scholarly journals Performance evaluation of a flatbed maize dryer with a biomass heat source

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
JO Akowuah ◽  
HA Boateng ◽  
G Obeng Akrofi ◽  
DE Maier
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Crack Index ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Drying Efficiency

The technical performance of a 3-tonne capacity flatbed grain dryer was assessed based on its drying rate and drying efficiency. In addition, the quality of maize grains dried in the drying system was investigated through stress-crack analysis and germination test. Maize grains at an initial moisture content of 18.4% ± 0.1% (wb) were dried to a safe moisture content of 13.3% ± 0.2% (wb) in 5 hours, resulting in a drying rate of 1.02%/h at a drying efficiency of 67.35%. The average temperature observed in the plenum (55.8°C±1.5°C) was about twice higher than the ambient temperature during the drying period. The use of the flatbed dryer did not have any adverse effect on the viability of grains dried with a stress-crack index of 75 and percentage germination of 90%. This study demonstrated the viability of using the flatbed biomass-assisted dryer for drying maize and can reduce post-harvest losses of maize at the smallholder level. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 37-41, Dec 2021

scholarly journals Development of a Corn Drying System

2021 ◽  
pp. 74-79
Author(s):  
A. A. Ijah ◽  
O. E. Olagunju ◽  
S. M. Adamu ◽  
H. C. Ozoani ◽  
F. M. Rasheed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Drying Efficiency

Corn as a staple farm produce are usually harvested at a point or time when the moisture content is more than 25% (wet.basis).,and therefore, it is easily attacked by fungi and other diseases causing organism and even physical damage, thereby reducing the market value of the crop.  Drying must be carried out on those products to prevent deterioration. The objectives of this research are to develop a device that can reduce the moisture content of corn using electronic components and equally carryout evaluation on the device.  Shelled corns with initial moisture content of between 25-30% (w.b.) is the major material used in this research work. A Heating element incorporated in the device supplied the needed heat which was delivered to the drying chamber by the help of a centrifugal blower. The drying experiment was carried out at three different temperature thus; 45 oC, 55 oC and 65oC. The moisture content at this varying temperature was used to determine the drying rate and the drying efficiency. The results showed clearly that the dryer air temperature affect the drying rate, the efficiency of drying, and the quality of the material. It is equally clear that the best drying rate and temperature is  65oC average 4,95% / hour, high efficient at drying temperature 55oC and 65oC equal to 86,27% and 83,51%, and best material quality with dryer temperature 55oC.

Experimental Research on Deep-Bed Drying Characteristics of Maize

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 1586-1589
Author(s):  
Xing Zao Ma ◽  
Chang You Li ◽  
Li Li Zhang ◽  
Wen Hao Shen
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Drying Efficiency

In this paper, the deep-bed drying rate was analyzed under different bed depths and air temperatures. It was found that the bed depth had a greater impact on the drying efficiency, and if the initial moisture content of maize and the ventilation temperature are higher, the effect would be much more notable. The results will provide a basis for optimal design of the deep-bed drying devices.

scholarly journals Experimental Analysis of Single Glazing, Double Glazing and Triple Pass Solar Dryer

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-73
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Window Glass ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Solar Dryer ◽  
Collector Efficiency ◽  
Drying System ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Drying Efficiency

Adjustable Multi glazing solar drying system is designed and fabricated for experimental study. The arrangement is made in the present model such that it can be wok as a single glazing, double glazing and multi-glazing solar dryer by adjusting the plain window glass (Glazing). The performance analysis and comparison of Single glazing (SGSD), double glazing (DGSD) and Triple pass solar drying system (TPSD) have been conducted by using red chilli. The performance curves show the effect of solar intensity on the collector efficiency, drying efficiency and pick-up efficiency of solar drying system. The collector efficiency of TPSD increased by 28.8% and 53% as compared to DGSD & SGSD respectively at average value of solar radiation 674.4 W/m² at 26.90 gm per second of air mass. The initial moisture content in red chili was measured and found 78.8 (wb) reduced to minimum moisture content 9.8% (wb). It could be concluded that, the time required to dry the red chilli in TPSD is minimum as compared to SGSD and DGSD.

