scholarly journals Relaxation Effect of Extract Ethanol Curcuma Longa on Isolated Guine Pig Trachea

2021 ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
Hidayati Yanita ◽  
Chrismis Novalinda Ginting ◽  
Linda Chiuman ◽  
Sahna Ferdinand
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder

Aims: Asthma is a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease which is a world health problem that is not only infected in developed countries but also in developing countries. According to the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program (NAEPP), asthma can be defined as a chronic inflammatory disorder that occurs in the airways, which involves inflammatory cells. curcumin reduces allergic airway inflammation in mice through inhibition of a specific pathway aimed at investigating the anti-inflammatory effect of curcumin in acute allergic asthma and its underlying mechanisms in mice. Study Design: This study is experimental study. Methodology: The experimental animals were divided into 2 groups, each group consisting of 4 animals. Group 1 gave theophline as a positive control group and group 2 was given extracts with concentrations (1 mg / ml, 2 mg / ml, 3 mg / ml, 4 mg / ml, 5 mg / ml, 6 mg / ml, 7 mg / ml and 8 mg / ml). These animals are acclimatized for 1 (one) week with the aim of homogenizing their food and life with the same conditions so that they are considered eligible for research. Results: The ethanol extract of curcuma longa has no different ability from atropine sulfate 1 x 10-6 M in reducing the smooth muscle contraction of isolated guinea pig tracheal induced by acetylcholine, the strength of acetylcholine without incubation contraction compared to acetylcholine with EETH incubation showed statistically different results (p<0.05). Conclusion: The mechanism of the relaxing effect of curcuma longa on isolated mouse smooth muscle is mediated through inhibition of the PDE enzyme.

scholarly journals Effects of Curcuma Longa Ethanol Extract on Isolated Guinea Pigthile Smooth Muscle in Acetylcholine Induction

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Zheng Yuebin ◽  
Florenly ◽  
Liena ◽  
Fioni
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Smooth Muscles ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Tracheal Ring ◽  
Main Compound

Epidemiological studies show that nearly 20% of the world's population suffers from diseases related to allergies and asthma. The main compound of turmeric is curcumin has several pharmacological properties, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory, asthma treatment. The study aimed to determine the effects of ethanol extract Curcuma longa on the smooth muscle of the isolated guinea pigtic trachea in acetylcholine induction. This research method was experimental to observe the relationship of Curcuma longa ethanol extract (EECL) to the relaxing effects of isolated smooth muscle trachea marmot (tracheal ring chain) inserted into a bath organ filled with Kreb's physiological fluid by maintaining a temperature of 35-370C and associated with a Matlab recorder. Samples used by male guinea pigs and ethanol extract Curcuma longa (EECL). The results of the study that ethanol extract Curcuma longa has a relaxing effect on the smooth muscles of the trachea isolated from the experimental rats contracted with acetylcholine. Ethanol extract Curcuma longa has the ability not dising from theophylline 2 x 10-4 M in reducing smooth muscle contraction of insulated Cavia porcelain trachea induced by acetylcholine, acetylcholine strength without incubation contraction compared to acetylcholine with EECL incubation showed statistically different results (p <0.05). The mechanism of Curcuma longa relaxation effect on isolated guinea pig smooth muscle is mediated through inhibition of the enzyme PDE.

scholarly journals Expressions of TOLL-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)/Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) in pulmonary blood vessels with chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and their relationships with pulmonary vascular remodelling

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Cheng Yu ◽  
Jin-Peng Cong ◽  
Li-Yun Mi
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase ◽  
Tissue Inhibitor Of Metalloproteinase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Vascular Remodelling ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9 ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Remodelling

