scholarly journals Preparation and Evaluation of Ornidazole Periodontal Films

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayera Islam Urmi ◽  
Marzia Alam ◽  
Md Saiful Islam Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Folding Endurance

Periodontitis is a local infection in the gingival crevices, which affects the structural organs surrounding the teeth like periodontal ligament, connective tissue and bone. Ornidazole is an antimicrobial drug widely used to treat periodontitis. The primary objective of this study was to design and evaluate periodontal films of ornidazole for placement into the periodontal pockets for targeted delivery of drug. Nine formulations (F1 to F9) were prepared by solvent casting method using polymer A, polymer B and plasticizer A. Chloroform and dichloromethane were used as solvent system. The API and dental films were then evaluated for various parameters including trinocular microscopic image, melting point, weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, surface pH, swelling index, percentage moisture loss, antimicrobial activity, content uniformity, in vitro drug release and release kinetics as well as RTIR and DSC. Formulation F1 showed the minimum weight and thickness and F9 showed the maximum. It was observed that weight and thickness of film were directly proportional to the total solid content of the film. RSDs of content uniformity test for all the batches were below 3.0%. Folding endurance and swelling index of films were inversely proportional to the amount of polymer in the film. The surface pH of all the batches were between 6-7. Formulation F1 revealed the maximum percentage of moisture loss (19.34%), while F8 showed the minimum (3.654%). Formulation F2 demonstrated data the highest zone of inhibition (21.91 mm).Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 19(2): 133-146, 2016

scholarly journals DESIGN, DEVELOPMENT, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF OROMUCOSAL WAFER OF TRAMADOL HYDROCHLORIDE

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Rita N Wadetwar ◽  
Tejaswini Charde
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Biodegradable Polymer ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Water Soluble Polymer ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Folding Endurance

Objective: The objective of the present work was the preparation of fast-dissolving film of tramadol HCl (TMH) using water-soluble polymer, to achieve faster onset of action, to improve patient compliance, ease of dosing, and bypass the first-pass metabolism. Methods: TMH oromucosal wafers were prepared using pullulan as natural, biodegradable polymer, and propylene glycol as plasticizer by solvent casting method. Formulation batches were prepared using 32 full-factorial designs. The prepared TMH oromucosal wafers were characterized for morphology, uniformity of weight, drug content, folding endurance, in vitro disintegration time (DT), % moisture content, surface pH, in vitro % drug release, ex vivo permeation studies, compatibility studies (differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction), and stability studies.Results: Optimized batch of mouth-dissolving film of TMH containing pullulan as polymer showed 98.67±0.11% drug release at 6 min. It showed better folding endurance 88 No. of folds, in vitro DT 5.11 s, surface pH 6.84±0.12 pH, thickness 0.17±0.11 mm, and percentage content uniformity 98.45±0.48%. Stability studies carried out for the best formulation FDF5 revealed that the formulation was stable.Conclusion: The results obtained in this research work clearly indicated a promising potential of fast-dissolving oral films using natural biodegradable polymer, pullulan which gave rapid drug delivery and rapid onset of action of centrally acting drug, TMH for patients suffering from pain.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF FAST DISSOLVING ORAL FILM OF ANTI-ALLERGIC DRUG

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABRAHAM LINKU ◽  
JOSEPH SIJIMOL
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Onset Of Action ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Permeation Study ◽  
Weight Variation

The aim of present work was the development of fast dissolving oral film of Loratadine to overcome the limitations of current routes of administration, to provide immediate action and increase the patient compliance. To improve the bioavailability of the drug, fast dissolving oral film were formulated using different grades of Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose(HPMC) and various plasticizers like Polyethylene Glycol(PEG) 400, glycerol, Propylene glycol(PG) by solvent casting method. The formulated films were evaluated for film thickness, surface pH, folding endurance, weight variation, % moisture loss, exvivo permeation study, tensile strength, % elongation, drug content uniformity, in vitro dissolution studies,in vitro disintegration test and in vivo study. The optimized formulation (F9) containing HPMC E5 and glycerol showed minimum disintegration time (10.5 s), highest in vitrodissolution (92.5%) and satisfactory stability. Ex vivo permeation study of optimized formulation showed a drug release of 80.6% within 10 min. The milk induced leucocytosis inrat proved that fast dissolving oral films of Loratadine produced a faster onset of action compared to the conventional tablets. These findings suggest that fast dissolving oral film of Loratadine could be potentially useful for treatment of allergy where quick onset of action is required.

