumin has several pharmacological properties, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory, asthma treatment. The study aimed to determine the effects of ethanol extract Curcuma longa on the smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pigtic trachea in acetylcholine induction. This research method was experimental to observe the relationship of Curcuma longa ethanol extract (EECL) to the relaxing effects of isolated smooth muscle trachea marmot (tracheal ring chain) inserted into a bath organ filled with Kreb's physiological fluid by maintaining a temperature of 35-370C and associated with a Matlab recorder. Samples used by male guinea pigs and ethanol extract Curcuma longa (EECL). The results of the study that ethanol extract Curcuma longa has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscles of the trachea isolated from the experimental rats contracted with acetylcholine. Ethanol extract Curcuma longa has the ability not dising from theophylline 2 x 10-4 M in reducing smooth muscle contraction of insulated Cavia porcelain trachea induced by acetylcholine, acetylcholine strength without incubation contraction compared to acetylcholine with EECL incubation showed statistically different results (p <0.05). The mechanism of Curcuma longa relaxation effect on isolated guinea pig smooth muscle is mediated through inhibition of the enzyme PDE.

scholarly journals Relaxation Effect of Extract Ethanol Curcuma Longa on Isolated Guine Pig Trachea

2021 ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
Hidayati Yanita ◽  
Chrismis Novalinda Ginting ◽  
Linda Chiuman ◽  
Sahna Ferdinand
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder

Aims: Asthma is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease which is a world health problem that is not only infected in developed countries but also in developing countries. According to the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP), asthma can be defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder that occurs in the airways, which involves inflammatory cells. curcumin reduces allergic airway inflammation in mice through inhibition of a specific pathway aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin in acute allergic asthma and its underlying mechanisms in mice. Study Design: This study is experimental study. Methodology: The experimental animals were divided into 2 groups, each group consisting of 4 animals. Group 1 gave theophline as a positive control group and group 2 was given extracts with concentrations (1 mg / ml, 2 mg / ml, 3 mg / ml, 4 mg / ml, 5 mg / ml, 6 mg / ml, 7 mg / ml and 8 mg / ml). These animals are acclimatized for 1 (one) week with the aim of homogenizing their food and life with the same conditions so that they are considered eligible for research. Results: The ethanol extract of curcuma longa has no different ability from atropine sulfate 1 x 10-6 M in reducing the smooth muscle contraction of isolated guinea pig tracheal induced by acetylcholine, the strength of acetylcholine without incubation contraction compared to acetylcholine with EETH incubation showed statistically different results (p<0.05). Conclusion: The mechanism of the relaxing effect of curcuma longa on isolated mouse smooth muscle is mediated through inhibition of the PDE enzyme.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antikejang Ekstrak Etanol Daun Titanus (Leea Aequata L.) Terhadap Ileum Marmut Terpisah (Cavia Porcellus) Secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-330
Author(s):  
Erikson Sinaga ◽  
Nahitma Ginting ◽  
Edy Suwarso
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Atropine Sulfate ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Organ Bath

