Formulation and Evaluation of Ointment of Valproic Acid

The objective of proposed study are as to the developed low dose maintenance therapy so reduce the risk of potential side-effects and improve patient compliance. The present study is focused on the development of transdermal drug delivery system (Patches) for sustain delivery of Valproic Acid.

Evaluation of Transdermal Patches of Valproic Acid

Conventional System of Medication that requires multi dose therapy are having many problems. The controlled drug delivery is a newer approach is to deliver drug into systemic circulation. As Valproic Acid is a drug to control the manic disorder so it is necessary to maintain the concentration of drug in systemic circulation continuously. So a new approach known as transdermal drug delivery system is adopted to avoid the various drawbacks of oral and other conventional dosage form.

Formulation and Evaluation of New Dosage Form of Calcium and Vitamin D

The aim of the research work was to develop a new dosage form (tablet in tablet) of calcium and vitamin D. In this research work vitamin D3 was used as vitamin D. This type of dosage form is very useful for elder people and children who have a week swallowing reflex. They have difficulty in swallowing tablets with water. In the present research work, pre-formulated and evaluated chewable tablets of calcium and vitamin D3 (from Formulation and Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Calcium and Vitamin D) were taken and then moulded into a jelly like material under specified conditions of temperature and humidity and a new dosage form was developed which is sweet, flavored and chewable dosage form (tablet in tablet). The new dosage form was subjected to various tests for evaluation of the new dosage form.

Development and Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Calcium and Vitamin D

The aim of research work was to prepare a formulation of calcium and vitamin D chewable tablets by wet granulation method using excipients and to evaluate the tablet properties. In this research work vitamin D3 was used as vitamin D. The blend was compressed on a rotary compresson machine. Tablets were subjected to various tests (weight variation, thickness, hardness and assay of calcium and vitamin D3 etc) and the results were in compliance with the pharmacopoeial specifications. All physical properties studied indicate that all excipients are good pharmaceutical excipients for tablets. The aim of this work was to minimise the complexity of formulation and to make cost effective product. Since tablets to be prepared are chewable so sweetening and flavouring agents are to be incorporated to make the tablet palatable and easily acceptable.

Method Development and Validation of A Novel Anti-Depressant Bupropion by RP-HPLC

A speedy, simple and precise RP-HPLC process was developed for the estimation of novel antidepressant drug bupropion with Waters X – Bridge C-18 5µm, 4.6 X 150 mm columnusing mobile phase Acetonitrile: Ammonium bicarbonate (5mM) pH-9 adjusted with 1% Ammonium hydroxide (50:50, %v/v).The flow rate was 1 ml/min and quantification was done by PDA detector at wavelength254nm.The Bupropion eluted from the column in 5.194 min. The validation was carried out in the light of ICH guidelines with respect to parameters linearity, specificity, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ). The proposed method showed linearity in the concentration range of 50 to 250 ppm for Bupropion. The linear regression equation of Bupropion was found to be y = 6E+06x + 91344 and correlation coefficient value was found to be 0.997 indicating a high degree of linearity for the drug. The limit of detection (LOD) of bupropion was 0.5 ppm and limit of quantification (LOQ) was 2.0 ppm. The low values of %recovery and %C.V. showed that the method is precise within the acceptance limit of 5% (according to ICH guidelines).

Design, Development and Evaluation of Gliclazide Tablets for Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

The goal of the present work was to formulate the oral tablets of gliclazide for non-insulin dependent diabetes and provide a dosage form for prolonged period of time, in order to improve efficacy, reduce the frequency of total dose and better patient compliance. The powders were evaluated for angle of repose, bulk density, compressibility index and hausner’s ratio. All the tests revealed that powders showed excellent flow properties. The resulting tablets were evaluated for thickness, diameter, and uniformity of weight test, hardness, friability and drug content. In-vitro release of drug was performed using 7.4 pH phosphate buffers and dissolution was done. All the tablet formulations showed acceptable pharmacological properties and complied with pharmacopoeias standards.

