scholarly journals Macrobenthic Faunal Abundance, Distribution and Diversity in the Bakkhali River, East Coast of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Md Mozammal Haque ◽  
Abu Sayed Muhammad Sharif ◽  
Md Kawser Ahmed ◽  
Seema Rani ◽  
Md Habibur Rahman Molla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
East Coast ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Faunal Abundance ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Lower Stream

The study aimed to assess the macrobenthos abundance and distribution from the Bakkhali River, East Coast of Bangladesh. Macrobenthic and water samples were collected from the upper, middle and lower part of the river during post-monsoon. Several indices were used to find macrobenthos abundance and distribution and their correlation with water parameters were also assessed. Present study identified a total of 628 macrobenthos individuals representing 10 major taxa at three stations where 9 taxa were reported in both upper and middle parts whereas only 7 taxa were observed at lower stream of the river. The highest abundance of macrobenthos (301.04 indivs/m2) was recorded at the lower stream and the lowest abundance (166.3 indivs/m2) was found at the upper part of the river. Macrobenthos distribution showed that the number of Oligochaetes was higher (220 indivs) followed by Nemertinas (169 indivs) and Polychaetes (145 indivs). Study findings reveal that macrobenthos abundance and distribution were comparatively higher at the lower stream than the upper and middle part because of higher level of pollution and sendimentation rate that might influence the macrobenthos abundance and diversity in the upper and middle part. The study also found macrobenthos abundance was proportionally increased with increasing salinity and pH. However, macrobenthos abundance was decreased with increasing temperature. Simpson index (D) was the highest (0.32) at middle and lower part and the lowest (0.23) was in the upper part. Shannon-wiener index (H) was also higher (1.68) at the upper part. Both the indices showed higher diversity at the upper part because of having maximum taxa in the station. Based on the H value, this study reported that Bakkhali River was moderately polluted since H value was in the range of 1.44 to 1.68. These might be because of anthropogenic sources of pollution in the vicinity of the river. This study suggests to take proper management strategies to control aquatic pollution and conserve aquatic biodiversity. The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 10(1), 2021, P 47-55

scholarly journals Species Composition, Abundance and Diversity of Phytoplankton Inhabiting around the Swatch-of-No-Ground of Northern Bay of Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
Dilruba Yasmin ◽  
Md Kawser Ahmed ◽  
Md Moniruzzaman Khondkar ◽  
Seema Rani ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Mixed Layer Depth ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Phytoplankton Abundance ◽  
Nutrients Availability ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Northern Bay Of Bengal ◽  
Abundance And Distribution

This study aimed to estimate the abundance and diversity of phytoplankton at different depth of water columns in Northern Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh. Samples were collected from 24 stations using Niskin water sampler from 0 to 250 m depths in four different cruises from January, 2017 to January, 2018 with the collaboration of Bangladesh Navy. Before sample identification, the samples were subjected to preservation using Lugol’s solution. A total of 70 phytoplankton species were identified of which Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae and Chlorophyceae covered 74.28%, 21.42% and 4.28% of species, respectively. The average phytoplankton density was 12,238±7,281 cells/L. Results showed phytoplankton abundance and distribution was comparatively lower in higher water depth than surface water. The highest phytoplankton abundance (39,342 cells/L) was recorded at surface water and the lowest abundance (16 cells/L) was observed in 200 m depth. Phytoplankton abundances significantly reduced at higher water depths (p < 0.05) which might be associated with higher light and nutrients availability at surface water and mixed layer depth. However, there was weak negative correlation since r = - 0.33. Phytoplankton abundance was also varied from station to station at similar water depth. Species richness was the highest in surface water. In this study, estimated Shannon-Wiener index was 0.58 that represented phytoplankton was moderately distributed at surface water than higher depth. The findings of the present study might be used as a baseline study to understand the phytoplankton community of the Northern Bay of Bengal which directly and/or indirectly help to manage existing ecosystem and sustainable fisheries of the Bay of Bengal. The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 10(1), 2021, P 11-21

VALORIZATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SOUTH SERBIA FROM THE AIR QUALITY ASPECT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1329-1333
Author(s):  
Miodrag Šmelcerović
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Cause And Effect ◽  
Sources Of Pollution

The protection of the environment and people’s health from negative influences of the pollution of air as a medium of the environment requires constant observing of the air quality in accordance with international standards, the analysis of emission and imission of polluting matters in the air, and their connection with the sources of pollution. Having in mind the series of laws and delegated legislations which define the field of air pollution, it is necessary to closely observe these long-term processes, discovering cause-and-effect relationships between the activities of anthropogenic sources of emission of polluting matters and the level of air degradation. The relevant evaluation of the air quality of a certain area can be conducted if the level of concentration of polluting matters characteristic for the pollution sources of this area is observed in a longer period of time. The data obtained by the observation of the air pollution are the basis for creation of the recovery program of a certain area. Vranje is a town in South Serbia where there is a bigger number of anthropogenic pollution sources that can significantly diminish the air quality. The cause-and-effect relationship of the anthropogenic sources of pollution is conducted related to the analysis of systematized data which are in the relevant data base of the authorized institution The Institute of Public Health Vranje, for the time period between the year of 2012. and 2017. By the analysis of data of imission concentrations of typical polluting matters, the dominant polluting matters were determined on the territory of the town of Vranje, the ones that are the causers of the biggest air pollution and the risk for people’s health. Analysis of the concentration of soot, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides indicates their presence in the air of Vranje town area in concentrations that do not exceed the permitted limit values annually. The greatest pollution is caused by the soot content in the air, especially in the winter period when the highest number of days with the values above the limit was registered. By perceiving the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors, it is clear that the concentration of polluting matters can be decreased only by establishing control over anthropogenic sources of pollution, and thus it can be contributed to the improvement of the air quality of this urban environment.

