scholarly journals Abundance of arthropod insect pests and natural enemies in rice field as influenced by rice growth stages and neighboring crops

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-319
Author(s):  
P Mukherjee ◽  
MMH Khan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Ground Beetle ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Rice Bug ◽  
Tree Habitat

Studies were conducted to record the abundance of arthropod insect pests and natural enemies in rice fields as influenced by rice growth stages and neighboring crops at the experimental farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Dumki, Patuakhali during 2012 in Boro rice season following randomized complete block design. Results indicated that rice-tree habitat showed the highest abundance of leafhoppers (100.75) followed by cricket (16.50), grasshoppers (15.25) and stink bugs (15.25). The lowest abundance of all insect pests was in rice-sesame habitat. No significant differences were found on the abundance of rice bug, rice hispa and stem borer populations. At seedling stage, the highest abundance of leafhopper (94.25) was recorded followed by grasshopper (47.00) and stink bug (26.50) while the lowest was stem borer (0.57) and rice hispa (6.00). At early tillering stage, maximum number of grasshopper (17.25) was recorded followed by cricket (7.00). At maximum tillering stage, the highest abundance of leafhoppers (122.5) was obtained followed by rice bug (62.00) and the lowest was the stink bug (7.00). At panical initiation stage, the highest abundance of rice bug (334.00) was recorded which was followed by leafhoppers (65.25) and the lowest was the cricket (15.75). No population of rice hispa and stem borer was recorded at maximum tillering and panical initiation stages. In case of natural enemies, the highest abundance of lady bird beetle (45.27) and damselfly (16.73) was found in rice-rice habitat. The highest abundance of ichneumonid wasp (57.53) was in rice-tree habitat and ground beetle (28.80) was in rice-sesame habitat. No significant differences were observed on the abundance of dragonfly, spider and dipteran fly among different habitats. Among different growth stages of rice plant, significantly the highest abundance of lady bird beetle was recorded at maximum tillering stage. The highest abundance of ichneumonid wasp and ground beetle was recorded at seedling stage. The highest abundance of damselfly, spider and dipteran fly was at early tillering stage. No significant difference was observed on the abundance of dragonfly among different rice growth stages.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 309-319, June 2017

scholarly journals Diversity of insect pests and natural enemies as influenced by growth stages and pest management practices in rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
MA Bakar ◽  
MMH Khan
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Growth Stages

In order to measure the diversity of insect pests and natural enemies in rice ecosystem, the present study was conducted in the research farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali during the period from January to June, 2012 in boro rice season. Diversity indices of insect pests and their natural enemies were found to be affected by the combined effect of rice growth stages and management practices. Diversity indices of insect pests and their natural enemies differed according to treatments and crop growth stages. In case of insect pests, the untreated control treatment showed the highest diversity index (1.67) at maximum tillering stage and spray (Bipolar 55EC @ 10 ml/10 L of water) + perching at early tillering stage also showed highest richness (26.14) and the highest evenness (0.921) in spray at seedling stage. The highest reciprocal form of Berger-Parker's Dominance index (D) was found in untreated control at maximum tillering stage (3.03) for insect pests. In case of natural enemies, perching showed the highest diversity index (1.88) at reproductive stage. Spraying of insecticide at early tillering stage also showed highest richness (5.06) and the highest evenness (0.982) was in perching at seedling stage. The highest D value was found in perching at reproductive stage (4.67) for natural enemies.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 461-470, September 2016

Status of Insect Pests and Natural Enemies of Direct Seeded and Transplanted Rice

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
K N Ashrith
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Cnaphalocrocis Medinalis ◽  
Green Leafhopper ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Rice Leaf Folder ◽  
The Status ◽  
Direct Seeded