Analysis of Mercury in Fish, North Sumatera Indonesia by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

The maximum level of mercury permitted in fish by BPOM RI is 0.5 mg/kg. This study was conducted to determine the level of mercury in fish often consumed in Medan Indonesia. Fish samples were collected from 7 traditional fish market outlets and 1 supermarket in Medan in December 2019. Fish samples were dried using an oven at 1030C untill a constant dry weight was attained. Then, the digestionprocess was carried out using concentrated nitric acid and perchloric acid. Determination of mercury level was carried out using CV-AAS method with 900 H Perkin Elmer atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with MHS-15 (Mercury Hidride System). The results showed that the level of mercury in pelagic fish was found significantly in yellowfin tuna (Thunnusalbacares) of 27.3865 ± 0.3326 µg/kg; mackerel tuna (Euthynnusaffinis) of 17.8570 ± 0.0121 µg/kg; skipjack tuna(Katsuwonuspelamis) of 17.4507 ± 1.5893 µg/kg; spanish mackerel (Scomberomoruscommersonii) of 10.5767 ± 0.1862 µg/kg; grouper (Epinepheusfuscoguttatus) of 9.9736 ± 0.9115 µg/kg; mackerel (Rastreligerkanagurta) of 6.5364 ± 0.1935 µg/kg and dumersal fish were found significantly in red snapper (Lutjanuscampechanus) of 14.0966 ± 0.8555 µg/kg; stingray(Dasyatissp) of 61.3146 ± 0.8149 µg/kg; ariid catfish (Arius thalassinus) of 13.2533 ± 0.7586 µg/kg; black pomfret(Parastromateusniger) of 10.7755 ± 0.4605 µg/kg; sardine(Sardinellasp) of 6.5464 ± 0.1036. The results showed that the larger fish has the higher mercury level. The level of mercury in these analyzed fish samples was below maximum level permitted by BPOM RI.

Formulation, Characterization and Antioxidant Myricetin Nanophytosome for Topical Delivery

Background: Phytosomes are recently introduced drug delivery system and novel botanical formulation to produce lipophilic molecular complex to improve absorption and bioavailability of phytoconstituent. Myricetin is a well-known flavonoid with different biological effects and contributed in food preserving by free radical scavenging activity. However, bioavailability of myricetin is an important limiting factor for its antioxidant activities. Purpose: To overcome this limitation, in the present study we aimed to produce myricetin-loaded nano phytosomes to improve its physicochemical stability and bioavailability. Methods: myricetin-loaded nano phytosome was prepared by using phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (CH). Myricetin nanophytosomes system was characterized by particle size analyzer, particle size distribution (PDI), encapsulation efficiency and potential antioxidant activity. Results: Results showed that formulation with the myricetin: PC: CH molar ratio of 1: 2: 0.8 had lower particle size (291.11 nm) and higher encapsulation efficiency percent (93%). Morphology analysis showed that myricetin nanophytosome spherical shape. The potential antioxidant data showed that incorporation myricetin in the phospholipid myricetin remained unchanged even after encapsulation of myricetin in binarynanophytosome formulation. Conclusion: Nano phytosomal formulation of myricetin showed promising potential in fortification of nutraceutical with water insoluble antioxidants.

Burn Wound Healing Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Acalypha indica in Oinment Formulated against Rabbits (Ocyctagus caniculus)

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine burn wound healing activity of Acalypha indica L. in oinment formulated. Design: This study uses an experimental laboratory design. This study used rabbits as test animals induced by burns with hot iron plates on the back. Extract ointment applied to the wound then observed the development of healing. Interventions: The extract was formulated in ointments with concentrations of 3, 5 and 7%. positive control used was ointment containing sesame oil and negative control used is an ointment base. Main outcome measure: The results showed a concentration of 3% had a slow and low effect, at a concentration of 5% it had a moderate healing phase, and a concentration of 7% had a good healing phase. Conclusion: The ointments containing Acalypha indica leaf extracts have good activity in healing burns in rabbits.

A Review on Medicinal Plants of North Eastern Region with Potential Antifertility Activity

The increase in population is becoming a comprehensive problem, causing much pressure on economic, social and natural assets. Oral contraceptive agents have improved the rate of infertility but their unusual side effects limit the use. Current antifertility therapy lacks satisfactory success due to this adverse effect; hence, patients are seeking complementary and alternative medicine for anti-fertility action. Ayurveda and other Indian literature mention the use of plants in various human ailments. India has about more than 45000 plant species and among them several thousand are claimed to possess medicinal properties. Researchers conducted in the last few decades on the plants mentioned in ancient literature or used traditionally for anti-fertility action. This review reveals that some plants and their part used having anti-fertility action, which are helpful for researcher to develop new herbal anti-fertility formulations. In the recent years, interest in drugs of plant origin has been progressively increased. The aim of this review is to highlight the work on anti-fertility of plant origin. For women who can't use modern forms of contraception due to adverse effect or other reasons, therefore herbs can offer alternatives and reducing fertility would be better than other contraceptives. This article may help investigators to identify medicinal plants responsible for anti-fertility activity.