scholarly journals Outcome of treatment of OPC poisoning patients with atropine or atropine plus pralidoxime

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Kamal ◽  
Shamima Akhter ◽  
Sk Farid Uddin Ahmed ◽  
Poritosh Kumar Chowdhury ◽  
AKM Mamunur Rashid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Ventilatory Support ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Organophosphorus compound (OPC) poisoning is common in Bangladesh and management facility is not adequate in most hospitals. Both inj. Atropine and inj. Pralidoxime is used as antidote for the management of OPC poisoning, although there is controversy regarding benefit of inj. Pralidoxime.Objective: This randomised clinical trial was conducted to compare the outcome of OPC poisoning patients treated by inj. Atropine along with supportive measures and by inj. Atropine plus inj. Pralidoxime along with supportive measures . This study also evaluated the clinical profile of OPC poisoning patients.Methods: A total number of 109 patients, admitted in medicine ward in Khulna medical college hospital during one year period were included in this randomised clinical trial. The patients were divided into two groups according to alternate day of admission in the medicine wards. Forty nine patients of group A was treated by inj. atropine only along with other supportive measures required and group B of 60 patients was treated by inj. atropine plus inj. pralidoxime along with supportive measures.Results: 49 patients of group A was treated with atropine alone and 60 patients in group B was treated with atropine plus pralidoxime. Death rate was 14.28% in atropine treated group and 16.66% in atropine plus pralidoxime treated group (p=0.733). The difference in death rate is not statistically significant. Four (8.18%) patients from atropine treated group and 4 (6.67%) patients from pralidoxime intervention group developed respiratory failure and ventilatory support was given in ICU. These 8 patients recovered. But this difference in development of respiratory failure is not statistically significant (p=0.766). The difference of death rate between male and female (12.5% Vs 18.87%) is not also significant (p=0.360).Conclusion: This study reveals that pralidoxime provides no better outcome in the management of OPC poisoning patients.Bang Med J (Khulna) 2017; 50 : 3-7

scholarly journals The Pandemic and Changes in the Self-Perception of Teacher Digital Competences of Infant Grade Students: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4756
Author(s):  
Rosalía Romero-Tena ◽  
Carmen Llorente-Cejudo ◽  
María Puig-Gutiérrez ◽  
Raquel Barragán-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Intervention Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Digital Competence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Group A ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Without having a reaction time, the pandemic has caused an unprecedented transformation in universities around the world, leading to a revolution from structured models anchored in the conception of transmission of training towards a teaching approach-learning saved thanks to the incorporation of technology. This study aims to verify whether the pandemic situation has influenced the digital competence self-perception of students. Comparing two groups during the academic years 2019/2020 and 2020/2021, the instrument used is the questionnaire for digital competence “DigCompEdu Check-In” for future teachers. After the educational intervention, group A (before COVID-19) presented higher self-perceptions of competence than group B (during COVID-19); the pandemic situation caused by COVID-19 has negatively influenced students’ self-perception of their digital skills in the pretest in the different dimensions under study. Before receiving the training, the group that did not experience the pandemic enjoyed a higher self-perception of their competencies than the group that experienced the pandemic. The data obtained indicate that the difference exists, and that it is statistically significant, and may be a consequence of the clear relationship between self-perception and the way in which students face reality through their personal and subjective vision.

