scholarly journals Tomato leaf curl Patna virus causing tomato leaf curl disease in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nurul Islam ◽  
Aneesa Ansari ◽  
RH Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Monopartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Begomovirus Genome ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV) has appeared as a potential threat to the tomato production in the world. ToLCV, a member of the family Geminiviridae may contain either bipartite or monopartite genome. The genetic nature of a monopartite ToLCV isolate characterized from the tomato leaf curl diseased samples of Jamalpur district, Bangladesh (ToLCV-JB) has been reported. The products of rolling circle amplification (RCA) were digested, cloned and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed the features of begomovirus genome organization in the ToLCV-JB isolate, containing six open reading frames. BLAST analysis showed 100% sequence similarity with tomato leaf curl Patna virus (EU862323.1) and more than 80% similarity with other reported monopartite begomoviruses. Hence, the virus isolate was registered as Tomato leaf Curl Patna virus-[Bangladesh:Jamalpur:2014] isolate ToLCV-JB (Genebank Accession: KU933675.1) according to the suggestion of NCBI. Recombination analysis also did not show any genetic exchange between ToLCV-JB and ToLCV-Patna virus. Moreover, they belong to the same cluster as observed in phylogenetic analysis. The present work suggests the possibility of cross-border spread of ToLCV-Patna viruses without mutation and this could pose a threat to tomato production in Bangladesh as well as in the Asian continent.

scholarly journals Frequent occurrence of Mungbean yellow mosaic India virus in tomato leaf curl disease affected tomato in Oman

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Shahid ◽  
M. Shafiq ◽  
M. Ilyas ◽  
A. Raza ◽  
M. N. Al-Sadrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Monopartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Bipartite Begomovirus ◽  
Rolling Circle ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Next generation sequencing (NGS) of DNAs amplified by rolling circle amplification from 6 tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants with leaf curl symptoms identified a number of monopartite begomoviruses, including Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), and a betasatellite (Tomato leaf curl betasatellite [ToLCB]). Both TYLCV and ToLCB have previously been identified infecting tomato in Oman. Surprisingly the NGS results also suggested the presence of the bipartite, legume-adapted begomovirus Mungbean yellow mosaic Indian virus (MYMIV). The presence of MYMIV was confirmed by cloning and Sanger sequencing from four of the six plants. A wider analysis by PCR showed MYMIV infection of tomato in Oman to be widespread. Inoculation of plants with full-length clones showed the host range of MYMIV not to extend to Nicotiana benthamiana or tomato. Inoculation to N. benthamiana showed TYLCV to be capable of maintaining MYMIV in both the presence and absence of the betasatellite. In tomato MYMIV was only maintained by TYLCV in the presence of the betasatellite and then only at low titre and efficiency. This is the first identification of TYLCV with ToLCB and the legume adapted bipartite begomovirus MYMIV co-infecting tomato. This finding has far reaching implications. TYLCV has spread around the World from its origins in the Mediterranean/Middle East, in some instances, in live tomato planting material. The results here may suggest that begomoviruses which do not commonly infect tomato, such as MYMIV, could be spread as a passenger of TYLCV in tomato.

scholarly journals A Distinct Strain of Tomato leaf curl Sudan virus Causes Tomato Leaf Curl Disease in Oman

Plant Disease ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 97 (11) ◽  
pp. 1396-1402 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Khan ◽  
S. Akhtar ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
R. W. Briddon
Keyword(s):  
Monopartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
The North ◽  
Distinct Strain ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Tomato leaf curl disease (ToLCD) is a significant constraint for tomato production in the Sultanate of Oman. The disease in the north of the country has previously been shown to be caused by the monopartite begomoviruses (family Geminiviridae) Tomato yellow leaf curl virus and Tomato leaf curl Oman virus. Many tomato plants infected with these two viruses were also found to harbor a symptom enhancing betasatellite. Here an analysis of a virus isolated from tomato exhibiting ToLCD symptoms originating from south and central Oman is reported. Three clones of a monopartite begomovirus were obtained. One of the clones was shown to be infectious to tomato and Nicotiana benthamiana and to induce symptoms typical of ToLCD. Analysis of the cloned sequences show them to correspond to isolates of Tomato leaf curl Sudan virus (ToLCSDV), a virus that occurs in Sudan and Yemen. However, the sequences showed less than 93% nucleotide sequence identity to previously characterized ToLCSDV isolates, indicating that the viruses represent a distinct strain of the species, for which we propose the name “Oman” strain (ToLCSDV-OM). Closer analysis of the sequences showed them to differ from their closest relative, the “Tobacco” strain of ToLCSDV originating from Yemen, in three regions of the genome. This suggests that the divergence of the “Oman” and “Tobacco” strains has occurred due to recombination. Surprisingly, ToLCSDV-OM was not found to be associated with a betasatellite, even though the isolates of the other ToLCSDV strains have been shown to be. The significance of these findings and the possible reasons for the distinct geographic distributions of the tomato-infecting begomoviruses within Oman are discussed.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of a Begomovirus, α-Satellite, and β-Satellite Associated with Leaf Curl Disease of Parthenium hysterophorus in India