scholarly journals FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ORAL DISINTEGRATING FILM OF ATENOLOL

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 312
Author(s):  
Sanjay P ◽  
Vishal Gupta N ◽  
Gowda Dv ◽  
Praveen Sivadasu
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Drug Polymer Interaction ◽  
Oral Films

Objective: The main objective of the study was to formulate the oral disintegrating films loaded with atenolol by solvent-casting method and to carry out its evaluation studies.Methods: The films were prepared using the film-forming hydrophilic polymer like hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (E-5) and super disintegrant like pectin in various proportions.The formulated oral films were characterized for Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and morphological evaluations. Various physicochemical parameters such as weight variation, folding endurance, surface pH, in vitro disintegration, and in vitro dissolution studies were carried out.Results: FTIR studies revealed that there was no drug-polymer interaction. The morphological evaluation of films showed that all the films were homogenous and transparent. The folding endurance test ensured that the films had sufficient brittleness and by weight variation test, it was inferred that all the films were within the deviation. The surface pH study showed the pH of the films was around neutral pH. The drug was well distributed in all the films. The films disintegrated within 120 s and the fastest being disintegrated in 30 s. Based on all the evaluation parameters, F6 had shown optimal performance and remarkable increase in drug release of 94.38% in 2 min.Conclusion: Thus, formulated oral disintegrating films can be termed as an alternative approach to deliver atenolol.

Development and Evaluation of Fast dissolving Film of Fluoxetine hydrochloride

2021 ◽  
pp. 5345-5350
Author(s):  
Vedanshu Malviya ◽  
Srikant Pande
Keyword(s):  
Stability Study ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Disintegration Time ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Fluoxetine Hydrochloride ◽  
Folding Endurance

The intention of the present study was to formulate the oral dispersible film of Fluoxetine hydrochloride using pullulan as a polymer and to evaluate it with the different parameters. The drug-excipients studies were carried out in order to determine any type of incompatibilities by using Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The oral dispersible films were prepared using solvent casting method using pullulan as a polymer. Glycerin was used as a plasticizer. The prepared films were evaluated for the parameters like physical appearance, thickness, folding endurance, In-vitro disintegration, mechanical properties, surface pH, drug content uniformity, taste evaluation, In-vitro dissolution test and stability study. The X5 formulation was found to be stable and appropriate in its evaluation parameters than compared to other formulations. The folding endurance was found to be 259±2.53, disintegration time was found to be 04±0.69, thickness was found to be 0.081±0.003, tensile strength was found to be 5.55, the % elongation was found to be 27.50, the maximum percentage drug release was found to be 95.80% in 30 minutes. The drug content was found to be 99.86 with surface pH of 6.8. In the stability studies of the formulation the product was found to be stable for 90 days. The oral dispersible film is simple to administer and very much effective for the patients and the prepared film of fluoxetine hydrochloride proves to be potential candidate for safe and effective oral dispersible drug delivery.

scholarly journals PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF SIMVASTATIN TRANSDERMAL FILM

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Haritha V. Anod ◽  
N. Vishal Gupta ◽  
D. V. Gowda ◽  
Manohar M.
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Solvent Evaporation ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Transdermal Film

Objective: The objective of the study was to prepare simvastatin transdermal films for the treatment of atherosclerosis and to evaluate the effect of concentration of polymer on penetration enhancement.Methods: Solvent evaporation technique was employed for the preparation of films and the prepared films were evaluated for various physicochemical properties of films such as tensile strength, thickness, surface pH, swellability, drug content, moisture content and folding endurance. In vitro drug, release study and release kinetics were also studied.Results: Tensile strength ranged from 3.56±0.343 to 4.56±0.12 (N/mm²). The films were of uniform weight. Thickness varied from 0.2±0.3 mm to 0.2±0.8 mm. Surface pH ranged from 6.6±0.14 to 6.9±0.16. Percentage swellability ranged from12.1±0.36 to 16.3±0.22. Percentage drug content ranged from 88.4±0.7% to 90.5±0.6% in all the formulation. Percentage moisture content ranged from 0.864 to 1.03%. Moisture uptake was from 2.6±0.24 to 2.9±0.072. The folding endurance test gave satisfactory results and F3 formulation showed maximum drug release.Conclusion: From the study, it was concluded that out of various formulations, the F3 formulation was found to be the optimum formulation with 88% drug release at the fourteenth hour.Keywords: Simvastatin, Transdermal film, Solvent evaporation, Penetration enhancer, Swellability

scholarly journals Preparation and Evaluation of Metronidazole Benzoate Periodontal Patches

