scholarly journals Sex, organal and seasonal differences of Belminthofauna of toad, bufo melanostictus (Schneider, 1799)

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleya Begum ◽  
Nasrin Banu
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Bufo Melanostictus ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Toad Bufo

A total of 75 toads (39 males and 36 females), Bufo melanostictus, collected from different areas of Dhaka city from May 2009 to April 2010 was examined for helminth parasites. The results showed that seven parasite species were collected, and prevalence of infection was 100%. The parasite fauna was comprised of Trematoda: 8% was the prevalence of Ganeo kumaonensis, 8% of Halipegus eccentricus; Nematoda: 100% of Oswaldocruzia indica, 68% of Neopharyngodon sp., 40% of Rhabdias bufonis; Acanthocephala: 28% of Pseudoacanthocephalus bufonis; and Pentastomida: 4% of Raillietiella indica. Serious damage was observed in intestine (53.94%) then rectum (24.55%), stomach (12.73%) and lungs (8.78%). The males had a higher intensity (77.92) than the females (44.58). Seasonally, the highest intensity of infection was found in the rainy season (81.21) and lowest during the winter (39.87). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i2.14308 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(2): 155-164, 2012

Gastrointestinal helminth parasites of the common wallaroo or euro, Osphranter robustus (Gould) (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) from Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Beveridge
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Common ◽  
Specific Species

Abstract The gastrointestinal helminth parasites of 170 common wallaroos or euros, Osphranter robustus (Gould), collected from all mainland states in which the species occurs as well as the Northern Territory, are presented, including previously published data. A total of 65 species of helminths were encountered, including four species of anoplocephalid cestodes found in the bile ducts and small intestine, and 61 species of strongylid nematodes, all but two of which occurring in the stomach, and with the remainder occurring in the terminal ileum, caecum and colon. Among the mainland subspecies of O. robustus, 52 species of helminths were encountered in O. r. robustus, compared with 30 species in O. r. woodwardi and 35 species in O. r. erubescens. Of the parasite species encountered, only 17 were specific to O. robustus, the remaining being shared with sympatric host species. Host-specific species or species occurring in O. robustus at a high prevalence can be classified as follows: widely distributed; restricted to northern Australia; restricted to the northern wallaroo, O. r. woodwardi; found only in the euro, O. r. erubescens; found essentially along the eastern coast of Australia, primarily in O. r. robustus; and species with highly limited regional distributions. The data currently available suggest that the acquisition of a significant number of parasites is due to co-grazing with other macropodids, while subspeciation in wallaroos as well as climatic variables may have influenced the diversification of the parasite fauna.

Helminth parasites of the muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus (L.)) in Newfoundland

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2172-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Rigby ◽  
William Threlfall
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Parasite Burden ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Ondatra Zibethicus ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Concurrent Infections ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Being

One hundred and fourteen muskrats (Ondatra zibethicus (L.)), collected between September 1977 and January 1979 in three areas of insular Newfoundland, were examined for helminths, with 11 species being found (7 Digenea, 2 Cestoda, and 2 Nematoda). Diplostomum mergi was recovered from a mammal for the first time. Distribution along the alimentary tract was examined and all helminths recovered preferred the proximal 60% of the small intestine, except Quinqueserialis quinqueserialis and Trichostrongylus calcaratus, which preferred the caecum. Adult and immature muskrats showed differences in the prevalence and intensity of infection and the adults also had larger concurrent infections. In only one case, namely Hymenolepis evaginata, was a parasite species more prevalent in one sex (the males). Small seasonal differences in prevalence and (or) intensity of infection were noted for some parasites and were related to differences in parasite burden of adult and immature hosts and water temperature. A difference in the occurrence of Digenea between sample areas was related to water pH and hardness.