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 2299-2305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susheel Kumar ◽  
Ashish Srivastava ◽  
Meraj Jaidi ◽  
Puneet Singh Chauhan ◽  
S. K. Raj
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽  
Alternate Host ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Parthenium hysterophorus plants exhibiting severe leaf curl and stunting symptoms were observed near agriculture fields in Lucknow, India. The association of a begomovirus, β-satellite, and α-satellite with these symptoms of a Parthenium disease was investigated by sequence analyses of virus and satellite DNA amplified by rolling circle amplification and polymerase chain reaction. The highest sequence identities and closest phylogenetic relationships for the begomovirus, β-satellite, and α-satellite detected in P. hysterophorus plants were to Tomato leaf curl virus (ToLCV), papaya leaf curl β-satellite (PaLCuB), and Ageratum yellow vein India α-satellite (AYVIA), respectively. These findings identified the virus and satellites infecting the Parthenium sp. as ToLCV, PaLCuB, and AYVIA, respectively. P. hysterophorus and tomato seedlings infected with cloned ToLCV, PaLCuB, and AYVIA by agroinoculation developed leaf curl symptoms, whereas plants infected with ToLCV alone or with ToLCV and AYVIA developed mild yellowing. The results show that this complex infects and causes disease in P. hysterophorus and tomato. P. hysterophorus is an invasive weed commonly found around agricultural fields and along roadsides in India. These results indicate that P. hysterophorus plants infected with ToLCV and associated satellite DNA act as an alternate host (reservoir), and that could lead to increased incidence of tomato leaf curl disease.

scholarly journals Molecular and biological characterization of Chilli leaf curl virus and associated Tomato leaf curl betasatellite infecting tobacco in Oman

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shafiq Shahid ◽  
Muhammad Shafiq ◽  
Amir Raza ◽  
Abdullah M. Al-Sadi ◽  
Rob W. Briddon
Keyword(s):  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Monopartite Begomoviruses ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Universal Primers ◽  
Tobacco Plants ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Chilli Leaf Curl Virus ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background In Oman tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum; family Solanaceae) is a minor crop, which is produced only for local consumption. In 2015, tobacco plants exhibiting severe downward leaf curling, leaf thickening, vein swelling, yellowing and stunting were identified in fields of tobacco in Suhar Al-Batina region, Oman. These symptoms are suggestive of begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) infection. Methods Circular DNA molecules were amplified from total DNA extracted from tobacco plants by rolling circle amplification (RCA). Viral genomes were cloned from RCA products by restriction digestion and betasatellites were cloned by PCR amplification from RCA product, using universal primers. The sequences of full-length clones were obtained by Sanger sequencing and primer walking. Constructs for the infectivity of virus and betasatellite were produced and introduced into plants by Agrobacterium-mediated inoculation. Results The full-length sequences of 3 begomovirus and 3 betasatellite clones, isolated from 3 plants, were obtained. Analysis of the full-length sequences determined showed the virus to be a variant of Chilli leaf curl virus (ChiLCV) and the betasatellite to be a variant of Tomato leaf curl betasatellite (ToLCB). Both the virus and the betasatellite isolated from tobacco show the greatest levels of sequence identity to isolates of ChiLCV and ToLCB identified in other hosts in Oman. Additionally clones of ChiLCV and ToLCB were shown, by Agrobacterium-mediated inoculation, to be infectious to 3 Nicotiana species, including N. tabacum. In N. benthamiana the betasatellite was shown to change the upward leaf rolling symptoms to a severe downward leaf curl, as is typical for many monopartite begomoviruses with betasatellites. Conclusions The leaf curl disease of tobacco in Oman was shown to be caused by ChiLCV and ToLCB. This is the first identification of ChiLCV with ToLCB infecting tobacco. The study shows that, despite the low diversity of begomoviruses and betasatellites in Oman, the extant viruses/betasatellites are able to fill the niches that present themselves.

