scholarly journals Seasonal variation of salinity of ground water at Patenga area of Chittagong district in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
A Hoque ◽  
MA Hossen ◽  
MF Islam ◽  
MIU Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Chloride Concentration ◽  
Perpendicular Direction ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Tube Well ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Availability of safe drinking water is scarce in the coastal areas of Bangladesh due to saltwater intrusion in fresh water aquifer. Patenga, a densely populated coastal area within Chittagong city corporation area, is not under the municipal water supply coverage. The groundwater of Patenga is contaminated by higher concentration of chloride and total dissolved solid. This study aims to investigate the water quality of the tube well based on its distance from flood protection embankment to observed saltwater intrusion in fresh water aquifer. Water sample were collected several times from different tube wells at patenga area based on tube well’s distance from  embankment from February 2017 to August 2017 to observe the seasonal variation of water quality. It was found that chloride concentration, electric conductivity, total dissolved solids etc. are very high compared to the standard value for drinking purpose in Bangladesh. The chloride concentration also decreased as the distance of the tube-wells from embankment increased, which implies that tube well near to coast line has higher chloride concentration. It was also observed that chloride concentration in tube well water also increased during dry season. In this study, the location of the tubewells were considered only along a single alignment in the perpendicular direction of the coastal bank. The study can be further extended for more offsets both in the parallel and the perpendicular direction of the coastal bank for better understanding of the groundwater salinity intrusion. Progressive Agriculture, Vol. 30, Suppl. 1: 65-70, 2019

scholarly journals Assessment of Iron Contamination in Groundwater at Tangail Municipality, Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Hossain ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
N Sultana ◽  
TR Tusher
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Iron Contamination ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Standard Level ◽  
Tube Well

The study was conducted to investigate the iron (Fe) contamination in groundwater at Tangail municipality during the period from January to June 2011. Groundwater samples were collected from 18 locations, where 15 were tube-wells, 2 deep tube-wells and 1 pump. The result of the study showed that the highest level of Fe (24.50 mg/l) was found at Dewla north, while the lowest level (1.03 mg/l) was recorded from Bepari para. The highest and lowest amount of Fe was found in ward 1 and 4, respectively. The results were compared with the Bangladesh drinking water quality standards as well as with the international standards. In Bangladesh, permissible limit of Fe is 0.3-1.0 mg/l, whereas WHO standard level is 0.3 mg/l. All the samples were exceeded the standard levels of Fe, whereas ward 1, 2 and 7 were worstly affected. The study also reveal that the availability of Fe does not depend on the type of water sources, but it depends on the aquifers or water table. If the aquifer contains Fe, then the tube-well water will contain Fe or vice versa. These higher Fe concentrations found in the study area may be harmful for those families who are consuming the water from these sources on regular basis. Thus, to overcome this problem the consumers should not drink these higher amounts of Fe, and they should find other sources or replace the tube-well or treat the water before drinking and other domestic and household purposes.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22051 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 117-121 2013

scholarly journals Geoelectric resistivity sounding for deciphering hydrogeology and locating deep tubewell installation sites in Puroshava area of Bagerhat, Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 107-116
Author(s):  
A. S.M. Woobaidullah ◽  
Mohammad Zohir Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Deep Aquifer ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Electrical Sounding ◽  
Clay Lenses

The study area includes Bagerhat Pouroshava and its surroundings under Bagerhat Sadar Upazila covering an area of 7.53 sq. km with a population of about 50,000. Bagerhat is a coastal district and the subsurface geology is complicated. As in other areas of the coastal belt the quality of ground water in the area is also variable. For ground water development in the study area the shallow aquifer is not suitable as the water is mostly saline to brackish except some isolated fresh water pockets of limited yielding capacity. The deep aquifer is also not very homogeneous in water quality. In the northwestern part it bears fresh water but water quality deteriorates south-southeast with higher depth of occurrence. A comprehensive study is carried out to demarcate the aquifers and to judge the water quality to find the suitable location of the deep tube wells in Bagerhat Pouroshava area. Fifteen geoelectric soundings have been executed in the study area using Schlumberger configuration with maximum spreading of 1200 m. Based on the vertical electrical sounding interpretation results the subsurface sequence is divided into following geoelectric units: The top unit has resistivity less than 5.0 Ωm with a thickness of 1.5 to 20 m and represents the top clay­ silty/sandy clay layer. The second geoelectric unit represents a very fine to  medium  sand  with  thin  clay  lenses  and resistivity varying from 5.0 Ωm  to more than  100.0 Ωm  with a  thickness  of  16 to  135  m. The resistivity of the following unit ranges from l.40 Ωm to 4.8 Ωm and thickness varies from 100 m to more than 300 m. The deepest geoelectric unit shows resistivity from 8.0 Ωm to 18.0 Ωm and represents the deep aquifer. The depth to the aquifer varies from 235 m to 355 m. The most suitable site for groundwater development from the deep aquifer is in the vicinity of East Saira of Shatgambuj union.

