scholarly journals Prevalence of Hepatitis B virus among the physicians of Department of Medicine of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanto Kumar Saha ◽  
Khan Abul Kalam Azad ◽  
Mohammad Zaid Hossain ◽  
Md Robed Amin ◽  
Amit Wazib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hbsag Positivity ◽  
B Virus

Introduction: Hepatitis B virus is encountered sporadically throughout the year in Bangladesh. Bangladeshi physicians are also in a great risk for this blood-borne virus. To find out the seroprevalence of HBV and vaccination rate among the physicians, was the aim of this study. Methods: The study was an observational study and was conducted in the department of Medicine of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka between April and September, 2012. Eighty physicians of department of Medicine were searched for hepatitis B virus with the help of a structured questionnaire. Physicians, who were found not vaccinated, were also investigated for HbsAg positivity by ELISA method. Results: Eighty five percent physicians were found vaccinated. Remaining 15% (12/80) physicians were investigated for HbsAg positivity but all were found negative. Vaccinated physicians who checked antibody titre (35.3%), were found well immunized. Fifty percent physicians experienced needle stick injury 2-5 times in their lifetime and 20% physicians did not use protective equipments during any invasive procedure. Conclusion: HBV remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. Hence, our physicians who were not vaccinated and also found HbsAg negative, should complete their vaccination schedule as early as possible. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15540 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 11-15

scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus positive (HBsAg positive) among the blood donors attended at transfusion medicine department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh: a one year study

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanaz Karim ◽  
Hussne Ara Begum ◽  
Hosne Ara Begum ◽  
Ehteshamul Hoque ◽  
Md Mazharul Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Transfusion Medicine ◽  
Age Group ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Positive Hbsag ◽  
B Virus

Context: The possibility of hepatitis transmission through blood and blood products is very high and pretransfusion screening is mandatory by law in our country. The present study was carried out to find out the prevalence of Hepatitis B virus positive (HBsAg positive) among the blood donors attended the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, in 2012. Method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, between January and December 2012. Total blood donors were 27,560. Blood donors of 18-60 years of both sexes were included in this study. Results: Among 27,560 blood donors, relative blood donors were 21,081 (76.49%) and voluntary blood donors were 6,479 (23.50%). Among total blood donors male and female were 23,776 (86.26%) and 3784 (13.73%) respectively. 25,906 (93.99%) were in 18-40 years age group and 1,654 (6%) were in 41-60 years age group. A total of 453 were detected as HBsAg seropostive. Among them, relatives of the patients were 363 (1.7%) and voluntary donors were 90 (1.4%). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i2.21528 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No.2, October, 2013, Page 163-166

scholarly journals High incidence and persistence of hepatitis B virus infection in individuals receiving HIV care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nokukhanya Msomi ◽  
Kogieleum Naidoo ◽  
Nonhlanhla Yende-Zuma ◽  
Nesri Padayatchi ◽  
Kerusha Govender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Hbsag Positivity ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Tuberculosis (TB) are common infections in South Africa. We utilized the opportunity of care provision for HIV-TB co-infected patients to better understand the relationship between these coinfections, determine the magnitude of the problem, and identify risk factors for HBV infection in HIV infected patients with and without TB in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Methods This retrospective cohort analysis was undertaken in 2018. In-care HIV infected patients were included in the analysis. Results from clinical records were analysed to determine the prevalence, incidence, persistence and factors associated with HBsAg positivity in HIV-infected patients with or without TB co-infection. Results A total of 4292 HIV-infected patients with a mean age of 34.7 years (SD: 8.8) were included. Based on HBsAg positivity, the prevalence of HBV was 8.5% (363/4292) [95% confidence interval (CI): 7.7–9.3] at baseline and 9.4% (95%CI: 8.6–10.3%) at end of follow-up. The HBV incidence rate was 2.1/100 person-years (p-y). Risk of incident HBV infection was two-fold higher among male patients (HR 2.11; 95% CI: 1.14–3.92), while severe immunosuppression was associated with a greater than two-fold higher risk of persistent infection (adjusted risk ratio (RR) 2.54; 95% CI 1.06–6.14; p = 0.004. Additionally, active TB at enrolment was associated with a two-fold higher risk of incident HBV infection (aHR 2.38; 95% CI: 0.77–7.35). Conclusion The provision of HIV care and treatment in high HBV burden settings provide a missed opportunity for HBV screening, immunization and care provision.

scholarly journals PENULARAN PENYAKIT TERHADAP PERAWAT AKIBAT KECELAKAAN KERJA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmal Umara Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Needle Stick Injury ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Bloodborne Pathogen

