scholarly journals Zarudny Sergiy Ivanovych (1821-1887) - Ukrainian and Russian lawyer, statesman of the Russian Empire

10.33287/1194 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 36-49
Author(s):  
І. С. Міронова
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Work ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The article is devoted to the way of life of a famous statesman of the Russian Empire, a Ukrainian of descent, a lawyer, one of the main founders of the court reform and a leader of peasant reforms of the second half of the XIX century, an interpreter, secret counselor Serhiy Ivanovych Zarudnyy. His origin, pedigree, civil service in the Ministry of Justice, in the State Chancellery, in the State Council, as a senator was studied. Attention was paid to his work in the commissions for the preparation of judicial reform, the development of the «Basic Provisions for the Transformation of the Judiciary in Russia» and the Judicial Statutes, which were approved in 1864. His role was proved in the creation of the world justice system, in the introduction of jury and the institute of attorneys in the Russian judicial system, in approving the principles of publicity, immediacy, and adversarial proceedings. Considerable attention is focused on the role of the statesman in the development of reform projects on the elimination of serfdom 1861. A special place is dedicated to the scientific work of S. Zarudnyy, in particular to his monographs, articles, a collection of materials on judicial reform entitled «The Case Зарудний of the Transformation of the Judiciary in Russia», organized in 74 volumes. It was noted that for his juridical and scientific work, contemporaries and biographers of S. Zarudnyy called him «the luminary of our judicial world», «leading figure of judicial reform», «father» and «soul» of the case of concluding judicial charters. The article substantiates the conclusion that S. Zarudnyy laid down the democratic principles of the judicial system and legal proceedings in the Russian Empire with his activities.

Historical and Legal Research of the Bases of Organization and Functioning of Judicial Authority in Crimea in the Composition of the Russian Empire (late XVIII – Beginning of XX Centuries)

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
M. S. Kiyan ◽  
◽  
T. V. Khutko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
High Level

In the Russian Federation, one of the priority vectors of the development of the state is to improve the quality of justice, the guarantee of which is the effective judicial system. For the most optimal mode of functioning of the judicial system, an understanding of the main trends in its development is necessary, which requires a high level of generalization and scientific potentiation of the foundations of the organization and functioning of the judiciary, and is possible only if all previous stages of its development are analyzed. The main objective of the study: 1) determine the features of the development of the judicial policy of the Russian Empire in the regions, in particular in the Crimea; 2) to trace the evolution of the judicial system in the Crimea during its stay in the Russian Empire. When writing the work, methods of scientific research were used: dialectical, historical-legal, formal-legal, systemic, comparative-legal, historical periodization, diachronous, institutional-legal. The main results and conclusions of the study can be defined as: 1) judicial reform was a priority in the state legal policy of the Russian Empire at the end of the XVIII – early XX centuries; 2) the author's periodization of the reform of the judicial system in the Crimea. Such a consistent consideration of the organization and functioning of the judiciary allows for its comprehensive study as a historical phenomenon with its own genesis of organization and activity The article is of high scientific value, since it is the first generalizing study in the historical and legal literature devoted to the problems of the formation, development and modernization of the judiciary in Crimea as part of the Russian Empire (1783–1917), in which it was first used that were not previously included in the scientific circulation Sources of the State Archive of the Republic of Crimea of the Russian Federation.

History of the state and law of Russia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Smykalin ◽  
Tat'yana Bazhenova ◽  
Natal'ya Zipunnikova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The second part of the anthology contains legal acts published in the XIX century: extracts from the Code of laws of the Russian Empire, acts of peasant, judicial reform, University Charter, provisions of the 80-90-ies of the XIX century and other materials. The documents are arranged in chronological order.

scholarly journals Metropolitan Filaret of Moscow and Kolomna (Drozdov): formation and features of state-legal views. XIX century

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Lushin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Original State ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The article examines the original state-legal views of one of the most prominent hierarchs of the Russian Orthodox Church, Metropolitan Filaret (Drozdov), regarding the form of the state, the system of law, the judicial system and judicial proceedings of the Russian Empire in the XIX century.

scholarly journals THE VALUE OF EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS IN THE FORMATION OF THE PERSONNEL OF THE JUDICIAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY

2021 ◽  
pp. 140-144
Author(s):  
N.G. Tarakanova ◽  
F.Sh. Yambushev ◽  
T.Y. Pyatkina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Educational Qualification ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Legal Thinking ◽  
Democratic Principles ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
First Time