scholarly journals Metagenomic analyses and genetic diversity of Tomato leaf curl Arusha virus affecting tomato plants in Kenya

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Khamonya Avedi ◽  
Adedapo Olutola Adediji ◽  
Dora Chao Kilalo ◽  
Florence Mmogi Olubayo ◽  
Isaac Macharia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Virus Population ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background Tomato production is threatened worldwide by the occurrence of begomoviruses which are associated with tomato leaf curl diseases. There is little information on the molecular properties of tomato begomoviruses in Kenya, hence we investigated the population and genetic diversity of begomoviruses associated with tomato leaf curl in Kenya. Methods Tomato leaf samples with virus-like symptoms were obtained from farmers’ field across the country in 2018 and Illumina sequencing undertaken to determine the genetic diversity of associated begomoviruses. Additionally, the occurrence of selection pressure and recombinant isolates within the population were also evaluated. Results Twelve complete begomovirus genomes were obtained from our samples with an average coverage of 99.9%. The sequences showed 95.7–99.7% identity among each other and 95.9–98.9% similarities with a Tomato leaf curl virus Arusha virus (ToLCArV) isolate from Tanzania. Analysis of amino acid sequences showed the highest identities in the regions coding for the coat protein gene (98.5–100%) within the isolates, and 97.1–100% identity with the C4 gene of ToLCArV. Phylogenetic algorithms clustered all Kenyan isolates in the same clades with ToLCArV, thus confirming the isolates to be a variant of the virus. There was no evidence of recombination within our isolates. Estimation of selection pressure within the virus population revealed the occurrence of negative or purifying selection in five out of the six coding regions of the sequences. Conclusions The begomovirus associated with tomato leaf curl diseases of tomato in Kenya is a variant of ToLCArV, possibly originating from Tanzania. There is low genetic diversity within the virus population and this information is useful in the development of appropriate management strategies for the disease in the country.

Performance of Some Cultivars of Tomato Against Tomato Leaf Curl Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-530
Author(s):  
Afia Akhtar . ◽  
M. A. Rahman khokon . ◽  
Bimal Kumar Pramanik . ◽  
M. Ashrafuzzaman .
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

Association of chili leaf curl betasatellite with tomato leaf curl disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 (6) ◽  
pp. 402-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Qasim Aslam ◽  
Khalid P. Akhtar ◽  
Mohy-u-Din Akram ◽  
Muhammad Y. Saleem ◽  
Nighat Sarwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Chili Leaf Curl Betasatellite ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

scholarly journals A New Begomovirus Species Causing Tomato Leaf Curl Disease in Varanasi, India

Plant Disease ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Chakraborty ◽  
P. K. Pandey ◽  
M. K. Banerjee ◽  
G. Kalloo ◽  
C. M. Fauquet
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Clone ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Degenerate Primers ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curling ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl Disease ◽  
Leaf Curl