Evaluation of the Performance of a Custom-Made Fluidized Bed Drying System

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sammy S. Sadaka ◽  
Kaushik Luthra ◽  
Griffiths G. Atungulu
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Furnace Temperature ◽  
Fluidized Bed Dryer ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Drying System

Abstract. Laboratory and farm-scale fluidized bed dryers are not available to purchase. Additionally, a deliberation is presently continuing regarding the beneficial and damaging effects of drying grain in a fluidized bed. Therefore, the goal of this research was to develop and test a custom-made small-scale fluidized bed dryer, suitable for moderate farms and capable of drying small and large size grains from high moisture content to a safe storage moisture content. The customary fluidized bed dryer was developed and constructed in the Rice Research and Extension Center, Stuttgart, Arkansas. The fluidized bed dryer was used to dry wheat from an initial moisture content of 23.3% db. The effects of the aspect ratio (bed height to bed diameter ratio) of 2, 3, and 4 m/m, the furnace temperature of no heat, 100°C, 150°C, and 200°C and drying duration of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min on the wheat moisture content, drying rate, and dryer efficiency were investigated. The lowest wheat moisture content of 16.3% db was observed at the lowest aspect ratio of 2 m/m, the highest furnace temperature of 200°C, and the longest drying duration of 60 min. Conversely, the highest wheat moisture content of 19.0% db was observed at the highest aspect ratio of 4 m/m, and the no heat condition. The drying rate of 0.47%/min was observed at the lowest aspect ratio of 2 m/m and the furnace temperature of 200°C after 10 min. The maximum dryer efficiency of 63.2% was achieved at the aspect ratio of 4 m/m, the furnace temperature of 200°C. Two empirical models were developed to predict the moisture content of wheat and the dryer efficiency as affected by the aspect ratio, the furnace temperature and the drying duration with the adjusted coefficient of determination of 0.91 and 0.88, respectively. Although, the developed fluidized bed dryer is a lab-scale system, the experimental results provided an exceptional indication to scale up the drying system to dry grains. Keywords: Dryer efficiency, Drying rate, Fluidized bed, Moisture content, Wheat-drying.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Pengeringan Biji Jagung (Zea Mays L.) Menggunakan Alat Pengering Surya Adriyarkara Termodifikasi

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-360
Author(s):  
Athul Fadhli ◽  
Diswandi Nurba ◽  
Raida Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Average Relative Humidity