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-102
Author(s):  
Farhana Tasneem ◽  
Marzia Alam ◽  
Md Saiful Islam Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Total Solid ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Metronidazole Benzoate ◽  
Gum Disease

Periodontitis is a serious gum disease that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports the teeth. According to WHO, globally 15–20% of middle-aged (35-44 years) adults, suffer from severe periodontal (gum) diseases. Metronidazole benzoate is an antibacterial agent prescribed against different diseases including, periodontitis and several other protozoal infestations. The aim of this experiment was to formulate intrapocket periodontal patches of metronidazole benzoate to provide site specific therapeutic activity with very small loading dose. Nine (F1 to F9) formulations of metronidazole benzoate were prepared by solvent casting method using ethyl cellulose and Eudragit RLPO as polymers, dibutyl phthalate as plasticizer and alcohol and chloroform as solvent system. Various physicochemical evaluations including FTIR, Trinocular Microscopic images, folding endurance, surface pH and content uniformity were determined. All the batches revealed content uniformity between 94.0% to 98.0%. It was observed that the thickness and weight of the films were directly proportional to the total solid content of the film. F1 showed the lowest thickness and weight (232.5 ?m and 35.45 mg respectively) and F9 displayed the highest (864.7 ?m and 85.23 mg respectively). Folding endurance was directly proportional to the content of plasticizer. Formulation F3 was considered as the best formulation based on its transparent appearance, folding endurance (>200 times), surface pH (6-7) and 97.5% content uniformity.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 18(2): 97-102, 2015

scholarly journals Preparation and assessment of ocular inserts containing sulbactum for controlled drug delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-s) ◽  
pp. 66-71
Author(s):  
Monika Dhaka ◽  
Rupa Mazumdar ◽  
Md Rafiul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Drug Content ◽  
Controlled Drugs ◽  
Accelerated Stability ◽  
Folding Endurance ◽  
Alcohol Ethyl

Ocuserts or Ophthalmic inserts are sterile preparations containing drug as dispersion or as solution in the polymeric support. The sulbactum is highly used as antibacterial agent in combination with other antibacterial agent. This study aims to formulate novel sulbactum ocuserts to enhance patient compliance through providing controlled drugs release from polymeric matrix. Ocuserts were prepared by solvent-casting method using different polymers HPMC, K4M, Polyvinyl alcohol,ethyl cellulose as polymer gelatine and propylene glycol and dibutyl phthalate as plasticizer in different ratios. The prepared ocusters were physic-chemichally evaluated for their weight, thickness, drug content uniformity, surface pH, swelling index (SI) and folding endurance. The viscosity of the polymeric solution used for the formulations was determined using Brookfield viscometer. In-Vitro Drug Release study and Accelerated stability studies were also performed. The prepared ocuserts show uniform weight, thickness and drug content. Their surface pH was in the physiological range and showed acceptable folding endurance. HPMC formulas had higher SI values. Results of in-vitro testing for one of the prepared ocuserts shows slow release of drugs up to 24 hours. One of the prepared ocuserts is promising for once-daily effective and safe drug delivery system of sulbactum for glaucoma treatment. Keyword: Ocuserts, sulbactum, viscosity, Ophthalmic

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Benazepril Hydrochloride Transdermal Films for Controlled Drug Release

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Usha Sri1 ◽  
G. Arjun
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Drug Dissolution ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Weight Variation

The current research deals with formulation and evaluation of Benazepril hydrochloride transdermal films, by varying ratios of polymers Eudragit RL100, Eudragit RS100 by film casting technique. Preformulation studies were conducted to check the solubility, melting point and partition coefficient. The eleven formulations were analyzed for physicochemical parameters and drug dissolution potential of transdermal films. All the formulations are transparent with minimum weight variation and uniform thickness. The drug content uniformity of all the formulations vary between 96.84 ± 3.7% to 96.98 ± 1.6% indicate uniform drug distribution. The low water vapour transmission values indicate good water vapour permeation. The folding endurance is between 246 ± 4.60 to 315 ± 4.13 indicates that the transdermal films can withstand rupture. In vitro drug dissolution study indicates maximum amount of drug 96.8% (F2) released in 24 h when compared with marketed formulation 84.81%. The release order follows Fickian diffusion. The formulation F2 was optimized based on drug flux, permeability coefficient and enhancement ratio.

