scholarly journals Gliadin Sequestration as a Novel Therapy for Celiac Disease: A Prospective Application for Polyphenols

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 595
Author(s):  
Charlene B. Van Buiten ◽  
Ryan J. Elias
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Novel Therapy ◽  
Gluten Proteins ◽  
Prospective Application

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by a heightened immune response to gluten proteins in the diet, leading to gastrointestinal symptoms and mucosal damage localized to the small intestine. Despite its prevalence, the only treatment currently available for celiac disease is complete avoidance of gluten proteins in the diet. Ongoing clinical trials have focused on targeting the immune response or gluten proteins through methods such as immunosuppression, enhanced protein degradation and protein sequestration. Recent studies suggest that polyphenols may elicit protective effects within the celiac disease milieu by disrupting the enzymatic hydrolysis of gluten proteins, sequestering gluten proteins from recognition by critical receptors in pathogenesis and exerting anti-inflammatory effects on the system as a whole. This review highlights mechanisms by which polyphenols can protect against celiac disease, takes a critical look at recent works and outlines future applications for this potential treatment method.

Nutritional Management of Celiac Disease

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciarán P Kelly ◽  
Satya Kurada ◽  
Mariana Urquiaga
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Antigliadin Antibodies

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an immune response to gluten peptides in wheat, barley, and rye. The diagnosis of celiac disease is confirmed by three important characteristics: consistent symptoms, positive celiac-specific serology, and small intestinal biopsy findings of inflammation, crypt hyperplasia, and villous atrophy. CD may present with overt gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea (or constipation), weight loss, and abdominal bloating and discomfort, or covertly with micronutrient deficiencies such as iron deficiency with anemia. A gluten-free diet (GFD) remains the mainstay of treatment. The aim of this review is to highlight the pathogenesis of CD, concepts and challenges associated with a GFD, and nutritional management of CD applicable in clinical practice to internists, gastroenterologists, and dietitians. Patients should be referred to an expert celiac dietitian for education on adherence to a GFD to address gluten contamination in the diet, the psychosocial implications of following a GFD, and macro- and micronutrient disequilibria arising from celiac disease and the GFD. Several novel therapeutics are on the horizon in various stages of development, including glutenases, antigliadin antibodies, tight junction regulators, modulation of the immune response to gliadin, and efforts to engineer less toxic gluten-containing foodstuffs. This review contains 3 figures, 5 tables, and 61 references. Key words: celiac disease, genetic engineering, food engineering, gluten, glutenases, gluten-free diet, oats, IgY, nutrition, tight junction regulators, wheat

Nutritional Management of Celiac Disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciarán P Kelly ◽  
Satya Kurada ◽  
Mariana Urquiaga
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Antigliadin Antibodies

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an immune response to gluten peptides in wheat, barley, and rye. The diagnosis of celiac disease is confirmed by three important characteristics: consistent symptoms, positive celiac-specific serology, and small intestinal biopsy findings of inflammation, crypt hyperplasia, and villous atrophy. CD may present with overt gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea (or constipation), weight loss, and abdominal bloating and discomfort, or covertly with micronutrient deficiencies such as iron deficiency with anemia. A gluten-free diet (GFD) remains the mainstay of treatment. The aim of this review is to highlight the pathogenesis of CD, concepts and challenges associated with a GFD, and nutritional management of CD applicable in clinical practice to internists, gastroenterologists, and dietitians. Patients should be referred to an expert celiac dietitian for education on adherence to a GFD to address gluten contamination in the diet, the psychosocial implications of following a GFD, and macro- and micronutrient disequilibria arising from celiac disease and the GFD. Several novel therapeutics are on the horizon in various stages of development, including glutenases, antigliadin antibodies, tight junction regulators, modulation of the immune response to gliadin, and efforts to engineer less toxic gluten-containing foodstuffs. This review contains 3 figures, 5 tables, and 61 references. Key words: celiac disease, genetic engineering, food engineering, gluten, glutenases, gluten-free diet, oats, IgY, nutrition, tight junction regulators, wheat

Nutritional Management of Celiac Disease

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciarán P Kelly ◽  
Satya Kurada ◽  
Mariana Urquiaga
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Tight Junction ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Nutritional Management ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Antigliadin Antibodies