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aims at investigating the expressions of TOLL-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) and matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)/ tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) in pulmonary blood vessels with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their relationships with pulmonary vascular remodelling (PVR). METHODS: 60 para-tumour tissues were divided into the COPD group and the control group (n=30); the inflammations, pulmonary artery wall area/total artery area (WA%), and wall thickness/vascular outer diameter (WT%) were compared. The expressions of TLR-4, MMP-9/TIMP-1, and PCNA in pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells were detected, and their relationships with PVR were then analysed. RESULTS: The inflammations (1.6±0.8), WA% (44.0±6.4), and WT% (27.3±3.3) in the COPD group were higher than in the control group (0.3±0.5, 26.1±2.8, 15.6±1.8), and the expressions of TLR-4 (31.4±147) and MMP-9/TIMP-1 (2.2±2.6) were increased compared to the control group (4.7±4.5, 1.9±12). Correlation analysis: TLR-4 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 were positively correlated with the inflammations (r=0.18, P<0.01), WA% (r=0.68, P<0.01), and WT% (r=0.73, P<0.01), as well as positively correlated with the expression of PCNA (r=0.44, P<0.01); the upregulation of TLR-4 was positively correlated with the expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1. CONCLUSIONS: The upregulation of TLR-4 in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells of COPD patients could promote the inflammations and the MMP-9 expression, thus causing abnormal degradation of extracellular matrix, so it played an important role in the process of PVR.

scholarly journals Differences in Erythrocyte Magnesium Levels between Men with Schizophrenia Treated with Risperidone and Haloperidol in Prof. Dr. M Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital Medan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (T3) ◽  
pp. 186-192
Author(s):  
Ihsan Fadhilah ◽  
Bahagia Loebis ◽  
Muhammad Surya Husada ◽  
Nazli Mahdinasari Nasution ◽  
Elmeida Effendy
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Hospital ◽  
Glutamate Release ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Body ◽  
World Health ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intracellular Magnesium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The World

BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia according to the world health organization is one of the top ten causes of disability in developed countries around the world. Because of the severity, chronicity, and prevalence of schizophrenia, it has a very large economic burden. Magnesium is a micronutrient needed by the body which can affect mental health. Erythrocyte magnesium levels are considered more sensitive than serum magnesium levels to reflect intracellular magnesium status. AIM: The objective of the study was to determine the differences in erythrocyte magnesium levels between men with schizophrenia who received risperidone and haloperidol treatment at Prof. Dr. M Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital, Medan. METHODS: This study is an intention to treat and is an experimental pre-test and post-test that compares two groups, namely the intervention group and the control group. The sampling method is non-probability sampling with a consecutive sampling type. The research was conducted at Prof. Dr. M. Ildrem Psychiatric Hospital Medan between July and October 2019. The subjects of the study were 60 men with schizophrenia, namely, 30 who received risperidone and 30 who received haloperidol. RESULTS: There was a difference in the levels of male erythrocyte magnesium with schizophrenia who received risperidone and haloperidol between the initial week and the third week with a value of p = 0.007. Where there was a higher increase in the haloperidol group which showed a significant difference, namely, p < 0.05. CONCLUSION: The increase in magnesium levels will improve the symptoms of schizophrenia where magnesium activity decreases glutamate release associated with N-Methyl D-Aspartate receptors and results in the activity of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic system.

scholarly journals FOXO3a Gene Polymorphism Associated with Asthma in Indian Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shravani Barkund ◽  
Tejas Shah ◽  
Nikhil Ambatkar ◽  
Maithili Gadgil ◽  
Kalpana Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Indian Population ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder delineated by a heightened immunological response due to environmental or genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphism studies have shown that FOXO3a plays a pivotal role in maintaining immunoregulation. Polymorphism in FOXO3a has been linked to inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Crohn’s disease suggesting that FOXO3a may be associated with asthma. Airway inflammation in asthma is characterized by activation of T helper type 2 (Th2) T cells and Foxo family members are reported to play critical roles in the suppression of T cell activation. Thus this study was undertaken to investigate an association between single nucleotide polymorphism of the FOXO3a (rs13217795, C>T transition) gene and asthma in Indian population. To our knowledge we are the first ones reporting an association between FOXO3a and asthma.