Rumah sakit merupakan suatu tempat yang berisiko terjadinya cedera. Hal ini disebabkan karena berbagai kegiatan dirumah sakit sangat berhubungan dengan penyakit-penyakit berbahaya, prosedur kritis dengan alat atau benda tajam. WHO (1995) memperkirakan 10% petugas kesehatan mengalami injury benda tajam. Kecelakaan dalam bekerja dapat diakibatkan oleh kelalaian pekerja, bekerja melebihi batas kemampuan atau ergonomis yang buruk dalam bekerja. Dalam bidang kesehatan, kelalaian dalam bekerja bisa terjadi apa saja. Salah satunya adalah tertusuk jarum atau benda tajam di rumah sakit. Jarum suntik dan alat medis yang tajam merupakan alat medis yang bersentuhan langsung dengan jaringan tubuh dan darah pasien. Tenaga kesehatan yang lalai dapat tertular melalui jarum suntik yang terkontaminasi cairan tubuh pasien yang terinfeksi. Petugas kesehatan berisiko terpapar darah dan cairan tubuh yang terinfeksi (bloodborne pathogen) yang dapat menimbulkan infeksi HBV (Hepatitis B Virus), HCV (Hepatitis C Virus) dan HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) melalui berbagai cara, salah satunya melalui luka tusuk jarum atau yang dikenal dengan istilah Needle Stick Injury atau NSI (Hermana, 2006). Luka atau cidera akibat tertusuk jarum atau benda tajam lainnya merupakan hal yang sangat perlu diperhatikan. Apabila seorang petugas kesehatan tanpa sengaja terluka akibat tertusuk jarum yang sudah terkontaminasi cairan tubuh orang yang sakit maka beresiko terjadi penularan sekurang-kurangnya 20 patogen potensial. Dua patogen yang sangat berbahaya adalah Hepatitis B (HBV) dan Human Immunodefidiensy Virus (HIV). Hepatitis B (HBV) adalah infeksi pada hati atau liver. Penyakit ini sering ditemui dan penyebaran nya 100 kali lebih cepat dari HIV dan dapat menyebabkan kematian.

scholarly journals HEPATITIS B MARKERS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
AMEER AHMAD ◽  
ABDUL REHMAN ◽  
GHULAM QASIM KHAN KHICHI
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Serological Status ◽  
Study Setting ◽  
Obstetric Department

Objective: To determine the transmission of Hepatitis B virus from infectedmother to their newborns. Design: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Setting: Pediatrics Ward-2 and Gynecology &Obstetric Department Bahawal Victoria Hospital/Quaid-e-Azam Medical College Bahawalpur. Period: From August2004 to December 2005 Material and Methods: A total of 300 pregnant ladies admitted in the gynecological andobstetric department for delivery were screened for HBsAG, HBeAG, HBcAB, HBsAB, and HBeAB. The newborns ofthe mothers with HBsAG and HBeAG were tested for the same antigens at the time of birth and the ones who werepositives for the antigens were labeled as having “vertical infection” through placenta. Results were tabulated; incidenceof hepatitis was calculated. RESULTS: HBsAG was positive in 37(12.3%) out of the 300 enrolled mothers. Out of the37 babies born to 37 hepatitis B positive mothers, 4(21%) newborns were positive for HBsAG.In the mothers of theseinfected newborns, HBeAG was present in 3 while one mother did not have HBeAG. CONCLUSION: Universal prenatalscreening for hepatitis B in all the pregnant women and protection of their off springs should be provided both by activeand passive prophylaxis immediately after birth depending upon their serological status.

Horizontal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection to United States-Born Children of Hmong Refugees

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-273
Author(s):  
Marjorie B. Hurie ◽  
Eric E. Mast ◽  
Jeffrey P. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Horizontal Transmission ◽  
Vaccination Schedule ◽  
Hepatitis B Vaccine ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Childhood Vaccination ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Household Members

There is evidence that hepatitis B virus (HBV) transmission continues among Southeast Asian refugees after resettlement. To determine the prevalence of HBV infection (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] positive or core antibody positive) and modes of transmission in Hmong refugee households in Wisconsin, results of serologic tests were reviewed for 429 US-born children not previously vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine and 754 of their Asian-born household members. The prevalence of HBV infection was 14% (62/429) among all US-born children, 30% (21/69) among children whose mothers were HBsAg-positive, and 11% (41/360) among children whose mothers were HBsAg-negative. Among children whose mothers were HBsAg-negative, the prevalence of HBV infection increased with increasing age (χ2 test for trend = 5.6, P .02) and was related to the household presence of HBsAg-positive sibling(s) (relative risk 4.0; 95% confidence interval = 1.5, 9.3; P < .001). Of the 62 infected children, 13 (21%) lived in households with no HBsAg-positive household members. US-born children of Hmong refugees apparently acquire HBV infection through both horizontal and perinatal transmission. These findings emphasize the importance of routinely integrating hepatitis B vaccine doses into the childhood vaccination schedule for all infants whose parents are from areas where HBV infection is highly endemic. In addition, the findings support the need for pediatricians to consider vaccinating older children (up to age 7 years) whose parents are from HBV-endemic areas.

Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus Infection by Asymptomatic Chronic HBsAg Carrier Mothers

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-605
Author(s):  
George Papaevangelou ◽  
Jay H. Hoofnagle
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Core Antigen ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Infection ◽  
Hbsag Carrier ◽  
Hbsag Positivity ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hbs Ag

The courses of 18 children born to 13 chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier mothers were followed prospectively for serological and biochemical evidence of type B hepatitis. Three children developed transient HBsAg positivity accotupanied by the appearance of antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen. Two others had no detectable HBsAg but developed antibody to HBs Ag. These serological manifestations of hepatitis B virus infection occurred late—6 to 24 months after birth. None of the children had clinical evidence of hepatitis and none became chrotiic HBsAg carriers. The infrequency of transmission of infection, the mild course of disease, and the lack of persistence of HBsAg in these children probably reflected the low level of infectivity of the chronic carrier mothers and perhaps the healthy immunologic status of the children.

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