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by an immune response to gluten peptides in wheat, barley, and rye. The diagnosis of celiac disease is confirmed by three important characteristics: consistent symptoms, positive celiac-specific serology, and small intestinal biopsy findings of inflammation, crypt hyperplasia, and villous atrophy. CD may present with overt gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea (or constipation), weight loss, and abdominal bloating and discomfort, or covertly with micronutrient deficiencies such as iron deficiency with anemia. A gluten-free diet (GFD) remains the mainstay of treatment. The aim of this review is to highlight the pathogenesis of CD, concepts and challenges associated with a GFD, and nutritional management of CD applicable in clinical practice to internists, gastroenterologists, and dietitians. Patients should be referred to an expert celiac dietitian for education on adherence to a GFD to address gluten contamination in the diet, the psychosocial implications of following a GFD, and macro- and micronutrient disequilibria arising from celiac disease and the GFD. Several novel therapeutics are on the horizon in various stages of development, including glutenases, antigliadin antibodies, tight junction regulators, modulation of the immune response to gliadin, and efforts to engineer less toxic gluten-containing foodstuffs. This review contains 3 figures, 5 tables, and 61 references. Key words: celiac disease, genetic engineering, food engineering, gluten, glutenases, gluten-free diet, oats, IgY, nutrition, tight junction regulators, wheat

scholarly journals CELIAC DISEASE;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (08) ◽  
pp. 1253-1255
Author(s):  
Edip Erkus ◽  
Mehmet Zahid Kocak ◽  
Gulali Aktas ◽  
Haluk Savli
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Elderly Woman ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Gluten Free Diet ◽  
Gluten Free ◽  
Latent Disease ◽  
Definition Of

Celiac Disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder based on immune response togluten in genetically predisposed subjects. Five subtypes of CD has been described; classicaldisease, atypical disease, silent disease, latent disease, potential disease. Literature consistsat least five different definition of latent CD. We aimed to present a unique latent CD case inan elderly woman, who referred with anemia, hypoalbuminemia and vitamin D deficiency. Sheresponded well to initiation of gluten free diet.

scholarly journals Immune Checkpoints as a Novel Source for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Target in Celiac Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Torres ◽  
Miguel Ángel López Casado ◽  
Teresa Palomeque ◽  
Pedro Lorite
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cell Activity ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Immune Checkpoints ◽  
Risk Genes ◽  
Hla Alleles ◽  
Self Tolerance ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Celiac disease, as an autoimmune disorder, is a disease which appears in sensing and immune reaction responses to gluten. It has been confirmed that both genetic and environmental factors are involved. CD is strongly associated with the HLA alleles DQB1*02 (serological DQ2) or DQB1*0302 (serological DQ8). These HLA alleles are necessary but not sufficient for the development of CD and non-HLA risk genes also contribute to disease susceptibility. Several studies have identified linkage or association of CD with the 2q33 locus, a region harboring the candidate genes CD28, CTLA4 and ICOS, important immune checkpoints regulators of T-cell activity. Immune checkpoints are crucial to maintain self-tolerance and protect self-tissue from damage during an ongoing immune response.

scholarly journals Oral Consumption of Bread from an RNAi Wheat Line with Strongly Silenced Gliadins Elicits No Immunogenic Response in a Pilot Study with Celiac Disease Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4548
Author(s):  
María H. Guzmán-López ◽  
Susana Sánchez-León ◽  
Miriam Marín-Sanz ◽  
Isabel Comino ◽  
Verónica Segura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Wheat Line ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽  
Stool Samples

Celiac disease (CD) is a genetically predisposed, T cell-mediated and autoimmune-like disorder caused by dietary exposure to the storage proteins of wheat and related cereals. A gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only treatment available for CD. The celiac immune response mediated by CD4+ T-cells can be assessed with a short-term oral gluten challenge. This study aimed to determine whether the consumption of bread made using flour from a low-gluten RNAi wheat line (named E82) can activate the immune response in DQ2.5-positive patients with CD after a blind crossover challenge. The experimental protocol included assessing IFN-γ production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), evaluating gastrointestinal symptoms, and measuring gluten immunogenic peptides (GIP) in stool samples. The response of PBMCs was not significant to gliadin and the 33-mer peptide after E82 bread consumption. In contrast, PBMCs reacted significantly to Standard bread. This lack of immune response is correlated with the fact that, after E82 bread consumption, stool samples from patients with CD showed very low levels of GIP, and the symptoms were comparable to those of the GFD. This pilot study provides evidence that bread from RNAi E82 flour does not elicit an immune response after a short-term oral challenge and could help manage GFD in patients with CD.

scholarly journals Small bowel capsule endoscopy, a modern tool for celiac disease diagnosis - case presentation

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Andra Iulia Suceveanu ◽  
Laura Mazilu ◽  
A. Suceveanu ◽  
S. Paris ◽  
F. Voinea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Celiac Disease Diagnosis