scholarly journals Comparison between Autologous Blood and Fibrin Glue for Adhering Conjunctival Autografts after Pterygium Excision- A Randomised Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Sune ◽  
Pradeep Sune
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Group A ◽  
Pterygium Surgery ◽  
Pterygium Excision ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Fibrin glue is a biological tissue adhesive and acts on the principle of final stages of the coagulation cascade. The cost of commercially available products is very high and not affordable for the patients of low socio-economic strata. As an alternative, pterygium surgery was done using patient’s own blood to adhere the conjunctival autograft to scleral bed by the process of coagulation of fibrin from the oozing blood from the blood vessels under the flap. Aim: To compare autologous blood and fibrin glue for adhering conjunctival autografts after pterygium excision. Materials and Methods: It was a randomised clinical trial. Total 97 subjects with primary pterygium who visited the Ophthalmology Department were randomised into two groups. In group A (n=31), patients had undergone pterygium excision wherein conjunctival autograft was attached by fibrin glue. In group B (n=66) the graft was attached by autologous blood present on the scleral bed. Mean operative time for the procedures were compared. Follow- up was done for 12 months and all subjects were examined for postoperative pain, foreign body sensation, inflammation, graft stability and recurrence. Results: The mean age of patients in group A was 48.32±14.3 years (21-65 years), and in group B was 54.48±15.67 (23-74 years). Mean operating time in group A was 23.21±9.4 minutes and 13.7±4.3 minutes in group B, (p-value=0.001). Postoperative pain of mild degree was present in all the 31 (100%) subjects of group A. In group B, pain was absent in 32 (48.5%) and mild degree in 34 (51.5%) subjects. No recurrence was found in both the groups. Mean follow-up period was 11.4 months. Conclusion: This study concludes that autologous blood is a useful alternative method for graft attachment in pterygium surgery without the untoward complications related to fibrin glue.

Randomized Trial of Silver Nitrate with Sodium Fluoride for Caries Arrest

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Gao ◽  
D. Duangthip ◽  
M.C.M. Wong ◽  
E.C.M. Lo ◽  
C.H. Chu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Preschool Children ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Sodium Fluoride ◽  
Silver Diamine Fluoride ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Objectives: The aim of this noninferiority double-blind randomized clinical trial was to compare the effectiveness of the topical semiannual application of a 25% silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution followed by a 5% sodium fluoride (NaF) varnish with that of a 38% silver diamine fluoride (SDF) solution in arresting caries among preschool children. Methods: Healthy 3-y-old children with active dentine carious lesions were randomly allocated to 2 groups via computer-generated random numbers. Lesions in group A received applications of a 25% AgNO3 solution followed by a 5% NaF varnish semiannually (every 6 mo). Lesions in group B received semiannual applications of a 38% SDF solution followed by a placebo varnish. A trained examiner recorded the status of caries and oral hygiene at baseline and during follow-up examinations. The examiner, children, and their caretakers were blinded to the intervention allocation. This study adopted an intention-to-treat analysis. A noninferiority test was conducted for the data analysis. Group A’s noninferiority was accepted if the lower limit of the 95% CI for the difference in the mean number of arrested surfaces was >−0.5. Results: A total of 1,070 children were recruited at baseline, with 535 children in each group. After 18 mo, the mean ± SD number of arrested surfaces was 3.3 ± 3.4 in group A (n = 484) and 3.2 ± 3.5 in group B (n = 476; P = 0.664). The difference in the mean number of arrested surfaces between the groups was 0.092 (95% CI, −0.322 to 0.505). Apart from black staining on the arrested lesions, no other significant side effect was observed. Conclusion: A semiannual application of 25% AgNO3 followed by 5% NaF is no worse than a 38% SDF in arresting dentine caries among preschool children over 18 mo. The Hong Kong Research Grants Council (GRF 17107315) funded this trial, which was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02019160). Knowledge Transfer Statement: This randomized clinical trial found that silver nitrate solution followed by sodium fluoride varnish is effective in arresting dentine caries among preschool children. As silver nitrate followed by sodium fluoride is a noninvasive and simple protocol, it can be an alternative strategy to manage dental caries among young children, especially in countries where silver diamine fluoride is not available.

scholarly journals A Randomized Clinical Trial on Imipramine and Oxybutynin for the Treatment of Children With Primary Nocturnal Enuresis