Abstrak. Jagung merupakan tanaman penghasil karbohidrat terpenting. Pengeringan jagung pipil menggunakan alat pengering merupakan proses untuk menghasilkan jagung pipil yang siap diolah untuk pembuatan tepung jagung dengan batas kadar air tertentu sehingga menghaslkan jagung pipil dengan kualitas yang baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji karakteristik pengeringan biji jagung menggunakan alat pengering surya Termodifikasi. Metode penelitian  menggunakan 3,15 kilogram jagung pipil dengan kadar air awal 22% untuk proses pengeringan. Parameter yang dianalisis terkait alat pengering kolektor surya yaitu temperatur, kelembaban relatif, kecepatan udara dan iradiasi surya, sedangkan parameter yang dianalisis terkait bahan yaitu kadar air, lama waktu pengeringan, laju pengeringan dan organoleptik. Prosedur penelitian terdiri dari pengujian kosong dan pengujian dengan menggunakan jagung pipil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa temperatur rata-rata dalam rak pengering sebelum dilakukan modifikasi yaitu 44,4oC, temperatur rata-rata setelah dilakukan modifikasi yaitu 55,5oC dan temperatur rata-rata rak pengering pada pengeringan menggunakan jagung pipil yaitu 46,96oC. Kelembaban relatif rata-rata dalam rak pengering sebelum dilakukan modifikasi yaitu 40,1%, kelembaban relatif rata-rata dalam rak pengering setelah modifikasi yaitu 35,1% dan kelembaban relatif rata-rata pengeringan menggunakan jagung pipil yaitu 44,45%. Dari hasil pengukuran tersebut menunjukkan bahwa nilai temperatur dan kelembaban pada alat setelah modifikasi lebih baik dibandingkan sebelum alat dimodifikasi. Pengukuran temperatur dan kelembaban relatif terdiri dari 4 titik pengukuran yaitu rak 1A,1B dan rak 2A, 2B. Kecepatan udara rata-rata yang diukur konstan yaitu 0,7 m/s pada ruang pengering, sedangkan lingkungan 1,1 m/s. Total iradiasi surya selama pengeringan yaitu 1848,84 W/m2. Kadar air jagung pipil masing-masing rak yaitu rak 1A 14,29%, rak 1B 14,47%, rak 2A 13,91% dan rak 2B 14,1%. Hasil dari pengujian organoleptik, panelis agak menyukai jagung pipil yang dikeringkan menggunakan alat pengering tersebut.Characteristics of Seed Drying (Zea mays L.) Using a Modified Adriyarkara Solar DryerAbstract. Corn is the most important carbohydrate plant. Drying corn using a drying tool is a process to produce corn that are ready to be processed for making corn flour with a certain water content limit so as to produce corn with good quality. The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of drying of corn kernels using a modified solar dryer. The research method used 3,15 kilogram of corn milled with the initial moisture content of 22% for drying process. The parameters analyzed in relation to solar collector dryers are temperature, relative humidity, air velocity and solar irradiation, while the parameters analyzed are materials such as moisture content, drying time, drying rate and organoleptic. The research procedure consists of unloaded testing and testing using corn. The results showed that the average temperature in the dryer tray before modification was 44,4°C, the average temperature after modification was 55,5°C and the average temperature of the dryer tray on drying using corn was 46,96oC. The average relative humidity in the dryer tray before modification is 40,1%, the average relative humidity in the dryer tray after modification is 35,1% and the average relative humidity of drying using corn is 44,45%. From the measurement results show that the value of temperature and humidity in the tool after modification is better than before. Measurement of temperature and relative humidity consist of 4 point of measurement that is tray 1A, 1B and tray 2A, 2B. Average mean air velocity measured is 0,7 m/s at the dryer room, while the environment is 1,1 m/s. Total solar irradiation during drying is 1848,84 W/m2. Moisture level of corn each shelves tray 1A is 14,29%, tray 1B is 14.47%, tray 2A is 13,91% and tray 2B is 14,1%. As a result of organoleptic testing, panelists rather like dried corn using the dryer.

Effect of Drying on Physical Qualities and Sensory Evaluation of Herbal Germinated Brown Rice by Hot Air: Turmeric and Roselle

2013 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 420-423
Author(s):  
Khwanruedi Sangchum ◽  
Yutthana Tirawanichakul ◽  
Supawan Tirawanichakul
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Germinated Brown Rice ◽  
Rice Drying ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Cie Lab

The object of this project was to study the effect of drying temperature on physical quality and sensory evaluation of germinated brown rice soaking with tumeric and roselle. The drying was run under the conditions of drying temperatures of 80-100°C and air velocity of 7.3 m/s. Initial moisture content of brown rice samples was of 54-55% dry-basis and was dried until the final moisture content reached to 20-25% dry-basis. After drying, the rice was tempered and then was ventilated by ambient air until its moisture content reached to 14-15% dry-basis. The experiment showed that highest drying rate is incident at 100°C. For physical qualities analysis, the results showed that the drying air temperature does not affect to head rice yield, fissured kernels, chalky grain and color (L*, a*, b* CIE-lab unit) of herbal germinated brown rice. In addition, herbal germinated brown rice drying can maintain low percentage of chalky grain compared to commercial brown rice. The soaking solution was not affect to drying rate. Finally, the sensory evaluation showed that the herbal germinated brown rice dried with all drying conditions was acceptable taste (>5).