Chemometrics in assessment of seasonal variation of water quality in fresh water systems

2010 ◽  
Vol 174 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 529-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakash Raj Kannel ◽  
Sushil R. Kanel ◽  
Seockheon Lee ◽  
Y.-S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Water Systems

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality of Open Wells and Tube Wells around Amalner Town of Jalgaon District, Maharashtra, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. T. Patil ◽  
P. R. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
Tube Well

Groundwater samples (Three open wells, three tube wells) were collected from six different locations around Amalner town and analyzed during November 2007-February 2008. Fifteen physicochemical parameters were analyzed and the results were compared with water quality standards prescribed by WHO and ISI 10500-91. In the present study, two water samples (one open well, one tube well) showed high EC, TDS, TA, TH values indicating poor water quality. The correlation coefficients were calculated. The significance of the results is further discussed.

scholarly journals Water quality of shallow tube wells as affected by sanitary latrines and groundwater flow

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Hafizur Rahman ◽  
ANM Fakhruddin ◽  
Mohammed Jamal Uddin ◽  
Md Shahid Zaman ◽  
Asish Talukder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Shallow Aquifer ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Coliform Count ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Tube Well

The present study investigated the probable influence of latrines and groundwater flow on the water quality of shallow tube wells in Shinduria village (23?52' N and 90?14' E) of Dhaka district, Bangladesh. A questionnaire survey was made to collect basic information on tube wells and latrines. Four boreholes were drilled to investigate lithostratigraphy. Twenty one water samples were collected and their physico-chemical parameters (Dissolved Oxygen, pH, phosphate, sulphate, nitrate, nitrite and iron) were analyzed using standard method. Total viable bacterial count (TVBC), total coliform count (TCC), total faecal coliform count (TFCC), total salmonella shigella (TSS) and total vibrio count (TVC) were also made using membrane filtration method. Average depth of the tube wells was 120 ft and most of them were less then ten years old. About 85% latrines were ring slab type and about 50% of these were built during the last five years. From borehole data, a shallow aquifer was identified at a depth of hundred feet from where local people extract drinking water. Although most of the physico-chemical parameters of the tested samples were within the Department of Environment (DoE). But almost all of the tested samples failed to ensure the quality of acceptable level for drinking water recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) due to the presence of higher load of TVBC (5.07 × 10³ cfu/100 ml), TCC (8.44 × 103cfu/10 0ml), TFCC (5.16 × 10² cfu/100 ml) and TSS (1.10 × 103cfu/100 ml). Local geological conditions and proximity between tube well and latrine promoted bacterial transport towards tube well while groundwater flow direction from the adjacent Bangshi River influenced the phenomenon. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbas.v37i2.17565 Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Scinces, Vol. 37, No. 2, 231-243, 2013

scholarly journals Appraisal of Water Quality Measurements for Canal and Tube Well Water Systems for Agriculture Irrigation in Rechna Doab, Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Mubarra Noreen ◽  
Isma Younes
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Ionic Composition ◽  
Sodium Adsorption Ratio ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Canal Water ◽  
Tube Wells ◽  
Sodium Percentage ◽  
Tube Well