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-82
Author(s):  
Sudip Das Gupta ◽  
Md Rasiduzzaman ◽  
Md Zahurul Haque ◽  
Yesmin Sultana ◽  
Mohammad Mahfuzur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trial ◽  
Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Behavioral Modification ◽  
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Nocturnal enuresis is a common childhood problem. There are several treatment options for the treatment of children with primary enuresis including behavioral modification, drug therapy like tricyclic antidepressant, vasopressin analog and anticholinergic drugs. Objective: To observe the efficacy of oxybutynin and imipramine for the treatment of children with primary nocturnal enuresis in terms of symptom relief and disease control. Materials and methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted in urology outpatient department, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from May 2015 to April 2016. Total 70 patients with primary nocturnal enuresis were selected according to selection criteria. After duly taking informed written consent, patients were randomly divided into 2 groups by lottery method. In this way 35 patients were selected as group- A and 35 patients were selected as group-B. Patients of group-A were treated with imipramine and Group-B were treated with oxybutynin. Results: Age range of the subjects was from 5-16 years. Among them 30% of the subjects in the imipramine group were between 7-9 years of age and 30% of the subjects in the oxybutynin group were between 5-7 years of age. The male-female ratio was 1.2:1.Thirty five percent of the subjects had positive family history while remaining 65% did not have such history. At the base line study, 80% of the subjects did not show satisfactory result following 2 weeks of behavioral modification while 20% showed improvement. Before starting drug therapy, 60% patients had 4-5 bed-wetting nights/week. Following treatment, frequency of bed wetting dropped sharply to <3 at the end of month 3 and begin to rise again after discontinuation of therapy. At the end of month 3, imipramine cured in 46.7% cases with adverse effects like insomnia, nausea, anxiety, palpitation, lethargy while oxybutynin cured 40% patients with more adverse effects like headache, palpitation, dry mouth, constipation, tiredness, nervousness and fever. Early relapse of nocturnal enuresis 3 months after withdrawal the drugs and it was higher in the imipramine treated group than oxybutynin treated group which was 47.8% and 45% respectively. Conclusion: Outcome of imipramine is better than oxybutynin and side effects are significantly higher in oxybutynin. I Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 21, No. 2, July 2018 p.76-82

Evaluation of the Effects of Lumbosacral Corset on the Patients with Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Md. Abdus Shakoor ◽  
Mohammad Tariqul Islam ◽  
Md. Muhibbur Rahman ◽  
Md. Shahidur Rahman ◽  
Md. Moyeenuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group B ◽  
Medical University

Abstract A randomised clinical trial was conducted in the Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (PMR), Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. A total of 81 patients having chronic LBP were included according to the selection criteria. Out of them, 31 (38.3%) were male and 50 (61.7 %) were female in a ratio of 1: 1.61. The mean age of the patients in study was 41.65 ± 8.41years. Female persons were affected in their earlier ages (between 30 and 45 years) than male. Most of the patients were housewives (54.3%). The patients were divided randomly into two groups by the way of lottery for the clinical trial. Group-A patients were treated with NSAIDs, activities of daily living instructions (ADLs) and lumbosacral corset and group-B patients were treated with NSAIDs and ADLs. The patients were followed up weekly for five weeks and significant improvement was recorded after the treatment in both the groups (p=0.001). In comparison between two groups, it was found that there was no significant improvement in pre-treatment, after 1st week and after 3rd week. A little bit improvement was found in group-A patients than group-B after 4th week (p= 0.06). But finally, there was significant improvement in group-A than group-B patients after 5th week (p=0.005). So, it may be concluded that both the treatment is effective for the patients with chronic non-specific LBP. But the patient may be more benefited if lumbosacral corset is used as an adjunct to NSAIDs.

scholarly journals Prophylactic antibiotics in patients with episiotomy following normal vaginal delivery: a randomised clinical trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 3846
Author(s):  
Nirav J. Garala ◽  
Sabnam S. Nambiar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Prolonged Hospital