Titanus (Leea aequata L.) merupakan tumbuhan dari suku leeaceae yang digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional di daerah Tanah Karo, Provinsi Sumatera utara, sebagai obat luka dan obat anti tetanus. Salah satu tanda utama dari penyakit tetanus adalah spasme otot atau kejang disebagian atau seluruh tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antikejang berupa relaksasi dari ekstrak etanol daun titanus terhadap kontraksi ileum marmut terisolasi yang dikontrasikan dengan asetilkolin. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vitro menggunakan alat organ bath. Tahapan penelitian adalah persiapan bahan dan pengujian efek relaksasi ileum terpisah. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah relaksasi otot polos ileum terpisah. Sebelum dilakukan pengujian, ileum marmut terpisah diekuilibrasi selama 45 menit sampai diperoleh kondisi yang stabil didalam larutan tyrode dengan suhu 37o C yang diaerasi dengan gas karbogen (O2:CO2) 95% : 5%. Pengujian efek relaksasi dilakukan setelah ileum marmut dikontraksi dengan asetilkolin, kemudian masing masing ileum diberikan konsentrasi kumulatif ekstrak daun titanus dan atropin sulfat . Hasil pengujian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol daun titanus memiliki efek relaksasi. Ekstrak etanol daun titanus pada konsentrasi 2,5mg/ml (105,4203±2,9151) mempunyai kemampuan yang tidak berbeda dengan atropin sulfat 1 x 10-5 (113,9796±4,5825) dalam menurunkan kontraksi otot polos ileum yang diinduksi oleh asetilkolin 1,889 x 10-4 M (p>0,005). Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun titanus mempunyai efek relaksasi terhadap otot polos ileum terpisah dengan kemampuan yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan atropin sulfat. Titanus (Leeaaequata L.) is a plant from Leeaceae family used in traditional medication in Tanah Karo, North Sumatera as wound and anti-tetanus medicine. One of the main signs of tetanus is muscle spasm or seizure in some or all parts of body. This research aimed to evaluatethe anti-seizure effect of titanus leaves ethanol extractsuch as relaxation isolated ileum of marmot which was contacted with acetylcholine. This research was conducted byin vitro studyusing organ bath instrument. The stages of this research were the material preparation and isolated ileum relaxation effect evaluation. The parameter measured in this research was the isolated ileum smooth muscle relaxation. Before the test, isolated marmot ileum was equilibrated for 45 minutes until the stable condition in tyrode solution was obtained at 37°C temperature which aerated with carbogen gas (O2:CO2) 95%:5%. The relaxation effect test was conducted aftermarmot ileum was contracted with acetylcholine, and then, titanus leaves extract and atropine sulfate were added to each ileumswith cumulative concentration. The result indicated that the titanus leaves ethanol extract had relaxation effect. Titanus Leaves ethanol extract in 2.5 mg/ml concentration (105.4203±2.9151) had the same ability as atropine sulfate 1x10-5 (113.9796±4.5825)in decreasing the ileum smooth muscle contraction induced with acetylcholine 1.889x10-4 M (p>0.005).It could be concluded that titanus leaves ethanol extract hasrelaxation effect to isolated ileum smooth muscle and it was not so different with atropine sulfate.

scholarly journals The effects of wild-type and mutant SOD1 on smooth muscle contraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Nikolic-Kokic ◽  
Zorana Orescanin-Dusic ◽  
Ivan Spasojevic ◽  
Dusko Blagojevic ◽  
Zorica Stevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Transgenic Rat ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
Ion Conducting ◽  
G93a Sod1

In this work we compared the mutated liver copper zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (SOD1) protein G93A of the transgenic rat model of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS), to wild-type (WT) rat SOD1. We examined their enzymatic activities and effects on isometric contractions of uteri of healthy virgin rats. G93A SOD1 showed a slightly higher activity than WT SOD1 and, in contrast to WT SOD1, G93A SOD1 did not induce smooth muscle relaxation. This result indicates that effects on smooth muscles are not related to SOD1 enzyme activity and suggest that heterodimers of G93A SOD1 form an ion-conducting pore that diminishes the relaxatory effects of SOD1. We propose that this type of pathogenic feedback affects neurons in FALS.

Cholinergic reactivity of tracheal smooth muscle after infection with feline herpesvirus I

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1953-1960 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Killingsworth ◽  
N. E. Robinson ◽  
T. Adams ◽  
R. K. Maes ◽  
C. Berney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Tracheal Ring ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Airway Caliber ◽  
Feline Herpesvirus

Airway responsiveness was studied in cats 3 or 6 days after exposure to feline herpesvirus I. Control cats were sham inoculated with tissue culture media. Intrathoracic airway caliber was evaluated by pulmonary resistance (RL) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn). Trachealis shortening was quantitated with microfoil strain gauges, which measured the external diameter of tracheal ring 4. Airway smooth muscle contraction was produced using vagal stimulation and local infusion of acetylcholine. The diameter of tracheal ring 4 decreased with increasing frequency of vagal stimulation, and there was more constriction at 3 (PID3) than at 6 days postinfection (PID6) or in control cats. RL increased and Cdyn tended to decrease with increasing frequency of stimulation, but there was no difference between control and infected cats. Infected and control cats did not differ in their response to locally infused acetylcholine. Virus was consistently cultured from conjunctival, nasal, and oral mucous membranes, trachea, and main stem bronchi at PID3 but not from the trachea and main stem bronchi at PID6. Virus was never isolated distal to the main stem bronchi. Tracheal hyperresponsiveness to vagal stimulation correlates with the presence of virus at PID3 and is apparently presynaptic in origin.