scholarly journals Development and performance evaluation of a solar tunnel date dryer in Oman

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ali Basunia ◽  
Hamid H. Al-Handali ◽  
Mohammed Issa Al-Belushi ◽  
Mohammad Shafiur Rahman ◽  
Osman Maghoub
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Average Moisture Content ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Sun Drying ◽  
Tunnel Dryer ◽  
Moisture Content Level ◽  
Collector Region ◽  
And Performance

Taking into consideration the date harvesting and landholding capacities of the marginalized rural farmers in Oman, a 12 meter long and 2 meter wide tunnel was designed and constructed to dry about 180-200 kg of freshly harvested dates per batch. Half of the tunnel base was used as a flat plate air heating solar collector and the other half as a dryer. The drying air was forced from the collector region (South side) to the drying region (North side) of the half circled tunnel where the product is to be dried. The drying temperature could be easily raised by some 5-30 oC above the ambient temperature inside the tunnel at an air velocity of approximately 0.5 m/sec. The test was conducted with 190.2 kg freshly harvested dates with initial moisture content of 32.8% (wet-basis) to analyze the performance of the dryer. The dates were dried to a final average moisture content of 18.6% (wet-basis) within two days (20 hours). The results indicated that the drying was faster in a solar tunnel dryer than the natural open air sun drying. It was possible to reach the moisture content level for safe storage within less than two days (20 hrs) with a solar tunnel dryer and 5-7 days in open air natural sun drying. The improvement in the quality of dates in terms of color and brightness was distinctly recognized. 

scholarly journals Temporal variation in seed quality of Indian spinach preserved in different containers

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kamruzzaman ◽  
S Khatun ◽  
A Rakib ◽  
MI Hoque ◽  
MH Rani
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Seed Technology ◽  
Vigor Index

The experiment was conducted to investigate the seed quality of Indian spinach for three months stored at different containers (Plastic pot, polythene bag and cloth bag) during 2013-2014 at Seed Technology Laboratory of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur. The initial moisture content of the seed was 9.89% with 75.00% germination. However, after two months, the seed had a different range of increased moisture content with reduced germination percentage depending upon the packing materials. Among the three containers, seeds stored at cloth bag absorbed more moisture (14.36%) from surrounding atmosphere followed by the moisture content, 12.67% and 11.50% of polythene bag and airtight plastic pot, respectively. Seeds stored at plastic pot, polythene bag and cloth bag exhibited 65.00, 64.00 and 50.00 per cent germination, respectively. Similarly, the fresh weight and dry weight of seedling and seedling vigor were also decreased. The seeds of plastic pot were good in term of germination capacity, fresh and dry weight and vigor index in comparison to those stored at cloth bag and polythene bag.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 5 (2): 51-57, December, 2015

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF INITIAL MOISTURE CONTENT ON THE PRODUCTION AND QUALITY PROPERTIES OF SOLID BIOFUEL

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloš Matúš ◽  
Peter Križan ◽  
Juraj Beniak ◽  
Ľubomír Šooš
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Moisture Expansion ◽  
Solid Biofuel ◽  
Effect Of Moisture ◽  
Physical Changes

The moisture content of densified biomass is a limit parameter influencing the quality of the solid biofuel. It influences its calorific value, density, mechanical strength and dimensional stability as well as the production process of this biofuel. The paper deals with the experimental research of the effect of moisture content of densified material on the final quality of biofuel in the form of logs. Experiments based on the single-axis densification of spruce sawdust were realized by hydraulic piston press, where the densified logs were produced under room temperature. The effect of moisture content on the quality properties of the logs, including density, change of moisture, expansion and physical changes, were studied. The results show the necessary moisture ranges for producing good-quality logs. The experiments were evaluated and the moisture content of the tested material was optimized to achieve the optimum value for the best quality of the solid biofuel.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document