The present study was an attempt to assess the surface and ground water quality for irrigation suitability in Rechna Doab. Irrigation water quality at canals and tube well water were analyzed by physicochemical parameters including pH, Electric Conductivity (EC), important cations such as Calcium (Ca2+) Magnesium (Mg2+), Potassium (K+), Sodium (Na+), important anions such as Chloride (Cl-), Bicarbonate (HCO3-), Sulphate (SO42-), three heavy metals including Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni) and Copper (Cu). Twelve water samples were collected from the main canals (Lower Gogera canal, Jhang branch canal and Rakh branch canal) while fifty water samples were collected from the tube wells. Statistically, data were analyzed by generating correlation coefficients. Canal water quality parameters i.e. Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Magnesium Adsorption Ratio (MAR), Sodium Percentage (Na %), Kelly Ratio (KR), Soluble Sodium Percentage (SSP), Residual Sodium Bicarbonate (RSBC), Permeability Index (PI) and Potential Salinity (PS) with their mean values 0.16,38.18, 8.03, 0.08, 10.17, 0.08, 28.34 and 0.024 respectively were calculated. Piper and Durov diagrammatic representations provided the suitability of the canal water regarding ionic composition. Results revealed that the status of the canal water was fit for agriculture. On the contrary, the data about Electric Conductivity (EC), Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC) of tube well water (with their maximum values 4.80, 29.65 and 13.60, respectively) was exceeding the FAO limits owing of sodium hazards. Thus, the scenario of groundwater is alarming due to unfit status of tube well water regarding irrigation purposes. Out of total 50 water samples of tube wells, 11 samples were found to be fit. While 39 samples were unfit for crop irrigation. Geo-statistical analysis was performed by using Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) technique created in Arc map.

scholarly journals SIMULASI PH AIR UNTUK AIR BOILER DAN AIR CHILLER PADA MESIN PRODUKSI REFRIGERATOR DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN LOGIKA FUZZY

eLEKTRIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Andhika Irawan ◽  
Sri Heranurweni ◽  
Titik Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Iron Ion ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Boiler Water ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

<p>The need for water is very important for the production process, the water quality must also be considered the pH value so that the water is suitable for use in boilers or chillers. Seeing from these needs a simulation was made on matlab R2017a using a fuzzy toolbox that can find out the water quality with fuzzy mamdani method. This fuzzy logic simulation can determine the standard value of boiler water pH (10.5-11.5) and the standard pH value of chiller water (6-8) in the production machine. The methods in fuzzy logic used are mamdani and centroid methods as deffuzification with R2017a matlab simulation tool. The fuzzy inference system used is the mamdani method. This study made a simulation of mamdani method that can determine the quality of the PH water produced by using fuzzy logic. Chiller water pH can be used if iron ion values (0-2 ppm), silica ions (50-150 ppm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) (500-1000 ppm), total Hardness (100-200 ppm), M-alkalinity (500-750 ppm) from the standard value, the pH of the chiller water can be proven to reach a water pH value of 6-8. Boiler water pH can be used if iron ion values (0-2 ppm), silica ions (100-150 ppm), Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) (2000-3500 ppm), total Hardness (0-3 ppm), M-alkalinity (700-800 ppm) from the standard value, the pH of boiler water can be proven to reach a water pH value of 10.5-11.5.<br />Keywords: fuzzy logic, Mamdani method, pH of boiler water</p>

scholarly journals Saltwater Intrusion Zone Mapping on Shallow Groundwater Aquifer in Selat Baru, Bengkalis Island, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dewandra Bagus Eka Putra ◽  
Yuniarti Yuskar ◽  
Husnul Kausarian ◽  
Wan Zuhairi Wan Yaacob ◽  
Mohamad Sapari Dwi Hadian
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Saltwater Intrusion ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Water Quality Standard ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid ◽  
Dug Well

Saltwater intrusion becomes a common problem in coastal area. Northern coast of Bengkalis Island in Riau, Indonesia that contiguously to Malacca Strait is experiencing the problem particularly in Selat Baru area which considered as developing area and most of the people live close to the sea. Dug well is the main source of groundwater that had been used by the population in Selat Baru and as the increasing of land occupation, the demand of clean water is rising up followed by the number of dug well. A study of groundwater monitoring was conducted to identify the zone of saltwater intrusion. Field observation had done by measuring the water level and physical parameters of groundwater such as taste, pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and total dissolved solid (TDS) from 110 existing dug wells. Some conus feature had found from groundwater elevation map which indicated lower water level caused by excessive groundwater pumping. Generally, pH shows values from 6-8 that was still in range of water quality standard, but there are 20 wells (18%) that have pH below the water quality standard (slightly acidic water). Similar pattern had been observed from Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solid (TDS) map, higher value of EC and TDS was dominant in the northern part of study area and lower value in the south. Groundwater taste map also revealed the identical condition with EC and TDS map which dominated by brackish and saline water in the northern part. Therefore, the study area had been divided into two zones of groundwater saline water zone possibly caused by the saltwater intrusion in the northern part and freshwater zone from the center to the southern part.

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