scholarly journals Investigation of celiac disease according to Marsh classification in childhood

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Mervan Bekdas ◽  
Fatih Unal ◽  
Fatih Demircioglu
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Detection Ratio ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine related to gluten. CD is diagnosed by the evaluation of histologic findings according to the Marsh classification.Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and laboratory differences of CD according to Marsh classification.Patients and method: The records of ?Marsh 2 histologically diagnosed 132 cases were evaluated.Results: It was determined that 7(5.3%) cases were Marsh 2, 32(24.2%) were Marsh 3a, 73(55.3%) were Marsh 3b, and 20(15.1%) were Marsh 3c. Vomiting in Marsh 2 was significantly lower than Marsh 3b and Marsh 3c (respectively, 14.3% vs. 56.9%, p=0.029; and 14.3% vs. 75%, p=0.005). Hemoglobin was significantly higher in Marsh 2 than Marsh 3b and Marsh 3c (respectively, 11.9±1.7 vs. 10.5±1.6 g/dl, p=0.038 and; 11.9±1.7 vs. 9.8±1.6 g/dl, p=0.005). Positive detection ratio for tTG IgA was significantly lower in Marsh 2 than Marsh 3a, Marsh 3b and Marsh 3c (respectively, 66.7% vs. 100%, p<0.001; 66.7% vs. 100%, p<0.001; and 66.7% vs. 94.1%, p=0.003). After the onset of gluten free diet, the time passed for the disappearance of tTG IgA seropositivity is significantly shorter in Marsh 2 than Marsh 3c (6±3.6 vs. 9.7±2.5 months, p=0.017).Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms are more frequent in patients with severe small intestinal mucosal injury. tTG IgA seropositivity is associated with more severe disease. Clinical and laboratory findings of the patients are exacerbated when histopathological findings improve in CD.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(2) 2017 p.259-265

Celiac Disease

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
M. Stephen Murphy ◽  
W. Allan Walker
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
North America ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Geographical Variations ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
Western Ireland

Celiac disease is a disorder characterized by a permanent sensitivity to gluten, such that its presence in the diet induces an enteropathy. Exposure of susceptible individuals to gluten-containing foods causes small intestinal mucosal injury associated with malabsorption of variable severity. The association between the occurrence of malabsorption and the presence of wheat or rye in the diet was first recognized by Dicke in 1950. Subsequently, barley was also shown to be toxic. The role of oats in producing disease remains controversial, but rice and maize are known not to cause disease. EPIDEMIOLOGY Celiac disease is one of the most frequent causes of malabsorption during childhood, with prevalence rates of between 1:500 and 1:3000 commonly quoted in the literature. Although the exact prevalence in any particular region is difficult to determine, marked geographical variations do appear to exist. A preyalence rate of 1:300 has been reported in western Ireland. Similarly, celiac disease is reported more frequently in patients from European countries than from North America. There is some evidence that the incidence may also be changing. Based on studies from the United Kingdom, it has been suggested that the incidence of childhood celiac disease may have been declining in recent years, following a peak in the early 1970s.

A Case of Cognitive Impairment and Ataxia

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Aaron E. Miller ◽  
Tracy M. DeAngelis ◽  
Michelle Fabian ◽  
Ilana Katz Sand
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Cerebellar Atrophy ◽  
Adaptive Immune System ◽  
Cell Loss ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Infiltration ◽  
Gluten Ataxia ◽  
Antigliadin Antibodies ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury

Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy characterized by the presence of antigliadin antibodies and small intestinal mucosal injury, mediated by the adaptive immune system in response to gluten. Gastrointestinal symptoms typically include diarrhea, malabsorption/weight loss, and bloating/abdominal pain. Extra-intestinal symptoms often occur. The most commonly reported neurological syndromes are peripheral neuropathy, headache, and “gluten ataxia.” Gluten ataxia may occur in the setting of celiac disease or with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Consistent with this being a cerebellar phenomenon, autopsy studies demonstrate inflammatory infiltration and Purkinje cell loss. Cerebellar atrophy as well as white matter abnormalities may be evident on MRI. Treatment is institution of a gluten-free diet. Intravenous immune globulin may also be helpful in select patients.

scholarly journals Gliadin Sequestration as a Novel Therapy for Celiac Disease: A Prospective Application for Polyphenols

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Charlene B. Van Buiten ◽  
Ryan J. Elias
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Gluten Proteins ◽  
Prospective Application