Studies were conducted on the status of insect-pests and natural enemies of direct seeded rice (DSR) in comparison with puddled transplanted rice (PTR) during rabi and kharif in 2013-14. The rice leaf folder and yellow stem required both the seasons. Maximum leaf folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenee) (13.03%) damage and yellow stem borer damage (13.49%) of white ears was recorded during last week of October and second week of November in DSR under unprotected situation respectively. While sucking pests population mainly green leafhopper incidence was comparatively high in PTR (3.29 and 4.92/hill) also plant hoppers incidence (BPH and WBPH) (28.90 and 18.44 adults/hill) under unprotected situation during two seasons respectively. Population of predators at both the season remained high throughout the study period in PTR than the DSR except

scholarly journals Population dynamics of stem fly and defoliator pests of soybean and their natural enemies in relation to weather parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
R. Bala Muralidhar Naik ◽  
K. Vijaya Lakshmi ◽  
M. Venkataiah ◽  
C. Srinivas ◽  
G. Uma Devi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Peak Activity ◽  
Lepidopteran Insect ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
Lepidopteran Pest ◽  
Tobacco Caterpillar

The field experiment was carried out at Polasa Farm, Regional agricultural research station Jagtial during the Kharif, 2014-15 and 2015-16. Study about pre dominant lepidopteran insect –pests in soybean crop noticed that the tobacco cut worm, (Spodptera exigua Hubner), green semi looper(Crysodexis acuta Walker), and tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura Fab) along with stemfly, (Melanagromyza obtusa Zehnter) as non lepidopteran pest were noticed at various growth stages of cropgrowth. The peak activity of stem fly (37.84%) was observed during 37th standard week per meter row) for the year 2014 and for the year 2015 to a maximum infestation of 35.70 per cent during 30th std.week. The peak activity of caterpillar pests i.e., S. litura (7.6 larvae per meter row) for the year 2014 was observed during 34th std.week and for the year 2015 (12.4 per meter row during 36th std.week and C. acuta (0.7 larvae per meter row) during 36th std. week for the year 2014 and for the year 2015 (2.20 larvae/mrl on 37th std week. S. exigua (1.6 larvae per meter row) for both the years 2014 and 2015 was observed during 32th std.week Among the natural enemies, one predators namely, spiders (Oxyopes sp. was observed to prey on the insect pests.The biocontrol agent’s one species, lynx spider, Oxyopes sp. population recorded on the crop during Kharif , 2014 ranged from 0.15 to 0.40 /mrl and 0.15 to 0.60/ mrl during Kharif, 2015.

scholarly journals Relative abundance of stem borer species and natural enemies in rice ecosystem at Madhupur, Tangail, Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahaman ◽  
KS Islam ◽  
M Jahan ◽  
MAA Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Wolf Spider ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Carabid Beetle ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Stem Borers ◽  
Ladybird Beetle ◽  
Yellow Stem Borer ◽  
Mirid Bug

The relative abundance of different stem borer species and their natural enemies with interaction effects were studied at three growth stages of irrigated Boro rice at Madhupur under the district of Tangail, Bangladesh during January to April, 2013. Five stem borer species viz; Yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas), Pink stem borer (Sesamia inferens), Dark headed stem borer (Chilo polyhcrysus), Stripped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis), White stem borer (Scirpophaga innotata), and nine different natural enemies were collected from the rice fields and recorded. The population of stem borers and natural enemies was highest in tillering stage and lowest in seedling stage. The relative abundance of stem borer species under investigation showed ranking order; yellow stem borer >dark headed stem borer>pink borer>white borer>stripped stem borer and natural enemies as ladybird beetle >long jawed spider>wolf spider>damselfly>carabid beetle>green mirid bug>lynx spider>dragon fly>ear wig. Populations of all five stem borers were positively correlated with ladybird beetle, wolf spider, long jawed spider, lynx spider, damsel fly, dragon fly, green mirid bug and negatively correlated with carabid beetle and earwig.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(2): 267-272, December 2014

scholarly journals Effect of sowing dates on the populations of three major insect pests and associated natural enemies throughout the growth stages of maize plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (3 - Ahead of print) ◽  
pp. 130-144
Author(s):  
Hamdy H. Mahmoud ◽  
Soheir F. Abd El-Rahman ◽  
Magda H. Naroz ◽  
Sayeda S. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Formation Stage ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Sesamia Cretica ◽  
Maize Plants

