Application of plackett-burman design to benzylation of o-cresol with benzyl alcohol

Plackett-Burman design was employed to study the reaction of o-cresol with benzyl alcohol in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride as catalyst for screening variables. The variables chosen for the investigation were temperature, molar ratio of o-cresol to benzyl alcohol, amount of anhydrous AlCl3 catalyst (% by wt. of o-cresol), addition time (ta h), stirring time (ts h), stirring speed (rpm). Among these variables temperature, molar ratio of o-cresol to benzyl alcohol and amount of anhydrous AlCl3 were found to be important. A set of trials was planned according to a 3 factor 2-level Yates pattern experimental design with 2 replicates and the center point trial with 4 replicates. The critical response was the yield of benzyl o-cresol. Main effects as well as two- and three- factor interaction effects were statistically significant. A polynomial model was developed and the adequacy of the suggested model was checked up.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 50(3), 169-180, 2015

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A Mathematical Model for the Alkylation of o-Cresol with Cyclohexanol

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v44i2.3669 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

pp. 181-186

Author(s):

M Ashaduzzaman ◽

Manoranjan Saha ◽

Shams Tania Afroza Islam ◽

Mohammad Ismail ◽

Nashid Sharif ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Perchloric Acid ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Suggested Model ◽

Critical Response ◽

Stirring Time ◽

Main Effects ◽

Factor Interaction ◽

Three Factor

A mathematical model was developed for the alkylation of o-cresol with cyclohexanol in the presence of perchloric acid as a catalyst. A set of trials was planned according to a 3 factor 2-level Yates pattern experimental design. The variables chosen for the study were temperature, molar ratio of o-cresol to cyclohexanol and amount of perchloric acid. The critical response was the yield of cyclohexyl o-cresol. Main effects as well as two-and three-factor interaction effects were statistically significant. The adequacy of the suggested model was checked up. The highest experimentally found yield was 89.3% while the estimated yield was found to be 89.09%. The experimentally settings were temperature, 140O C; molar ratio of o-cresol to cyclohexanol, 6:1; amount of catalyst, 5% by wt. of o-cresol; addition time, 2 h; stirring time, 1 h. Keywords: o-Cresol, Cyclohexanol, Experimental design, Alkylation. DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i2.3669 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(2), 181-186, 2009

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Application of Statistical Experimental Design to Benzylation of p-Chlorophenol

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v45i2.5706 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 105-110 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Shams Tania Afroza Islam ◽

Manoranjan Saha ◽

Dipti Saha ◽

Mohammad Ismail ◽

Mirza Galib ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Benzyl Alcohol ◽

Perchloric Acid ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Statistical Experimental Design ◽

Stirring Time ◽

Experimental Yield ◽

The Difference ◽

Main Effects ◽

Factor Interaction

A 23 Yates pattern experimental design was used to develop a mathematical model for the benzylation of p-chlorophenol with benzyl alcohol in the presence of perchloric acid as catalyst. A set of trials was planned with two replicates and the centre point trial with 4 replicates according to the design. The critical response was the yield of 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol. Main effects as well as two- and three- factor interaction effects were statistically significant. The highest experimental yield was 91.6%. The experimental settings were 130°C, molar ratio of p-chlorophenol to benzyl alcohol 4:1, amount of 60% perchloric acid 5% by wt. of p-chlorophenol, addition time 2 h and stirring time 1 h. The difference between the experimental and predicted yields did not exceed 0.04%.Key words: p-Chlorophenol; Benzyl alcohol; Perchloric acid; 2-benzyl-4-chlorophenol; Experimental design DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v45i2.5706Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(2), 105-110, 2010

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A Mathematical Model for the Alkylation of Phenol with Octanol-1

Dhaka University Journal of Science ◽

10.3329/dujs.v60i1.10339 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 65-70

Author(s):

Manoranjan Saha ◽

Md Kabir Hossain ◽

Md Ashaduzzaman ◽

Dipti Saha ◽

Shams Tania Afroza Islam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Sulphuric Acid ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Suggested Model ◽

Stirring Time ◽

Experimental Yield ◽

The Difference ◽

Main Effects ◽

Factor Interaction ◽

Three Factor

A 3-factor 2-level Yates pattern experimental design was used to develop a mathematical model for the alkylation of phenol with octanol-1 in the presence of sulphuric acid. A set of trials was planned with two replicates and the centre point trial with 4 replicates. Main effects as well as two- and three- factor interaction effects were statistically significant. The highest experimental yield was 79.5%. The experimental settings were temperature, 160ºC; molar ratio of phenol to octanol-1, 10:1; amount of 94% sulphuric acid, 8% by wt. of phenol; addition time, 2h and stirring time, 2h. Adequacy of the suggested model was checked. The difference between the experimental and estimated yield was negligible.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v60i1.10339 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 60(1): 65-70 2012 (January)

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Alkylation of Ethylbenzene with Cyclohexylchloride: A Statistical Study

Dhaka University Journal of Science ◽

10.3329/dujs.v60i1.10340 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 60 (1) ◽

pp. 71-76

Author(s):

Manoranjan Saha ◽

Prashanta Chakravarty ◽

Dipti Saha ◽

Md Zahangir Alam ◽

Mahmud Hasan Tareque ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Experimental Design ◽

Interaction Effect ◽

Statistical Study ◽

Aluminium Chloride ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Suggested Model ◽