The Influence of Rheumatoid Arthritis on Work Productivity among a Sample of Iraqi Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Faiq Isho Gorial ◽  
Sattar Jabbar Naema ◽  
Hameed Oda Ali ◽  
Saad Abdulrahman Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Daily Life Activities ◽  
Rheumatology Unit ◽  
Medical City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Control Study

Background: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disorder that impact daily life activities. The impact on work productivity is critical because of persistent work disability. Aim: To evaluate work productivity in RA patients compared to healthy controls, and to assess the impact of socio-demographic characteristics on work productivity. Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at the Rheumatology Unit of Baghdad Teaching Hospital, Medical City during the period from August 2020 to the end of March 2021. Seventy-two patients with RA were selected and compared with 72 healthy subjects as a control group. All patients were diagnosed according to ACR/EULAR 2010 RA classification criteria. The socio-demographic and clinical features, lifestyle practices, and disease activity of the patients and controls were all recorded during interviews. A standardized Arabic version of the Workplace Activity Limitation Scale (WALS) and the Job Limitations Questionnaire were used to assess the impact of RA on work productivity (WLQ-25). Results: The vast majority of patients were females (58.1%). Positive rheumatoid factor was reported in 94.4% of the patients. The patients showed a significantly lower WALS total score and higher WLQ-25 total score median (IQR) compared with controls. Conclusion: Active RA impairs the work productivity which was influenced by CDAI score and negatively associated with the use of DMARDs.

Antidiarrheal Activity of Ethanol Extract of Ophioglossum Vulgatum In Mice And Spasmolytic Effect on Smooth Muscle Contraction of Isolated Jejunum In Rabbits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianwu Zhang ◽  
Lan Yang ◽  
Yingying Fang ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Chunxia Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Antidiarrheal Activity

Abstract BackgroundOphioglossum vulgatum Linn. (Ophioglossaceae) (OV), which is traditionally used on wounds and burns, enjoys a reputation as the king of medicine in Taiwan. There are few studies on its role in gastrointestinal diseases. Our aim was to assess the antidiarrheal and spasmolytic effect of the ethanol whole plant extract of Ophioglossum vulgatum (EWOV).MethodsStudy was conducted from June 2018 to July 2019. The chemical constituents of EWOV were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vivo, the antidiarrheal activity of EWOV (125, 250 and 500 mg/kg; orally) in castor oil-induced Kun Ming mice was evaluated. In vitro, the effect of EWOV (0.01-10 mg/mL) on the spontaneous contraction of isolated rabbit jejunum smooth muscle was studied. Verapamil was the positive control group in both vivo and vitro studies. The jejunum stripes were pre-contracted by ACh (10-5 M) and KCl (60 mM) which could induce the jejunum spasm. The possible spasmolytic effect was analyzed in the pretreatment of the jejunum preparations with EWOV (0.3, 1 mg/mL) or verapamil (0.03, 0.1 µM) in Ca2+-free and high-K+ (60 mM) solution containing EDTA.ResultsEWOV (250 and 500 mg/kg) exhibited antidiarrheal effect. EWOV (0.01-10 mg/mL) inhibited the spontaneous and ACh/KCl-induced contraction with an EC50 value of 1.46 (0.89-2.04), 1.06 (0.63-1.48) and 0.48 (0.29-0.67), and it shifted the concentration-response curves of CaCl2 to right with decreased in max, similar to verapamil. ConclusionsEWOV has significant antidiarrheal and spasmolytic effect, possibly by mediating calcium channel blocking activity, this provides the pharmacological basis for use in gastrointestinal disorders.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ethanol Extract Turmeric Rhizome (Curcuma Longa) to Histologycal Structure of Rat Rectum Induced Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Lidia Maziyyatun Nikmah ◽  
Susantin Fajariyah ◽  
M. Mahriani
Keyword(s):  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Negative Control Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dextran Sodium Sulphate ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Group 1