Background: Postpartum  infectious  complications  following  normal  vaginal delivery  remains  a  cause  of   major  concern for  the  health  care professionals  due  to  higher  morbidity  and  mortality  and  prolonged hospital  stays  and  increased  healthcare  costs which makes us consider prophylactic use of antibiotics after normal vaginal delivery. On the other hand unjudicious use of antibiotics has led to widespread antibiotic resistance. Therefore this study was carried out to validate the use of prophylactic antibiotics in these patients and their role in prevention of puerperial pyrexia, wound infections and prolonged hospital stay.Methods: This Randomised clinical trial was conducted at KCHC-Kerala Co-operative Hospital Complex, Pariyaram, Kannur District, Kerala from 1st March 2012 to 30th April 2013. Eligible women were randomly assigned to group which does not receive prophylactic antibiotics (Group A) and group receiving prophylactic antibiotics (Group B). Patients in both the groups were examined every day till the patient was discharged from the hospital and observed for signs and symptoms of infected episiotomy wound, puerperial pyrexia and duration of hospital stay was noted.Results: Mean age in years was 25.6 for Group A and 26.2 for Group B. Mean gestational age in both the groups was 37.6 weeks. Mean duration of labour was 6.62 and 6.22 hours for Group A and B respectively. 6 subjects in Group A and 5 subjects in Group B had puerperial pyrexia. 3 Subjects in Group A and 2 subjects in Group B had wound infection. The mean duration of hospital stay for Group A was 4.18 with SD of 1.0 while mean hospital stay for Group B was 4.01 with SD of 1.1.Conclusions: By comparing subjects in both the groups with respect to puerperial pyrexia, wound infection and duration of hospital stay there was no statistical difference in any of the above criteria in both groups. Hence, in view of the risk of allergic reactions, toxicity and the selection of resistant strains the prophylactic administration of antibiotics does not seem to be justified in patients with episiotomy following vaginal delivery as per this study.

Effect of Αlfa-Tocopherol on Pain and Inflammation of Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Tasneema Juaira ◽  
Noorzahan Begum ◽  
Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽  
Mohammad Asaduzzaman Patwary
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Formalin Test ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Test Duration ◽  
Loading Dose ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Medical University

Background: Alfa-tocopherol (αT) is a naturally occurring lipid soluble anti-oxidant that protects our body from oxidative process.Objective: The purpose of the present study was to assess the effects of α-tocopherol on pain and inflammation in rats.Methodology: This prospective experimental study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Shahbag, Dhaka, Bangladesh from January 2013 to December 2013. Ten (10) male Long Evans rats, weighing 180 to 250 grams, were collected from Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetic Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders (BIRDEM), Shahbag, Dhaka for this purpose. On the basis of vitamin, all the rats were divided into two (02) groups (5 rats in each group). Group A received normal saline and group B received α-tocopherol. All the groups received single dose and equal volume through intraperitoneal route. Just one hour after administrations, 5 rats of each group were subjected to formalin test followed by formalin induced paw edema test.Results: In early, inter and late phases, the frequencies of jerking was significantly lower in group B than that of group A. In the early and late phases of formalin test duration of flexing and licking was significantly (p<0.05) lower in group B than that of group. In this study, mean±SE of paw edema volume in group A (0.28 ± 0.02 ml) was higher than that of group B (0.20 ± 0.03) but the difference was not statistically significant (p=0.070). Supplementation with single loading dose of α-tocopherol significantly (p<0.05) lowered the variables for nociceptive pain, central analgesic activity and inflammatory pain in comparison to normal saline treated group (control). Inflammations were also non-significantly reduced than those of control rats.  Conclusion: From this study it may be concluded that, single loading dose of α-tocopherol have analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect.Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2018;5(1):15-18

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Topical Oxiconazole Cream (1%) Versus Ketoconazole Cream (2%) in the Treatment of Inguinocrural Dermatophytoses

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Farzana Afroz ◽  
Md Shahidullah ◽  
Mohd Nurul Alam ◽  
Humaira Afreen ◽  
Tahmina Sultana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