Anhydrous Aluminium Chloride ◽

Critical Response ◽

Main Effects

A mathematical model was developed for the alkylation of ethylbenzene with cyclohexyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride as a catalyst using the Yates Pattern experimental design. The variables chosen for the study were temperature, molar ratio of ethylbenzene to cyclohexyl choloride and amount of anhydrous aluminium chloride. The critical response was the yield of cyclohexylethylbenzene. Main effects as well as interaction effect of molar ratio of ethylbenzene to cyclohexyl chloride and amount of catalyst were statistically significant. The adequacy of the suggested model was checked.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v60i1.10340 Dhaka Univ. J. Sci. 60(1): 71-76 2012 (January)

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Comprehensive description of main effects and interactions in Plackett Burman design

Total Quality Science ◽

10.17929/tqs.6.43 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 43-51

Author(s):

Yoshiki OISHI ◽

Shu YAMADA

Keyword(s):

Comprehensive Description ◽

Burman Design ◽

Main Effects ◽

Plackett Burman Design

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Development of a mathematical model for alkylation of m-cresol with α-methylstyrene using anhydrous aluminium chloride

Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research ◽

10.3329/bjsir.v54i3.42671 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (3) ◽

pp. 195-202

Author(s):

S Sultana ◽

ASMS Arefin ◽

M Shahruzzaman

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Model ◽

Polymeric Materials ◽

Aluminium Chloride ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

High Yield ◽

Practical Utilization ◽

Anhydrous Aluminium Chloride ◽

Chloride Catalyst ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Burman Design

Alkylaromatic compounds such as alkylphenols are the most wide spread and efficient material due to its broad practical utilization in different arenas including antioxidants, stabilizers for fuels, lubricating oils, polymeric materials and so on. In this work, (2-phenylpropan-2-yl) m-cresol with high yield was prepared from the reaction between m-cresol and _-methylstyrene in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride catalyst. Plackett-Burman design was applied for screening significant variables, such as, temperature, molar ratio of m-cresol to _-methylstyrene, time of reaction and amount of catalyst etc. to determine an optimum condition for the production of (2-phenylpropan-2-yl) m-cresol. Moreover, a 23 Yates pattern factorial design was used to develop a mathematical model to predict the yield of alkylation of m-cresol with _-methylstyrene. Analyses of the results revealed that temperature, molar ratio and amount of catalyst were the main effective variables. The products were characterized by FT-IR, UV-visible and 1H NMR spectroscopy. The adequacy of the suggested model was checked up. The experimental yields exhibited good agreement with the predicted yields designed by the mathematical model. Hence, (2-phenylpropan-2-yl) m-cresol has the potential to be used as an industrially important compound in various applications. Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.54(3), 195-202, 2019

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Use of New Glycerol-Based Dendrimers for Essential Oils Encapsulation: Optimization of Stirring Time and Rate Using a Plackett—Burman Design and a Surface Response Methodology

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10020207 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 207

Author(s):

Chloë Maes ◽

Yves Brostaux ◽

Sandrine Bouquillon ◽

Marie-Laure Fauconnier

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Retention Rate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Relative Concentration ◽

Surface Response Methodology ◽

Surface Response ◽

Stirring Time ◽

Burman Design ◽

Plackett Burman Design ◽

Solvent Volume

Essential oils are used in an increasing number of applications including biopesticides. Their volatility minimizes the risk of residue but can also be a constraint if the release is rapid and uncontrolled. Solutions allowing the encapsulation of essential oils are therefore strongly researched. In this study, essential oils encapsulation was carried out within dendrimers to control their volatility. Indeed, a spontaneous complexation occurs in a solution of dendrimers with essential oils which maintains it longer. Six parameters (temperature, stirring rate, relative concentration, solvent volume, stirring time, and pH) of this reaction has been optimized by two steps: first a screening of the parameters that influence the encapsulation with a Plackett–Burmann design the most followed by an optimization of those ones by a surface response methodology. In this study, two essential oils with herbicide properties were used: the essential oils of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume and Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt; and four biosourced dendrimers: glycerodendrimers derived from polypropylenimine and polyamidoamine, a glyceroclikdendrimer, and a glyceroladendrimer. Meta-analysis of all Plackett–Burman assays determined that rate and stirring time were effective on the retention rate thereby these parameters were used for the surface response methodology part. Each combination gives a different optimum depending on the structure of these molecules.

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Identification of Effective Factors for Immobilized Lipase Catalysed Biodiesel Production from Pongamia pinnata Seed Oil Using Plackett-Burman Design

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ◽

10.20546/ijcmas.2021.1009.020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 173-182

Author(s):

Shilpa K. Jigajinni Bharati S. Meti

Keyword(s):

Seed Oil ◽

Immobilized Lipase ◽

Clean Energy ◽

Transesterification Reaction ◽

Biodiesel Production ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

P Value ◽

Effective Factors ◽

Burman Design ◽

Plackett Burman Design

Biodiesel a fatty acid alkyl esteris one of the promising biofuel and a clean energy source as an alternative to petroleum-based diesel fuels. The Enzymatic transesterification reaction is influenced by many factors such as amount of biocatalyst, molar ratio of oil to alcohol, temperature, pH, rpm, time etc. Effective variables for transesterification may vary based on the type of feedstock and catalyst used, therefore it is essential to optimise the process suitable for each type of feedstock to achieve higher yield of biodiesel. The statistically-based Plackett-Burman experimental design was adopted in this study to identify effective factors for transesterification reaction of Pongamiapinnata seed oil using immobilized lipase. The factors used in the present study for Plackett-Burman design are molar ratio, amount of immobilized lipase, temperature, time, pH, agitation and water content. The result showed that among seven variables, pH (p-value0.003), agitation speed(p-value 0.024) and amount of immobilized lipase(p-value 0.041) having p<0.05 are statistically significant, positively affecting the transesterification process of Pongamia seed oil. Further the variables which had significant effect on transesterification process will be selected for Response Surface Methodology studies to enhance the yield of biodiesel will be the future scope of work.

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