scholarly journals Causes of variations of trace and rare earth elements concentration in lakes bottom sediments in the Bory Tucholskie National Park, Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Sojka ◽  
Adam Choiński ◽  
Mariusz Ptak ◽  
Marcin Siepak
Keyword(s):  
Rare Earth ◽  
Rare Earth Elements ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
National Park ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Geochemical Processes ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Geochemical Indices

AbstractThe objective of this study was to analyse spatial variability of the trace elements (TEs) and rare earth elements (REEs) concentration in lake bottom sediments in Bory Tucholskie National Park (BTNP); Poland. The following research questions were posed: which factors have a fundamental impact on the concentration and spatial variability of elements in bottom sediments, which of the elements can be considered as indicators of natural processes and which are related to anthropogenic sources. The research material was sediments samples collected from 19 lakes. The concentrations of 24 TEs and 14 REEs were determined. The analyses were carried out using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-QQQ). Cluster analysis and principal component analysis were used to determine the spatial variability of the TEs and REEs concentrations, indicate the elements that are the indicators of natural processes and identify potential anthropogenic sources of pollution. The geochemical background value (GBV) calculations were made using 13 different statistical methods. However, the contamination of bottom sediments was evaluated by means of the index of geo-accumulation, the enrichment factor, the pollution load index, and the metal pollution index. The BTNP area is unique because of its isolation from the inflow of pollutants from anthropogenic sources and a very stable land use structure over the last 200 years. This study shows high variability of TE and REE concentrations in lake sediments. The values of geochemical indices suggest low pollution of lakes bottom sediments. It was found that TEs originated mainly from geogenic sources. However, the concentrations of Li, Ni, Sc, Se, Be, Se, Ag, Re, Tl, Cd, Sb and U may be related to the impact of point sources found mainly in the Ostrowite Lake. Almost all REEs concentrations were strongly correlated and their presence was linked to with geochemical processes. The elements allowing to identify natural processes and anthropogenic pollution sources were Cr, Co, Cu, Ag, Cd, Zn, Bi, Re, Ba, Al and Rb in TEs group and Nd, Gd, Yb, Lu, Eu, Dy and Ce in REEs group. The analysis shows high spatial variability of TE and REE concentrations in lake sediments. The values of geochemical indices point to low pollution of lakes sediments. The anthropogenic sources only for two lakes had an impact on concentrations of selected TEs and REEs. The analyses allowed to identify elements among TEs and REEs documenting geochemical processes and those indicating anthropogenic sources of pollution.

scholarly journals Biodiversity of butterflies in endosulfan-affected areas of Kerala, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Raghavendra ◽  
Kumar Arvind ◽  
G. K. Anushree ◽  
Tony Grace
Keyword(s):  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Affected Area ◽  
Butterfly Assemblages ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
The One ◽  
One Way Anova

Abstract Background Butterflies are considered as bio-indicators of a healthy and diversified ecosystem. Endosulfan was sprayed indiscriminately in large plantations of Kasaragod district, Kerala which had caused serious threats to the ecosystem. In this study, we surveyed the butterflies for their abundance and diversity in three differentially endosulfan-affected areas viz., Enmakaje—highly affected area, Periye—moderately affected area, Padanakkad—unaffected area, carried out between the end of the monsoon season and the start of the winter season, lasting approximately 100 days. Seven variables viz., butterfly abundance (N), species richness (S), Simpson’s reciprocal index (D), the Shannon–Wiener index (H′), the exponential of the Shannon–Wiener index (expH′), Pielou’s evenness (J) and species evenness (D/S), related to species diversity were estimated, followed by the one-way ANOVA (F = 25.01, p < 0.001) and the Kruskal-Wallis test (H = 22.59, p < 0.001). Results A population of three different butterfly assemblages comprised of 2300 butterflies which represented 61 species were encountered. Our results showed that Enmakaje displayed significantly lower butterfly diversity and abundance, compared to the other two communities. Conclusion So far, this is the first study concerning the effect of endosulfan on the biodiversity of butterfly in the affected areas of Kasaragod, Kerala, India. This study may present an indirect assessment of the persisting effects of endosulfan in the affected areas, suggesting its long-term effects on the ecosystem.

scholarly journals Diversity of plant knowledge in a "Caiçara" community from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest coast