In Egypt, maize is an important crop that is attacked by various pests. In the present study, the effect of maize planting dates on the populations of insect pests and their natural enemies were investigated throughout the growth stages of maize plants. The maize planting dates were at the beginning of May, Jun, and July in the 2019 season and were repeated in the 2020 season. Samples were collected weekly to determine the populations of the insect pests, Limothrips cerealium (Haliday, 1836), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch, 1856), and Sesamia cretica Lederer, 1857 and their natural predators. For the first sowing date, the infestation percentage of L. cerealium and S. cretica were most substantial, especially in the seedling and precorn formation stages. For the third sowing date, the number of R. maidis was most substantial, especially in the corn formation stage. Three predators were associated with these insect species; of these predators, Coccinella undecimpunctata (Linnaeus, 1758), Scymnus interruptus (Goeze, 1777), and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) were observed at the highest numbers during all sowing dates. A highly significant correlation existed between populations of S. interruptus and the three insects across the two seasons. Data suggest that the percentage of thrips, aphids, and stem borers infestations can be minimized by planting maize varieties in June.

Aboveground Arthropod Composition, Abundance and Guild Structure in Upland Rice Agro-ecosystem at Matalam, North Cotabato, Philippines

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
GINA D. BALLERAS ◽  
LEAH E. ENDONELA
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Social Wasp ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Scirpophaga Incertulas

With the recent innovations in the field of ecological pest management,conservation and enhancement of biological diversity at any rice agro-ecosystemshas received considerable attention. The composition and abundance ofaboveground arthropods was assessed on upland rice fields in Matalam, NorthCotabato, Southern Mindanao, Philippines. Sampling and monitoring was doneusing malaise trapping, sweep netting and direct counting techniques. A total of29 arthropod species belonging to 21 families in nine orders were documented.The collected samples were comprised of 40% insect pests, 53% predators and7% parasitoids. The three most abundant insect pests were rice bug (Leptocorisaoratorius), rice seedling maggot (Atherigona oryzae), and pink stemborer (Sesamia inferens). The predators are dominated by lady bird beetle (Micraspis spp.), social wasp (unknown) and long-jawed spider (Tetragnatha maxillosa). Ichneumonids,Braconids and Tachinids, though in smaller numbers, were present throughoutthe cropping season. More importantly, the study reported the presence of four rice stem borer species – Scirpophaga innotta, Scirpophaga incertulas, Sesamia infere and Chilo suppressalis and two rice grain bug species – Paraeucosmetuspallicornis and Elasmolomus sordidus in Matalam. The occurrence, compositionand abundance of insect pests and associated natural enemies vary with ricegrowth and developmental stages. The negative Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r= -0.31) between the insect pests and natural enemies was attributed to effectivecultural management practices which have been developed through decades ofsubsistence upland rice farming.Keywords: Ecology, aboveground arthropods, upland rice agro-ecosystem, sampling andmonitoring, Philippines

scholarly journals Rice insect pests and their natural enemies complex in direct seeded and transplanted rice (Oryza sativa) of Chidambaram areas of Cuddalore, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-353
Author(s):  
J Mary Lisha ◽  
R. Kanagarajan ◽  
S. Vijay ◽  
V. Baskaran
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Crop Damage ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Cereal Grain ◽  
Direct Seeded