A clinical trial was carried out for the duration of six months from September' 2012 to February' 2013 in the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Shaheed Monsur Ali Medical College, Uttara Dhaka and patients attending private clinical chamber. To evaluate the effectiveness of oxiconazole cream in comparison to the ketoconazole cream for the treatment of inguinocrural dermatophytoses.A total number of 60 patients with inguinocrural dermatophytoses were included in the study of which 30 patients were treated with oxiconazole (Group A) and the rest 30 patients were treated with ketoconazole (Group B)once daily for 21 days and weekly the outcome of lesions were clinically evaluated and recorded.In group A, male and female were 17 (56.7%) cases and 13 (43.3%) cases respectively. In group B, male and female were 16 (53.3%) cases and 14 (46.7%) cases respectively.The mean age with SD in group A and group B were 28.93 ± 8.29 years and 31.36 ± 8.36 years respectively. The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 6.26 ± 2.22 minutes and 6.53 ± 1.81 minutes respectively at the time of observation and 4.23 ± 1.50 minutes and 5.13 ± 1.45 minutes respectively after 1 week and 2.00 ± 1.22 minutes and 3.25 ± 1.07 minutes respectively after 2 weeks. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p=0.006). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 0.00 ± 0.00 minutes and 1.75 ± 0.95 respectively after 3 weeks.Sotopical treatment oxiconazole has revealed itself to be as efficient as ketoconazole and it seems more effective and better tolerated than ketoconazole.Medicine Today 2016 Vol.28(2): 57-61

Efficacy and Safety of Oral Ivermectin and Topical Permethrin in the Treatment of Scabies

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Mohsena Akhter ◽  
Ishrat Bhuiyan ◽  
Zulfiqer Hossain Khan ◽  
Mahfuza Akhter ◽  
Gulam Kazem Ali Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Randomized Study ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Background: Scabies is one of the most common skin diseases in our country. It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, which is an ecto-parasite infesting the epidermis. Scabies is highly contagious. Prevalence is high in congested or densely populated areas. Individuals with close contact with an affected person should be treated with scabicidal which is available in both oral and topical formulations. The only oral but highly effective scabicidal known to date is Ivermectin. Amongst topical preparations, Permethrin 5 % cream is the treatment of choice. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy & safety of oral Ivermectin compared to topical Permethrin in the treatment of scabies. Methodology: This prospective, non-randomized study was conducted at the out-patient department of Dermatology and Venereology of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College & Hospital over a period of 6 months, from August 2016 to January 2017. The study population consisted of one hundred patients having scabies, enrolled according to inclusion criteria. They were divided into two groups. group A was subjected to oral Ivermectin and the group B to Permethrin 5% cream. Patients were followed up on day 7 and 14 for assessment of efficacy and safety. Result: The mean scoring with SD in group A (Ivermectin) and group B (Permethrin) were 8.26 ± 2.22 and 7.59 ± 2.01 respectively at the time of observation. The difference between the mean score of the two group is not significant (p=0.117) the mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 4.54 ± 2.05 and 1.64 ± 1.84 respectively at 7thdays. The difference between the mean score of the two group is significant (p<0.001). The mean scoring with SD in group A and group B were 2.68± 2.35 and .36± 1.10 respectively at 14th day difference between the mean score of the group is significant (p<0.001). Conclusion: Topical application of permethrin 5% cream is more effective and safer than oral Ivermectin in the treatment of scabies. TAJ 2020; 33(1): 41-47

Effect of Sample Storage Conditions on Body Burden Analysis of Organic Contaminants in Unionid Mussels

1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheline Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Body Burden ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sample Storage ◽  
Pcb Congeners ◽  
Unionid Mussels ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B

Abstract In order to quantitatively assess the effect of sample storage conditions on the body burden analysis of organic contaminants, a comparative analysis was carried out on the unionid mussel Elliptic complanata. The mussels were divided into two groups, each with distinct storage conditions, while Group A was kept in the freezer at −20°C, Group B was kept in the refrigerator for five days at 5°C. All the compounds present in the control were also present in Group B samples. Analysis of the organic contaminants in each of these two groups showed that for total PCB concentrations, the two treatments were not significantly different; however when compared individually 6 of the 13 PCB congeners showed significant differences. The observed differences were relatively small for individual PCB congeners (7.1 to 15.3%), higher for chlorobenzenes (10.5 to 36.4%), and yet higher for HCE (44.1%); the difference for HCE, although large is nevertheless not significant, even if only marginally so.

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