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) is a plant that people use as a traditional medicine to treat some diseases such as: anti-inflammatory, antidiarrhea, antioxidants, hepatoprotector, and others. One of the main chemical compounds contained in turmeric and has a role as anti-inflammatory is curcumin. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ethanol extract of turmeric rhizome (Curcuma longa) on the histologycal structure of rat rectum induced by Dextran Sodium Sulphate (DSS). Wistar strain rats was divided into three groups: negative control group, positive control group (1% DSS), and DSS treatment group 1% + ethanol extract of turmeric rhizome dose 200mg/KgBB. DSS is given ad libitum, while ethanol extract of turmeric rhizome is given orally. We used paraffin method and Haematoxilyn Eosin staining to make the preparation organ. The data were analyzed using One Way ANOVA test, Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) test, and correlation test. The result of this study is DSS administration has an effect on decreasing average of crypt, number of Goblet cell, and depletion of rectal mucous layer. While treatment of extract turmeric rhizome can increase height of crypt and number of Goblet cell in rectal mucosal layer of rat. Keywords: Exctract of turmeric rhizome, DSS, rectum, Rattus norvegicus

scholarly journals Adverse Effect of Aerosol Pesticide on Lung Dysfunction amongPaddy Farmers in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fajaria Nurcandra ◽  
Renti Mahkota ◽  
Tri Yunis Miko Wahyono
Keyword(s):  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
World Health ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Lung Dysfunction

The World Health Organization estimated that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) will be the highest non-communicable disease worldwide by2030, and pesticide exposure is one of major risk factors. This study aimed to determine effect of pesticide exposure on lung dysfunction among paddyfarmers. A case-control study was performed on April - May 2016 in Purworejo. The case group comprised 66 farmers suffering from lung dysfunction during2015 based on medical records, while the control group comprised 59 neighboring farmers showing normal lung function. Both case and control groups weretested using a spirometer and COPD assessment test (CAT) questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis of pesticide quantity (OR = 0.75; 95% CI = 0.317 -1.754) and duration of spraying (OR = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.430 - 2.891) adjusted for confounders showed no clear associations. Pesticide remained a potentialhealth risk for lung dysfunction due to farming duration (OR = 5.61; 95% CI = 1.124 - 27.990) adjusted by age, personal protective equipment, records of lungdisease, smoking habit, dust exposure, and indoor air pollution. The farming duration was revealed to be a risk factor, but no clear association was found between quantity and duration of spraying to lung dysfunction.

scholarly journals Anti-Dislipidemia Effectiveness Test of Turmeric Ethanol Extract (Curcuma Longa) in Male Wistar Mice Given a High-Fat Diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
Wang Lei ◽  
Florenly ◽  
Liena ◽  
Fioni
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Herbal Products ◽  
Main Compound

Dyslipidemia is a condition of increasing levels of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), cholesterol in the blood, or triglycerides in the blood that can be accompanied by a decrease in levels of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL). Herbal products have been used since long ago in the medical world, one of which is curcuma longa root. The main compound of turmeric is curcumin which can lower cholesterol levels due to inhibiting cholesterol reabsorbtion from the outside and increase the enzyme HmgCoA reductase inhibitor so that fat synthesis can run properly. The purpose of this study was to find out the effectiveness of turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) as an anti-dyslipidemia in male wistar rats given a high-fat diet. This experimental study with the pre-test and post-test group only control design approach was conducted in January 2021, at the Herbarium Medanese FMIPA USU. The size of the sample was calculated by Federer's formula, with at least 4 mice in each treatment group. The results and conclusions of turmeric ethanol (Curcuma Longa) III (150.20 ± 0.90 mg/dl) significantly decreased total cholesterol compared to the control group (177.50 ± 6.02mg/dl) (P value < 0.05). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III (110.00 (109-112) mg/dl) may significantly lower triglyceride levels compared to the control group (166.50 (160-175) mg/dl), (value P = 0.024). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III (66.50 ± 1.25 mg/dl) significantly lowered LDL levels compared to the control group (106.20 ± 3.50 mg/dl), (P value < 0.05). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III, (60.00 (59-61) mg/dl) can significantly increase HDL levels compared to the control group (27.00 (33-39) mg/dl), (Value P = 0.024). Turmeric ethanol extract (Curcuma Longa) III significantly lowered SGOT (Value = 0.024) and SGPT (Value P < 0.05) compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Antikejang Ekstrak Etanol Daun Titanus (Leea Aequata L.) Terhadap Ileum Marmut Terpisah (Cavia Porcellus) Secara In Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 320-330
Author(s):  
Erikson Sinaga ◽  
Nahitma Ginting ◽  
Edy Suwarso
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Smooth Muscle Contraction ◽  
Atropine Sulfate ◽  
Smooth Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Organ Bath