Rice is the cereal grain that feeds half the planet. Rice fields are economically important as well as ecologically valuable. Rice fields are one of the biggest ecosystems that can be found in the tropics, including diverse insect pests and their natural enemies. In this view, rice varieties were sown in experimental plots of Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Chidambaram. The values are found significant at 5% level. To monitor the pest and natural enemies by using net sweeping and yellow pan trap method was used. The results showed that the maximum number of yellow stem borer was observed in the direct-seeded rice variety of CR Dhan 209 (7.33) and the leaf folder population was maximum in the direct-seeded rice variety of CR Dhan 204 (7.33). The peak population of grasshopper and green leafhopper was recorded in the transplanted rice variety of CR Dhan200 (11.33), CR Dhan 209 (8.00). The values were found significant at 5% level. The maximum number of Braconidae was observed in direct-seeded rice variety of CR Dhan 205 (3.66), and Ichneumonidae was recorded the highest number of direct-seeded and transplanted rice in the variety of CR Dhan 202 (3.00). The peak population of Trichogrammatidae was recorded in direct-seeded rice of CR Dhan 207 (3.66). The presence of Platygastridae was high in the transplanted rice variety of CR Dhan 201 (8.66), respectively. Among the rice ecosystems, more insect pests and crop damage were noticed in direct-seeded rice more than the transplanted rice.

scholarly journals Effects of diversifying the planting period of maize on herbivorous and their natural enemies

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gemma María Clemente-Orta ◽  
Hugo Alejandro Álvarez ◽  
Filipe Madeira ◽  
Ramon Albajes
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Predatory Insects

Knowledge of the specific insect densities during crop development is necessary to perform appropriate measures for the control of insect pests and to minimize yield losses. In a previous study, both spatial and temporal approaches were adopted to analyse the influence of landscape structure and field variables on herbivore and predatory insects on maize. Both types of variables influenced insect abundance, but the highest effect was found with maize phenology. Given that the field planting date could modulate the influence produced by the structure of the landscape on herbivores and predatory insects, analyses of population dynamics must be performed at both the local and landscape levels. The anterior prompted us to study these aspects in the two common planting periods (early and late) in northern Spain. The present study tests the hypothesis that the period of maize planting could have a higher effect than phenology or interannual variation on the abundance of natural enemies and herbivores on maize. Our results showed that only the abundances of other herbivore thrips and Syrphidae were significantly different between the two planting periods. Moreover, we found significant effects of planting period when we performed yearly analysis in 2015 for Coccinellidae and Chrysopidae and in 2016 and 2017 for Aeolothrips sp. Most of the taxa had abundance peaks in earlier growth stages, which are related to pollination (before or during), while only Stethorus punctillum and Syrphidae increased later in the season. Furthermore, Frankliniella occidentalis, aphids, Syrphidae and Coccinellidae registered higher abundances in fields sown in the late planting period than in the rest of the insect species. The results of the present study highlight the effects of sowing dates on insect dynamics in maize.

scholarly journals Tillage Intensity Influences Insect-Pest and Predator Dynamics of Wheat Crop Grown under Different Conservation Agriculture Practices in Rice-Wheat Cropping System of Indo-Gangetic Plain

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Poonam Jasrotia ◽  
Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj ◽  
Subhash Katare ◽  
Jayant Yadav ◽  
Prem Lal Kashyap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Tillage Practices

Tillage can alter the soil habitats wherein many insect pests and their natural enemies reside during at least part of their life cycle. To enhance crop productivity and reduce climate change effects, conservation agriculture (CA) with reduced-tillage or no-tillage practices have been advocated to farmers. However, information relating to the effect of CA on insect pests and their natural enemies is very scarce, at least in the Indo-Gangetic region. In this study, the effect of tillage on the abundance of, and damage by, major insect pests (foliar aphids, root aphids, termites, and pink stem borer) and their natural enemies in wheat managed under three tillage practices, i.e., zero-till (ZT), reduced tillage (RT), and conventional tillage (CT) with (protected) and without (unprotected) insecticide protection scenarios, was investigated. Foliar aphid and termite numbers were lowest in the ZT-protected system, and highest in the CT-unprotected system. Pink stem borer damage was significantly higher in the ZT-unprotected system, whereas the root aphid number was maximum in the RT-unprotected system. The natural enemies of these four major insect pests of wheat showed variable trends under the studied tillage systems. The abundance and damage of these major insect pests showed a positive correlation with the normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI) and canopy temperature. The dynamics of the insect pests and their predators were driven by soil habitat-related changes (direct) as well as crop growth-related effects (indirect). A fine-tuning of insect-pest management tactics based on these relations would enhance the success of CA systems.

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

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