Abstract Celiac disease is a clinically heterogeneous disease characterized by an inadequate immunological response when patients with specific genetic phenotypes are exposed to gluten. This article presents a case of a young woman diagnosed in Gastroenterology Department of “ St. Andrew Apostle” Emergency Hospital of Constanta with celiac disease after multiple admissions into the hospital for unspecific symptoms such as pallor, fatigue, pirosis, weight loss and 1-2 soft stools/day. The history with period irregularities and infertility without a known cause, a recent unexplained bone fracture, the muscle weakness, neuropsychiatric symptoms characterized by sleep disturbances and irritability correlated with the biological features characterized by moderate feriprive anemia, Ca and Mg decreased level, thyroid autoimmune impairment and gastrointestinal symptoms raised the suspicion of an autoimmune disorder with multiple targets. The videcapsule endoscopy (VCE) revealed the specific pattern of the celiac disease: villous atrophy of jejunum, scalloping, absent folds and cobblestone mucosal pattern. Results were correlated with immunology tests results. The patient was transferred on a gluten free diet and the clinical and VCE controlsrevealed the healing of the jejunum mucosa. The VCE can be the tool for positive diagnosis of an unusual and heterogeneous celiac disease in patients with various symptoms without an apparent cause.

scholarly journals The Underlying Effects of Celiac Disease and Subsequent Implications on Deployment in the United States Army

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grayson Seidel ◽  
Halle Kotchman ◽  
Erin Milner ◽  
Kevin J O’Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Villous Atrophy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
The United States ◽  
Service Members ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Intestinal Biopsy ◽  
Gluten Free

ABSTRACT Introduction The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the etiology, pathology, and treatments for celiac disease (CD), as well as to provide context as to how CD impacts the U.S. military. Materials and Methods To conduct this review, the authors surveyed recent epidemiology and immunology literature in order to provide a detailed summary of the current understanding of CD, its diagnosis, and the real-world impacts within the Department of Defense (DoD). Results We described the gluten proteins and both the immune response in CD. We further describe the underlying genetic risk factors and diagnosis and pathogenesis of the disease and conclude the review with a discussion of how current DoD regulations impact U.S. military readiness. Conclusion Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder that results in damage to the small intestine. Ingestion of gluten in a CD patient is usually followed by villous atrophy in the small intestine, often along with other gastrointestinal symptoms. Around 1% of patients diagnosed with CD can experience complications if gluten-free diet is not followed, including intestinal lymphoma and hyposplenism. Therefore, a patient showing possible symptoms should discuss the diagnostic process with their healthcare providers to ensure adequate understanding of serological and genetic tests along with the histological examination of intestinal biopsy. Patients should seek consults with registered dietitians to structure their diets appropriately. Considering the prevalence and incidence of CD and gluten intolerances are increasing, the military should consider providing gluten-free Meals Ready-to-Eat as an option for all service members. Given the retention of service members with CD, subsequent admission of personnel with mild CD that does not affect the duties will allow the DoD access to a growing population of fully capable service members with critical technical skills who are eager to serve the USA.

scholarly journals Investigation of celiac disease according to Marsh classification in childhood

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
Mervan Bekdas ◽  
Fatih Unal ◽  
Fatih Demircioglu
Keyword(s):  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Autoimmune Disorder ◽  
Mucosal Injury ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Detection Ratio ◽  
Intestinal Mucosal Injury ◽  
Small Intestinal

Background: Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder of the small intestine related to gluten. CD is diagnosed by the evaluation of histologic findings according to the Marsh classification.Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and laboratory differences of CD according to Marsh classification.Patients and method: The records of ?Marsh 2 histologically diagnosed 132 cases were evaluated.Results: It was determined that 7(5.3%) cases were Marsh 2, 32(24.2%) were Marsh 3a, 73(55.3%) were Marsh 3b, and 20(15.1%) were Marsh 3c. Vomiting in Marsh 2 was significantly lower than Marsh 3b and Marsh 3c (respectively, 14.3% vs. 56.9%, p=0.029; and 14.3% vs. 75%, p=0.005). Hemoglobin was significantly higher in Marsh 2 than Marsh 3b and Marsh 3c (respectively, 11.9±1.7 vs. 10.5±1.6 g/dl, p=0.038 and; 11.9±1.7 vs. 9.8±1.6 g/dl, p=0.005). Positive detection ratio for tTG IgA was significantly lower in Marsh 2 than Marsh 3a, Marsh 3b and Marsh 3c (respectively, 66.7% vs. 100%, p<0.001; 66.7% vs. 100%, p<0.001; and 66.7% vs. 94.1%, p=0.003). After the onset of gluten free diet, the time passed for the disappearance of tTG IgA seropositivity is significantly shorter in Marsh 2 than Marsh 3c (6±3.6 vs. 9.7±2.5 months, p=0.017).Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms are more frequent in patients with severe small intestinal mucosal injury. tTG IgA seropositivity is associated with more severe disease. Clinical and laboratory findings of the patients are exacerbated when histopathological findings improve in CD.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(2) 2017 p.259-265

Protective effects of ethanol extract of a Mexican propolis on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal damage in mice.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
DV Pilar ◽  
VVS Ibran ◽  
RC Mario ◽  
CA Octavio ◽  
MM Canales-Martinez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Mucosal Damage ◽  
Gastric Mucosal Damage ◽  
Protective Effects
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