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a heightened immune response to gluten proteins in the diet, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms and mucosal damage localized to the small intestine. Despite its prevalence, the only treatment currently available for celiac disease is complete avoidance of gluten proteins in the diet. Ongoing clinical trials have focused on targeting the immune response or gluten proteins through methods such as immunosuppression, enhanced protein degradation and protein sequestration. Recent studies suggest that polyphenols may elicit protective effects within the celiac disease milieu by disrupting the enzymatic hydrolysis of gluten proteins, sequestering gluten proteins from recognition by critical receptors in pathogenesis and exerting anti-inflammatory effects on the system as a whole. This review highlights mechanisms by which polyphenols can protect against celiac disease, takes a critical look at recent works and outlines future applications for this potential treatment method.

scholarly journals Influence of Helicobacter pylori Infection on the Small Intestinal Mucosa

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Mitsunori Maeda ◽  
Masakazu Nakano ◽  
Hideyuki Hiraishi
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
H Pylori

Background/Aims. To investigate the role of Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of enteritis (small intestinal mucosal injury). Methodology. Between April 2007 and January 2013, 99 patients undergoing capsule endoscopy (CE) were tested for anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin G antibody (Hp-IgG) using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). None of the patients had been treated for H. pylori infection or diagnosed as having Crohn’s disease or any other clinically apparent small intestinal disorders prior to the CE. Results. The overall Hp-IgG-positive rate was 26.3%. The incidence of enteritis, as diagnosed by CE, tended to be lower in the Hp-IgG-positive patients (23.1%) than in the Hp-IgG-negative patients (38.4%) (). When patients receiving aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), well-known causes of enteritis, were excluded, the incidence of enteritis in the Hp-IgG-positive patients (11.7%) was significantly lower than that in the Hp-IgG-negative patients (43.7%) (). A binomial logistic regression analysis revealed a significant negative relationship between Hp-IgG positivity and the presence of enteritis in patients receiving neither aspirin nor NSAIDs (). Conclusions. Our data indicated that H. pylori positivity was inversely associated with the prevalence of enteritis.

Extent and Duration of Small Intestinal Mucosal Injury in Intractable Diarrhea of Infancy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-735
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Rossi ◽  
Emanuel Lebenthal ◽  
Kenneth S. Nord ◽  
Rafiqua R. Fazili
Keyword(s):  
Elemental Diet ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Small Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Intractable Diarrhea ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal

Thirty infants with intractable diarrhea of infancy (IDI) underwent small bowel biopsies in order to determine the extent and duration of small intestinal mucosal injury. The onset of the persistent diarrhea occurred prior to 3 months of age and continued for an average of 48 days prior to investigation. In 18 cases, no associated entities were found. Mucosal injury was invariably found in all 30 infants: grade IV injury in 11, grade III in eight, grade II in nine, and grade I atrophy in one. Disaccharidase activities were diminished and corresponded to the degree of atrophy. Lactase activity was diminished to a greater extent than sucrase and maltase. Significant, persistent mucosal injury existed for an average of six months in 16 of the 23 (70%) repeat biopsies. All infants were given an elemental diet (ED). Twelve of the 30 infants required parenteral nutrition (PN). These infants were gradually advanced to an oral elemental diet and maintained on this diet until histologic findings and disaccharidase levels were normal. Eighteen infants were fed and maintained on an elemental diet by mouth from time of admission until normal histologic findings and disaccharidases were found. No mortality occurred during management and follow-up. Twenty-two of the 28 infants in whom follow-up growth data were available excelled in weight and height velocity. The data suggest that prolonged injury to the small intestinal mucosa is a common finding in many cases of intractable diarrhea of infancy. Elemental diets should be started early in the course of protracted diarrhea in young infants, and may need to be continued for several months since histologic and enzymatic changes of the small intestine may persist for extended periods.

Mucus reduction promotes acetyl salicylic acid-induced small intestinal mucosal injury in rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 498 (1) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Suyama ◽  
Osamu Handa ◽  
Yuji Naito ◽  
Shun Takayama ◽  
Rieko Mukai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Acetyl Salicylic Acid ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal

scholarly journals Chronic fatigue syndrome – revisited

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-328
Author(s):  
NS Neki
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Chronic Fatigue ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a common and disabling problem; although most likely of biopsychosocial origin. The nature of the pathophysiological components remains unclear. It is an illness characterized by persistent and relapsing fatigue, often accompanied by numerous symptoms involving various body systems. The etiology of CFS remains unclear. Celiac disease can present with neurological symptoms in the absence of gastrointestinal symptoms; therefore, celiac disease should be included in the differential diagnosis of CFS.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.326-328

Relationship between aspirin-induced small intestinal mucosal injury and oxidative stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. S104-S105
Author(s):  
Shun Takayama ◽  
Osamu Handa ◽  
Rieko Mukai ◽  
Yosuke Mukai ◽  
Atushi Majiima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
And Oxidative Stress
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