A comparative analysis of parasite species richness of Iberian rodents

Parasitology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. FELIU ◽  
F. RENAUD ◽  
F. CATZEFLIS ◽  
J.-P. HUGOT ◽  
P. DURAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Geographical Range ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Parasite Species Richness ◽  
Host Phylogeny

Data on parasites of rodents, collected over an 18-year period on the Iberian peninsula, were used to find the determinants of parasite species richness. A total of 77 species of helminth parasites (nematodes, cestodes and digeneans) was identified among 16 species of rodents. Parasites were classified into groups according to their specificity towards their host and their life-cycle. A working phylogeny of the rodents was proposed on the basis of molecular and paleontological data and for each host the following parameters were recorded: sample size, weight, geographical range, longevity, and life-style. Two comparative methods were used, the independent comparisons method of Pagel (1992) and the distance matrix method of Legendre, Lapointe & Casgrain (1995). The second method has the advantage of measuring the relative contribution of phylogeny. Both methods gave similar results. Overall parasite species richness correlated only with host sample size. Host body size does not correlate with any subset of parasite species richness. However, host phylogeny is a good predicator of specific parasites and the species richness of digeneans correlates with host geographical range. A phylogenetic reconstruction of host relations was performed using the parasites belonging to subgroups in which richness is correlated with host phylogeny. These parasite species were treated as Dollo characters, i.e. we made the assumption that the loss of a parasite species is irreversible. The consensus tree obtained reflects the major phylogenetic divisions of the host group. Finally, this study illustrates the relative importance of processes acting at different temporal and spatial scales (evolutionary time and actual geographical range of hosts) in determining the structure of helminth parasite fauna.

scholarly journals Fauna of parasite of cyprinids and percoids in the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 32-47
Author(s):  
N. N. Romanova ◽  
N. A. Golovina ◽  
A. A. Vishtorskaya ◽  
P. P. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Fish Parasites ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
European Perch ◽  
Pike Perch ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

The purpose of the research is determination of the species composition of parasites of cyprinid and percoid fish in the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal.Materials and methods. In 2019–2020, parasitological material was collected in the spring, summer and autumn from percoid (the pike perch and European perch) and cyprinid fish (the bream, silver bream, roach, rudd and sabrefish) aged 2 to 7 years from the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal (Ikshinsky, Pestovsky, Pyalovsky and Klyazminsky Reservoirs) by the methods generally accepted in ichthyo-parasitology. To quantify the fish infection rate, we used the incidence or prevalence of infection, the intensity of infection, and the mean amplitude of the intensity of infection. We used Kabiosh index (K) to assess the species diversity of parasites. Results and discussion. The parasitological analysis results of percoids and cyprinids from the reservoirs of the Moscow Canal are presented. 34 parasite species were found in fish, which belong to nine taxonomic groups: Microsporidia, Myxosporea, Monogenea, Cestoda, Trematoda, Nematoda, Acanthocephala, Hirudinea, Crustacea. The largest number of species belongs to trematodes, the rest, taxa (mixo- and microsporidia, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalans, leeches and parasitic crustaceans), are represented singly. We calculated the species diversity ratio (R) of fish parasites in the reservoirs, which ranged from 0.335 to 0.575, which indicates the fauna similarity from 50 to 75%. The greatest similarity in the parasite fauna was found in the roach (R = 0.168–0.447), the least in the European perch (R = 0.447–1.0). We have identified the dominant species that are found in more than 20% of the studied fish and determine the “core” of the parasitic fauna, which included 4 parasite species of epizootic and 1 parasite species of epidemiological significance.

scholarly journals Seasonal prevalence, intensity and organal distribution of Helminth parasites in macrognathus aculeatus

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Hamida Khanum ◽  
Salma Begum ◽  
Aleya Begum
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Seasonal Prevalence ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Intensity Of Infection ◽  
Macrognathus Aculeatus

Examination of 122 individuals of Macrognathus aculeatus (popularly known as Tara Baim), collected monthly, from the river Buriganga during March, 2007 to February, 2008 revealed 77 fishes were infected with various helminth parasites with an infection rate of 63.11% and intensity of infection of 3.18. A total of 245 parasites were recovered from different organs of the fishes, with the highest number from the intestine. Six species of helminths were detected, of which two were trematodes (Clinostomum piscidum and Rhynchooharynx paradoxa), one species of cestode (Marsipometra parva) and three species of nematodes (Pseudoproleptus vestibules, Cucullanus cirratus and Porrocaecum trichiuri L3 larva). The prevalence and intensity of parasitic infection were a bit higher in female fish than in male. The parasites were much more abundant in rainy season (75%) followed by summer (62.5%) and winter (31.81%). The larger fishes were heavily infected (71.01%) than medium (53.33%) and smaller (52.17%) fishes. Key words: Macrognathus aculeatus; Helminth; Prevalence; Intensity; Organal distribution;  Seasonal variation DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8971 DUJBS 2011; 20(2): 117-122

scholarly journals First record of Schulmanela petruschewskii Shulman, 1948 (Nematoda: Capillariidae) from cultured Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Turkey