PKC δ-isoform translocation and enhancement of tonic contractions of gastrointestinal smooth muscle

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (3) ◽  
pp. G887-G898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel P. Poole ◽  
John B. Furness
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Guinea Pig Ileum ◽  
Tonic Component ◽  
Gastrointestinal Smooth Muscle ◽  
Immunohistochemical Evidence

PKC is involved in mediating the tonic component of gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction in response to stimulation by agonists for G protein-coupled receptors. Here, we present pharmacological and immunohistochemical evidence indicating that a member of the novel PKC isoforms, PKC-δ, is involved in maintaining muscarinic receptor-coupled tonic contractions of the guinea pig ileum. The tonic component of carbachol-evoked contractions was enhanced by an activator of conventional and novel PKCs, phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu; 200 nM or 1 μM), and by an activator of novel PKCs, ingenol 3,20-dibenzoate (IDB; 100 or 500 nM). Enhancement was unaffected by concentrations of bisindolylmaleimide I (BIM-I; 22 nM) that block conventional PKCs or by a PKC-ε-specific inhibitor peptide but was attenuated by higher doses of BIM-I (2.2 μM). Relevant proteins were localized at a cellular and subcellular level using confocal analysis. Immunohistochemical staining of the ileum showed that PKC-δ was exclusively expressed in smooth muscles distributed throughout the layers of the gut wall. PKC-ε immunoreactivity was prominent in enteric neurons but was largely absent from smooth muscle of the muscularis externa. Treatment with PDBu, IDB, or carbachol resulted in a time- and concentration-dependent translocation of PKC-δ from the cytoplasm to filamentous structures within smooth muscle cells. These were parallel to, but distinct from, actin filaments. The translocation of PKC-δ in response to carbachol was significantly reduced by scopolamine or calphostin C. The present study indicates that the tonic carbachol-induced contraction of the guinea pig ileum is mediated through a novel PKC, probably PKC-δ.

scholarly journals Effects of Aqueous Extract of Curcuma Longa Rhizome On Motility of Isolated Rabbit Jejunum

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
B Umaru
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Rabbit Jejunum

Turmeric (curcuma longa) is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial plant of the ginger family and the order Zingerberales. It is widely cultivated and used in the treatment of various ailments. In this study, the effect of aqueous extract of C. longa on isolated rabbit jejunum was investigated in vitro using Physiograph (Meditech, India). The rhizome of Curcumin was extracted using Soxhlet extraction method and distilled water was used as a solvent. The elemental analysis was determined using AAS and the result revealed the presence of Potassium, Magnesium, Iron and Nitrogen. The percentage concentrations of trace elements in the aqueous Curcumin rhizome were within the WHO standard limit. The aqueous extract at concentration tested (100 mg/ml) significantly decreased (p<0.05) jejunum smooth muscle contraction. Addition of Atropine (1mM) or Propranolol (1mM) further decreased the amplitude of jejunum smooth muscle contraction. Curcumin rhizome (100 mg/ml) blocked contraction induced by Ach (0.001μg/ml). The result of this work has shown that rhizome of C. longa produced jejunum smooth muscle relaxation, plant extract with antispasmodic activity may reduce gastrointestinal motility thereby delay gastric emptying and may be important in treatment of disease ailments like diarrhoea and colic.

scholarly journals Features of the bradykinin-induced contraction of the gastric smooth muscle depending on the concentration of compounds based on 3-substituted-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
P. Virych ◽  
O. Shelyuk ◽  
V. Martynyuk ◽  
V. Pavlovsky
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Contractile Activity ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Gastric Smooth Muscle ◽  
Low Concentrations

The effect of compounds based on 3-substituted-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-ones on contractile activity of smooth muscles of the rat's stomach was analyzed. Action substances MX-1626, MX-1775 for the smooth muscle contraction of like competitive inhibitor of bradykinin – des-Arg9- [Leu8]-Bradykinin acetate, which is observed as increase normalized rate of contraction with increasing of bradykinin concentration and characterized by a slowdown in the first phase of contraction. The most effective 3-subtituted 1,4-benzodiazepin-2-ones was at low concentrations of bradykinin, increasing it concentration their effect is reduced.

scholarly journals Mfge8 attenuates human gastric antrum smooth muscle contractions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Li ◽  
Ashley Olseen ◽  
Yeming Xie ◽  
Cristina Alexandru ◽  
Brian A. Perrino
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Light Chain ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Gastric Antrum ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Gastric Smooth Muscle ◽  
Milk Fat Globule ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contractions