One of the most important provisions of the Judicial Statutes of the Russian Empire of 1864 should be recognized as the introduction of a professional educational qualification for judges of general courts, judicial investigators,prosecutors and jurors. The new educational criterion had a deeper meaning than just an element of the reformers ' personnel strategy. It allowed not only to raise the professional level of judicial officials, but also ensured the implementation of democratic principles of judicial reform, such as transparency, adversarial, oral, as well as became an incentive for the development of legal science and education, contributed to the elimination of the vices of the old judicial system. The professional educational qualification has significantly influenced the entire system of training legal personnel, led to the search for new educational models that would allow an optimal combination of obtaining theoretical knowledge that forms legal thinking and practical skills necessary for working in new judicial institutions. For the first time, the way was opened for a critical understanding of the current Russian legislation.

scholarly journals German Colonists in the Migration Policy of the Russian Autocracy (Analysis of the Laws of the Russian Empire)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 810-823
Author(s):  
Olga V. Erokhina ◽  
Olga A. Litzenberger
Keyword(s):  
Birth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
German States ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

The article traces the policy of resettlement of German nationals from German states to the southern outskirts of the Russian empire based on the analysis of legislative material. To analyze the laws of the Russian Empire, the authors use historical-comparative and historical-systemic methods. Analysis. Mostly farmers were invited to Russia. They were to contribute to the transfer of improved European agricultural practices to the Russian peasantry. However, the Russian authorities could not predict the possible consequences of inviting foreigners. Therefore, there was no clear mechanism for organizing and regulating this process. Immigrants were offered significant benefits and privileges, so they agreed to move. Over time, the overpopulation of the colonies due to the high birth rate and lack of land contributed to the beginning of migration movements of the Germans in the second quarter of the XIX century in various regions of Russia from the mother colonies. The geography of the colonists began to expand as new laws were passed that eventually regulated their way of life. They created new colonies in the image of their mothers in the Caucasus and the Don, Siberia and Central Asia. The loss of benefits and privileges led not only to an increase in migration processes among them, but also forced them to emigrate to America and even return to Germany.

scholarly journals Deputies of Vladimir Governorate in the State Duma of the Russian Empire (1906–1907)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-489
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kalyuzhnaya
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Party Affiliation ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
October 17 ◽  
Legislative Activities

The article is devoted to the activities of the deputies who represented the Vladimir Governorate in the First and Second State Dumas of the Russian Empire. The existing research base on this issue is analyzed. Special features of the local elections in the territory of the governorate are revealed. The data on the influence of the local authorities’ policy on the course of elections in the peasant curia are presented. The regional peculiarities of the tactics of individual parties (the bloc of the monarchist party and the Union of October 17) in the elections to the Second Duma are indicated. The attempts of the local authorities to disqualify the most popular opposition candidates from the elections to the Second Duma (K. Chernosvitov) are presented. The collective portrait of the Vladimir Governorate deputies is given, and the main information about their social status, age, party affiliation, and education is cited. Based on this information, the article shows the similarities and differences of the Vladimir Governorate deputies of the first and second convocations from the all-Russian indicators. The statistics on the membership of the deputies from the Vladimir Governorate in the Duma commissions are indicated, and their participation in the legislative activities of the State Duma is considered. The author highlights the key issues which were of interest to the deputies of Vladimir Governorate, such as social policy, political and civil rights, elections to the State Duma, and judicial reform. The speeches of the deputies on these issues are analyzed, and the most active parliamentarians are identified (I. Aleksinskii, K. Chernosvitov, N. Zhidelev, and M. Komissarov).

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF THE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE ON THE STATE OF MUSLIM CLERGY IN THE CENTRAL ASIAN STATES

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (08) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Nadira Makhkamova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Muslim Society ◽  
Asian Region ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Muslim Education ◽  
The Russian Empire

This article highlights the changes that took place in the state of the Muslim clergy of the Central Asian region after its conquest by the Russian Empire, and also attempts to determine whether its influence on the local population remains as strong as in previous periods. The author of the article concludes that Islam in colonial Turkestan continued to remain an influential force in Muslim society, and the influence of the Muslim clergy was equally comprehensive, despite certain changes that took place in the system of Muslim education and legal proceedings.

scholarly journals Legal foundations of charity as a civil activity in the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-46
Author(s):  
MARIA V. RATTUR
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Charitable Associations ◽  
Xix Century

The paper analyzes the significance of legal regulation of charity for the formation of elements of civil society in the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century. Legislative changes in the field of regulation of philanthropic activities are systematized. The formation of a new sphere of civic activity outside the influence of the state is considered on the example of charitable associations of the post-reform period. The legal foundations of charity are studied to identify opportunities for the development of civil activity in the Russian Empire.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document