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Reis de Brito ◽  
Luci de Senna-Valle
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Wiener Index ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Traditional Management ◽  
Heterogeneous Distribution ◽  
Plant Knowledge ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Number Of Publications

The number of publications about the Caiçaras population is growing, which shows that researchers are interested in these natives. This study aimed to survey the flora used by local specialists of the Praia do Sono Caiçara community, and recorded how these taxa were used, with the goal of understanding traditional management systems that help to conserve natural ecosystems. Twelve informants were selected and interviewed. The applied grouping analysis, together with the chi-squared test, underlined that the analysed ethnobotanical knowledge showed a heterogeneous distribution in relation to the gender of the interviewee. A total of 190 taxa were cited and were classified into nine usage categories. The Shannon-Wiener index (H') value obtained in this study was the second highest in comparison to other Brazilian coastal communities. This work showed that the local specialists of this Caiçara community maintain a wide knowledge of, and affinity to, the plant resources that surround them. This knowledge is not only important, but fundamental to discussions about the application of sustainable use and management strategies for this area of conservation value.

scholarly journals Macrobenthos diversity along the Exclusive Economic Zone of East Coast Peninsular Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3(SI)) ◽  
pp. 817-823
Author(s):  
B.B. Shafie ◽  
◽  
A. Man ◽  
N.F. Ali ◽  
A.A. Rahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Depth Gradient ◽  
Sunda Shelf ◽  
Faunal Composition ◽  
Western South China Sea ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Aim: To examine the standing stock of macrobenthos along a depth gradient at regional scales in the Sunda Shelf of Malaysian Economic Exclusive Zone (EEZ). Methodology: Macrobenthos was sampled with a Smith–McIntyre grab at 19 stations on the continental shelf of the South-western South China Sea (east coast of Peninsular Malaysia) within the EEZ and was carried out onboard MV SEAFDEC II in May/June 2016. Results: The faunal composition, abundance, and diversity of species, together with environmental parameters were studied. A total of 10,232 individuals comprising 105 families were identified. The dominant macrobenthic group was Mollusca (55.25%), followed by Annelida (26.80%) and Arthropoda (15.36%), while the Echinodermata and Miscellaneous group recorded 1.13% and 1.43% respectively. Based on Bray-Curtis species similarities, five different sample groups (SGs) were distinguished, which were located in different zones and gradients of EEZ. Interpretation: Variations in the macrobenthic community is significantly associated with depth, temperature, and salinity. Further research should be conducted on other factors that contribute to the diversity of macrobenthos along the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia’s EEZ.

scholarly journals Characterising populations living close to intensive farming and composting facilities in England

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippa Douglas ◽  
Daniela Fecht ◽  
Deborah Jarvis
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Intensive Farming ◽  
Urban Classification ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Composting Facilities ◽  
Composting Facility

Abstract Bioaerosol exposure has been linked to adverse respiratory conditions. Intensive farming and composting facilities are important anthropogenic sources of bioaerosols. We aimed to characterise populations living close to intensive farming and composting facilities. We also infer whether the public are becoming more concerned about anthropogenic bioaerosol emissions, using reports of air pollution related incidents attributed to facilities. We mapped the location of 1,257 intensive farming and 310 composting facilities in England in relation to the resident population and its characteristics (sex and age), area characteristics (deprivation proxy and rural/urban classification) and school locations stratified by pre-defined distance bands from these bioaerosol sources. We also calculated the average number of air pollution related incidents per year per facility. We found that more than 16% of the population and 15% of schools are located within 4,828 m of an intensive farming facility or 4,000 m of a composting facility; few people (0.01 %) live very close to these sites and tend to be older people. Close to composting facilities, populations are more likely to be urban and more deprived. The number of incidents were attributed to a small proportion of facilities; population characteristics around these facilities were similar. Results indicate that populations living near composting facilities (particularly>250 to ⩽ 4,000 m) are mostly located in urban areas (80%–88% of the population), which supports the need for more community health studies to be conducted. Results could also be used to inform risk management strategies at facilities with higher numbers of incidents.

Artificial Water Bodies of the Voronezh River Basin and Algae Biotechnology in Water Quality Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 50-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Antsiferova ◽  
V.V. Kul’nev ◽  
S.L. Shevyrev ◽  
E.V. Bespalova ◽  
N.I. Rusova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Ecological State ◽  
Sources Of Pollution ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Algae Biotechnology ◽  
Artificial Water Bodies ◽  
Artificial Water

A brief review of the ecological state of artificial water bodies is presented on the example of the Voronezh and Matyr reservoirs located in the basin of the river. Voronezh. Ecological-geochemical interrelation of water areas of reservoirs and adjacent territories with anthropogenic sources of pollution located on them is shown. The basis of the research is the bioindication method for the communities of phytoplankton and microphytobenthos. Changes in the sanitary and biological quality of the waters have been studied in the reservoirs, which are related, in particular, to the effect of anomalously high summer air temperatures in 2010–2012 and in subsequent years, and for the Matyr reservoir against this background, an estimate of the effectiveness of the use of algobiotechnology is given.

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