AbstractCoordinated gastric smooth muscle contraction is critical for proper digestion and is adversely affected by a number of gastric motility disorders. In this study we report that the secreted protein Mfge8 (milk fat globule-EGF factor 8) inhibits the contractile responses of human gastric antrum muscles to cholinergic stimuli by reducing the inhibitory phosphorylation of the MYPT1 (myosin phosphatase-targeting subunit 1) subunit of MLCP (myosin light chain phosphatase), resulting in reduced LC20 (smooth muscle myosin regulatory light chain 2) phosphorylation. We show that endogenous Mfge8 is bound to its receptor, α8β1 integrin, in human gastric antrum muscles, suggesting that human gastric antrum muscle mechanical responses are regulated by Mfge8. The regulation of gastric antrum smooth muscles by Mfge8 and α8 integrin functions as a brake on gastric antrum mechanical activities. Further studies of the role of Mfge8 and α8 integrin in regulating gastric antrum function will likely reveal additional novel aspects of gastric smooth muscle motility mechanisms.

Myosin phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and regulation of airway smooth muscle contractility

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. L1-L14 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. de Lanerolle ◽  
R. J. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Airway Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Energy Transduction ◽  
Signal Integration ◽  
Myosin Phosphorylation

Airway smooth muscles contract due to the activation of a highly sophisticated signal transduction mechanism. Signal transduction in muscle must include 1) a mechanism for converting chemical energy (i.e., ATP) into mechanical work (energy transduction) and 2) a mechanism for integrating the response to multiple stimuli (signal integration). In smooth and striated muscles, ATP hydrolysis due to the cyclic interaction of actin and myosin is the final site for both energy transduction and signal integration. There is growing consensus that this interaction in smooth muscles is regulated by the phosphorylation/dephosphorylation of the 20-kDa light chain of smooth muscle myosin. By phosphorylation/dephosphorylation we mean the enzyme-catalyzed transfer of the terminal phosphate of ATP to a serine or threonine residue on a protein, by a class of enzymes known as protein kinases, with the formation of a covalent phosphoester linkage and the enzyme-catalyzed removal of the phosphate group by phosphoprotein phosphatases. Smooth muscles contain many protein kinases and phosphatases, and the research emphasis on the regulation of smooth muscle contraction has focused on how these enzymes act individually and in concert to regulate the actin-myosin interaction. This review will describe the biochemical and physiological experiments that have been performed to understand the role of myosin phosphorylation/dephosphorylation in regulating smooth muscle contraction. Although data from studies on vascular and other smooth muscles will be summarized, this review will focus on studies performed on airway smooth muscle. More detailed reviews of studies on nonairway smooth muscles can be found in Refs. 47 and 79.

Different Inhibitory Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on T- and L-type Voltage-dependent Ca2+Channels in Porcine Tracheal and Bronchial Smooth Muscles

2001 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michiaki Yamakage ◽  
Xiangdong Chen ◽  
Naoki Tsujiguchi ◽  
Yasuhiro Kamada ◽  
Akiyoshi Namiki
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Cells ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Muscle Cells ◽  
Volatile Anesthetics ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Bronchial Smooth Muscle ◽  
Voltage Dependent

Background The distal airway is more important in the regulation of airflow resistance than is the proximal airway, and volatile anesthetics have a greater inhibitory effect on distal airway muscle tone. The authors investigated the different reactivities of airway smooth muscles to volatile anesthetics by measuring porcine tracheal or bronchial (third to fifth generation) smooth muscle tension and intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and by measuring inward Ca2+ currents (ICa) through voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels (VDCs). Methods Intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ was monitored by the 500-nm light emission ratio of Ca2+ indicator fura-2. Isometric tension was measured simultaneously. Whole-cell patch clamp recording techniques were used to investigate the effects of volatile anesthetics on ICa in dispersed smooth muscle cells. Isoflurane (0-1.5 minimum alveolar concentration) or sevoflurane (0-1.5 minimum alveolar concentration) was introduced into a bath solution. Results The volatile anesthetics tested had greater inhibitory effects on carbachol-induced bronchial smooth muscle contraction than on tracheal smooth muscle contraction. These inhibitory effects by the anesthetics on muscle tension were parallel to the inhibitory effects on [Ca2+]i. Although tracheal smooth muscle cells had only L-type VDCs, some bronchial smooth muscle cells (approximately 30%) included T-type VDC. Each of the two anesthetics significantly inhibited the activities of both types of VDCs in a dose-dependent manner; however, the anesthetics had greater inhibitory effects on T-type VDC activity in bronchial smooth muscle. Conclusions The existence of the T-type VDC in bronchial smooth muscle and the high sensitivity of this channel to volatile anesthetics seem to be, at least in part, responsible for the different reactivities to the anesthetics in tracheal and bronchial smooth muscles.

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