Titanus (Leea aequata L.) merupakan tumbuhan dari suku leeaceae yang digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional di daerah Tanah Karo, Provinsi Sumatera utara, sebagai obat luka dan obat anti tetanus. Salah satu tanda utama dari penyakit tetanus adalah spasme otot atau kejang disebagian atau seluruh tubuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek antikejang berupa relaksasi dari ekstrak etanol daun titanus terhadap kontraksi ileum marmut terisolasi yang dikontrasikan dengan asetilkolin. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara in vitro menggunakan alat organ bath. Tahapan penelitian adalah persiapan bahan dan pengujian efek relaksasi ileum terpisah. Parameter yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah relaksasi otot polos ileum terpisah. Sebelum dilakukan pengujian, ileum marmut terpisah diekuilibrasi selama 45 menit sampai diperoleh kondisi yang stabil didalam larutan tyrode dengan suhu 37o C yang diaerasi dengan gas karbogen (O2:CO2) 95% : 5%. Pengujian efek relaksasi dilakukan setelah ileum marmut dikontraksi dengan asetilkolin, kemudian masing masing ileum diberikan konsentrasi kumulatif ekstrak daun titanus dan atropin sulfat . Hasil pengujian yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa pemberian ekstrak etanol daun titanus memiliki efek relaksasi. Ekstrak etanol daun titanus pada konsentrasi 2,5mg/ml (105,4203±2,9151) mempunyai kemampuan yang tidak berbeda dengan atropin sulfat 1 x 10-5 (113,9796±4,5825) dalam menurunkan kontraksi otot polos ileum yang diinduksi oleh asetilkolin 1,889 x 10-4 M (p>0,005). Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun titanus mempunyai efek relaksasi terhadap otot polos ileum terpisah dengan kemampuan yang tidak jauh berbeda dengan atropin sulfat. Titanus (Leeaaequata L.) is a plant from Leeaceae family used in traditional medication in Tanah Karo, North Sumatera as wound and anti-tetanus medicine. One of the main signs of tetanus is muscle spasm or seizure in some or all parts of body. This research aimed to evaluatethe anti-seizure effect of titanus leaves ethanol extractsuch as relaxation isolated ileum of marmot which was contacted with acetylcholine. This research was conducted byin vitro studyusing organ bath instrument. The stages of this research were the material preparation and isolated ileum relaxation effect evaluation. The parameter measured in this research was the isolated ileum smooth muscle relaxation. Before the test, isolated marmot ileum was equilibrated for 45 minutes until the stable condition in tyrode solution was obtained at 37°C temperature which aerated with carbogen gas (O2:CO2) 95%:5%. The relaxation effect test was conducted aftermarmot ileum was contracted with acetylcholine, and then, titanus leaves extract and atropine sulfate were added to each ileumswith cumulative concentration. The result indicated that the titanus leaves ethanol extract had relaxation effect. Titanus Leaves ethanol extract in 2.5 mg/ml concentration (105.4203±2.9151) had the same ability as atropine sulfate 1x10-5 (113.9796±4.5825)in decreasing the ileum smooth muscle contraction induced with acetylcholine 1.889x10-4 M (p>0.005).It could be concluded that titanus leaves ethanol extract hasrelaxation effect to isolated ileum smooth muscle and it was not so different with atropine sulfate.

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