In November 2001, a leaf curl disease of tomato, manifested by yellowing of leaf lamina, upward leaf curling, leaf distortion, shrinking of leaf surface, and stunted plant growth was observed in tomato-growing areas in the Varanasi and Mirzapur districts of eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, which caused yield losses up to 100%. The causal agent was infective to tomato cv. Punjab Chuhara by whiteflies and grafting. Inoculated plants developed symptoms observed in naturally infected tomatoes. Viral DNA was isolated from artificially inoculated tomato plants using 1% CTAB (2) followed by a concentration of supercoiled DNA by alkaline denaturation (1). A geminivirus was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction using DNA-A degenerate primers (3), and a 550-bp amplified product was obtained from artificially and naturally infected plants. Full-length viral genomes of DNA-A and DNA-B were cloned in plasmid pUC18 at HindIII and XbaI sites, respectively. Partial tandem dimers of the viral clones were infective to Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato cv. Organ Spring through particle bombardment. Infected N. benthamiana plants exhibited downward and upward leaf curling, big veins, leaf puckering with interveinal chlorosis, and stunting. On tomato, symptoms were the same as those seen on naturally infected plants. Cloned DNA also infected Capsicum annuum cv. California Wonder (upward leaf curling and stunting) and tobacco cv. Xanthi (leaf curling and crinkling) but failed to infect Phaseolus vulgaris, okra, cotton, and N. glutinosa. The Varanasi isolate was sap transmissible (0.1 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0) from the bombarded plants to N. benthamiana and tomato cv. Organ Spring. DNA-A alone infected N. benthamiana (upward leaf curling and big veins) and tomato cv. Organ Spring (mild leaf curl), but symptoms were delayed and milder. Full-length genome sequencing revealed DNA-A (AY190290) contained 2,757 nt and DNA-B (AY190291) contained 2,688 nt. DNA-A of the Varanasi isolate shares 98.4% identity with a DNA-A sequence (AF449999) obtained from a tomato showing leaf curl symptoms from the same region and 97.1% identity with an isolate from Gujarat (900 km from Varanasi). All three sequences represent isolates of the same species, herein called Tomato leaf curl Gujarat virus, based on the priority of submission of the DNA sequence for the Gujarat region (ToLCGV; AF 413671). All isolates noted were obtained from GenBank. However, except for the DNA-A sequence, no other information is available for these ToLCGV isolates. DNA-A of the ToLCGV-Varanasi isolate shares 66.8% identity with Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus, severe strain (ToLCNdV-Svr) (U15015), and 84.1% with Tomato leaf curl Karnataka virus (U38239). No DNA-B has been reported for these two ToLCGV isolates, and no infectious clone proving the etiology of the disease has been constructed, except for ToLCGV-Varanasi. DNA-B of ToLCGV-Varanasi shares 79.2% homology with ToLCNdV-Svr and 84.1% with ToLCNdV-Luc (X89653). These results suggest that the isolate from Varanasi belongs to ToLCGV, a previously undescribed geminivirus species causing a devastating tomato leaf curl disease in Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh. References: (1) H. C. Birnboim and J. Doly. Nucleic Acids Res. 7:1513, 1979. (2) K. M. Srivastava et al. J. Virol. Methods 51:297, 1995. (3) S. D. Wyatt and J. K. Brown. Phytopathology 86:1288, 1996.

scholarly journals Metagenomic analyses and genetic diversity of Tomato leaf curl  Arusha virus affecting tomato plants in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edith Khamonya Avedi ◽  
Adedapo Olutola Adediji ◽  
Dora Chao Kilalo ◽  
Florence Mmogi Olubayo ◽  
Isaac Macharia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Selection Pressure ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Tomato Leaf ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
Virus Population ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Tomato Leaf Curl ◽  
Leaf Curl

Abstract Background: Tomato production is threatened worldwide by the occurrence of begomoviruses which are associated with tomato leaf curl diseases. There is little information on the molecular properties of tomato begomoviruses in Kenya, hence we investigated the population and genetic diversity of begomoviruses associated with tomato leaf curl in Kenya.Methods: Tomato leaf samples with virus-like symptoms were obtained from farmers’ field across the country in 2018 and Illumina sequencing undertaken to determine the genetic diversity of associated begomoviruses. Additionally, the occurrence of selection pressure and recombinant isolates within the population were also evaluated.Results: Twelve complete begomovirus genomes were obtained from our samples with an average coverage of 99.9%. The sequences showed 95.7-99.7% identity among each other and 95.9-98.9% similarities with a Tomato leaf curl virus Arusha virus (ToLCArV) isolate from Tanzania. Analysis of amino acid sequences showed the highest identities in the regions coding for the coat protein gene (98.5-100%) within the isolates, and 97.1-100% identity with the C4 gene of ToLCArV. Phylogenetic algorithms clustered all Kenyan isolates in the same clades with ToLCArV, thus confirming the isolates to be a variant of the virus. There was no evidence of recombination within our isolates. Estimation of selection pressure within the virus population revealed the occurrence of negative or purifying selection in 5 out of the 6 coding regions of the sequences.Conclusions: The begomovirus associated with tomato leaf curl diseases of tomato in Kenya is a variant of ToLCArV, possibly originating from Tanzania. There is low genetic diversity within the virus population and this information is useful in the development of appropriate management strategies for the disease in the country.

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