scholarly journals Formulation and Evaluation of Swellable Oral Thin Film of Metoclopramide Hydrochloride

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Marzia Alam ◽  
Farhana Tasneem ◽  
Md Saiful Islam Pathan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Content Uniformity ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Metoclopramide Hydrochloride ◽  
Film Formulation ◽  
Post Operative Nausea

Traditionally metoclopramide hydrochloride is used as an antiemetic in migraine & cancer patients and in controlling post-operative nausea and vomiting. The main aim of this study was to develop a swellable oral thin film for the treatment of the mentioned pathological conditions. This swellable thin film formulation is specially designed for paediatric patients for oral administration, where it will swell up when exposed to saliva in the oral cavity and will be easily swallowed by the patient, without the need for water. Nine formulations of swellable oral thin film of metoclopramide hydrochloride such as F1 to F9 were prepared by solvent casting method. The drug-Povidone K90 ratio were 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, 1:8 and 1:9, respectively. Various physicochemical evaluations including weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, in vitro dissolution studies, content uniformity, FTIR, Trinocular microscopic imaging and swelling property of film were conducted. It was observed that thickness and weight of film was directly proportional to the total solid content of the film (F1 showed the lowest thickness and weight and F9 showed the highest). All the batches revealed content uniformity between 98.0% to 101.0% and cumulative drug release between 94.8% and 102.4%. Swelling behavior of film was inversely proportional to the quantity of Povidone K90 in the film. Formulation F1 showed the highest linear expansion co-efficient (L%) and percentage increase in weight due to swelling while F9 demonstrated the lowest corresponding to the quantity of Povidone K90. Quantity of glycerin and Povidone K90 affected the appearance and peeling of the films. F1, F2 and F3 had lowest quantity of glycerin and Povidone K90 and were least glossy and easier to peel out and F7, F8 and F9 with highest quantity of glycerin and Povidone K90 and were glossiest but hardest to peel out. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bpj.v17i1.22325 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 17(1): 102-112, 2014

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF OCULAR FILMS OF OFLOXACIN FOR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Sokindra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Stability Study ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Anhydrous Calcium Chloride ◽  
Ocular Infection ◽  
Surface Ph ◽  
Folding Endurance

Objective: The current study emphasizes on the treatment of ocular infection with objectives of reducing the frequency of administration, obtaining controlled release and greater therapeutic efficacy of the drug (ofloxacin) using ocular films.Methods: Ocular films were designed by solvent evaporation method containing a different combination of polymers. The folding endurance (mechanical strength) was determined by the number of folds at a specific single place required to break the film into two parts. Thickness was measured using screw gauze. The surface pH was done by pH paper. The percentage moisture absorption was carried out by placing the ocular films in a desiccator containing ammonium chloride. Percentage moisture loss was carried out by placing the ocular films in the desiccator containing anhydrous calcium chloride. in vitro drug release study were carried by using a modified version of franz diffusion cell. Stability study were carried using stability chambers as per ICH guidelines. The antibacterial activity was performed by using male albino rabbits.Results: The thickness and folding endurance of the films were in the range of 44±1.1 to 92±1.8 and 4.5±0.6 to 6.8±0.3, respectively for different formulations. Surface pH was evaluated in the range of 6.6 to 7.2. Percentage moisture absorption and percentage moisture loss were evaluated in the range of 1.17±1.1 to 6.72±1.5 and 0.58±0.9 to 1.23±0.9 respectively. Microbial growth was not observed in any formulation during sterility testing. The drug release for different batch codes PAH, PBE, PCP, PDC, PEEH, and PFEC was found to be 96.2, 56.9, 93.4, 94.5, 98.4 and 95.9 % respectively up to 12 h. Ocular films of batch code PEEH was optimized for maximum drug release (98.4%). The antibacterial effect was noted periodically (01 to 05 d) after administration of sterile formulation in the treated eyes vs. control eyes of each rabbit. The optimized batch PEEH of ocular films reduced the infection and redness completely within 3 d in a single dose.Conclusion: The optimized formulation would be able to offer benefits such as increased residence time, prolonged drug release, reduced frequency of administration and improved patient compliance with complete removal of inflammation and redness from the cul-de-sac.

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