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-275
Author(s):  
Z. Pekmezci ◽  
S. Umur
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
New Record ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
First Record ◽  
Parasite Fauna ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Latitude

AbstractThe nematode Schulmanela petruschewskii (Shulman, 1948) was identified during the parasitological examination on the liver parenchyma in one specimens of a cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) which reared in Derbent Dam Lake in Samsun, Turkey (41°25′6′’ North latitude, 35°49′52′’ East longitude) in August 2008. This parasite species was not previously reported from Turkey. With the present study we report S. petruschewskii for the first time in Turkey. This specimen which is a parasite of cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is a new record for the Turkish parasite fauna. Original measurements and figures are presented.

scholarly journals Community structures of endoparasitic helminths of Channa punctatus from a fresh water river and a polluted lagoon of Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Osman Ghani ◽  
Aminul Islam Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Channa Punctatus ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Richness Index ◽  
Satellite Species ◽  
Species Category

Community structures of the parasites of Channa punctatus collected from fresh water Ichamoti river (IR) and a polluted sewerage treatment lagoon (SL) near Dhaka city were determined. Out of the total 104 C. punctatus fish observed, 78.85% were parasitized by at least one species of helminth endoparasites. Twelve metazoan endoparasite (viz. six trematodes, one cestode, three nematodes and two acantho-cephalans) were recorded. Neopecoelina saharanpuriensis, Pallisentis nandai, P. ophiocephali, Ascaridia sp. were common in both sites. Euclinostomum heterostomum, an unidentified digenean, Genarchopsis ozakii, Gangesia bengalensis, Buckleynema channi were recorded from IR and Genarchopsis bangladensis, Phyllodistomum chauhani, Camallanus intestinalus from the SL fishes. Trematode was the most prevalent group and had 63.46% and 53.85% prevalence in IR and SL sample fishes, respectively. Among the parasites of IR sample, only E. heterostomum was accounted as secondary and others fall in the satellite species category; no central species accounted in the sample. In case of SL sample, no parasite species found central, Pallisentis spp. could be considered secondary and others as satellite species. A significant positive correlation was observed between the standard length of the host, and the abundance and prevalence found only for Pallisentis spp. in SL fishes, and between the standard length and the abundance of the Ascaridia sp. in IR fishes. The larger hosts were more infected than the smaller hosts. Parasites of the fish of both sites showed typical over-dispersed distribution pattern in both the sites. No parasite showed random or uniform distribution in both the sample fishes. Parasite species richness index was lower in SL sample. Prevalence and intensity were higher in both sexes in SL sample than those of in IR sample.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v39i2.10584 Bangladesh J. Zool. 39(2): 173-185, 2011 

The breeding season and diet of Arvicanthis in northern Nigeria

1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Safianu Rabiu ◽  
Martin Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Food Supply ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Northern Nigeria ◽  
East African ◽  
African Savanna ◽  
Seasonal Differences ◽  
Sudan Savanna ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACTThe breeding season and diet of the rat Arvicanthis was monitored from December 1983 to November 1985 in the semi-arid Sudan savanna at Kano, Nigeria, West Africa. Breeding began 1–2 months before the start of the rainy season and ceased at the beginning of the dry season. The diet of Arvicanthis was omnivorous, but with seasonal differences. Monocotyledons and dicotyledons predominated in the diet in the dry season, with seeds and insects increasing in the diet in the rainy season. The major differences between the ecology of Arvicanthis at Kano and on the East African savanna were that in East Africa the breeding season is longer and begins after the start of the rainy season. These and other dissimilarities between the biology of Arvicanthis in the two areas could be due to the effect of climatic differences on food supply and to the possible existence of different taxonomic groupings of Arvicanthis in the two regions.

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