scholarly journals Effect of Methyl Jasmonate and Mannitol Application on Growth and Eugenol Content in Callus Cultures of Carnation

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-240
Author(s):  
Mohamed A Matter ◽  
Moemen S Hanafy ◽  
Usama I Aly
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Cultures

A protocol for callus induction from leaves of carnation is established. MS fortified with 2.0 mg /l 2,4‐D and 0.5 mg/l Kn was found to be the appropriate medium for producing callus cultures. Methyl jasmonate at 20 μM concentration showed the highest growth rate (98.21 mg/day) while mannitol concentrations at 2% gave the peak growth rate (97.1 mg/day).The highest content of eugenol (14.65 μg/100 g calli) was recorded with medium containing 20 μM methyl jasmonate followed by 8.16 μg/100 g calli with 10 μM methyl jasmonate. In presence of 0.5% mannitol, maximum eugenol content (18.00 μg/100 g calli) was obtained.Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 27(2): 227-240, 2017 (December)

scholarly journals Optimization of Seed Germination, Callus Induction, and Secondary Metabolites Production in Allium Jesdianum: Elicitation by Methyl Jasmonate and Putrescine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmat Yazdanian ◽  
Pooran Golkar ◽  
Mohammad Reza Vahabi ◽  
Marzieh Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Callus Growth ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Total Carotenoids

Abstract Allium jesdianum is considered as the most important genera of the Liliaceae family with various pharmacological properties. The present study was carried out to determine the best pre-germination treatment in A. jesdianum. The highest seed germination (58.33%) was observed at chemical treatment including the combination of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (1 mgL− 1) and benzyl aminopurine (3 mgL− 1) on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media. The highest callus induction (86.7%) was observed at MS/2 media, which was supplemented by NAA (1 mgL− 1) and BAP (3 mgL− 1) from hypocotyl explants. Two elicitors including methyl jasmonate (MeJ) (0, 25, 50, and 100 µM) and putrescine (Pu) (0, 0.5, and 1 mM) were used to investigate their effects on lipid peroxidation, callus growth traits, total phenolics content (TPC), the contents of total flavonoids (TFD), total flavonols (TFL), anthocyanin, total chlorophyll, total carotenoids and on antioxidant activity through DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) method under callus culture. The results showed the superiority of MeJ over Pu for increasing the secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity in callused of A. Jesdianum, compared to the control. The highest TPC (6.02 mg GAEg− 1 FW), TFD (0.52 mg QEg− 1 FW), and TFL (0.39 mg QEg− 1 FW) were observed under 50 µM of MeJ. Meanwhile, the highest value for anthocyanin (8.99 µ mol g− 1 FW) was achieved at 25 µM of MeJ. The highest DPPH activities were observed at 50 and 100 µM of MeJ. Putrescine (0.5 mM) elicitation showed only superiority for callus growth rate (0.53 mm day− 1) and carotenoids (0.045 mg g− 1 DW). In this study, effective seed germination and elicitation of A. Jesdianum callus cultures were developed for the first time. Thus, new protocols could be suitable for future studies in biotechnological aspects of this medicinal plant.

scholarly journals Establishment of Morphogenic and Regeneration Ability in two Indica Rice Cell Suspension Cultures after Exposure to NaCl

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
T.L. Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Cell Suspension Cultures ◽  
Nacl Stress ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Regeneration Ability ◽  
Rice Varieties

An efficient protocol was developed for in vitro morphogenic ability along with plantlet regeneration of two Bangladeshi indica rice varieties (BR24 and BR26) via somatic embryogenesis by applying 50 mM NaCl stress in callus induction and suspension initiation media. Osmotic stress was induced by NaCl (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mM) on the cell growth in suspension maintenance media. In viability test stress adapted cells showed 85 - 95% viability up to 200 mM NaCl compared with stress shocked (MS1-50) and control (MS1-0) treatments. Higher stress adapted cells showed growth retardation and the induction of plasmolysis. For both genotypes somatic embryos were obtained in both MS based liquid and semisolid media with or without 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Cell suspension-derived micro-calli were partially desiccated (6 - 12 hr) and subsequently maintained in MS1 callus induction media supplemented with proline (12 mM), ABA (2 mg/l) and 0.6% phytagel in the presence or absence of 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Subsequently, desiccated somatic embryos were transferred in MS based regeneration media with or without 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Proline mediated callus was found to be more effective in embryo differentiation than ABA. Partial desiccation dramatically enhanced callus growth and partially increased regeneration percentage. BR24 showed a better regeneration response producing plantlets in presence of proline in control media while BR26 restored regeneration potential in the presence of ABA and 100 mM NaCl. Plantlets regenerated from salt stressed callus cultures were then grown in compost in a glasshouse and produced normal, fertile plants.  Key words: Indica rice, Cell suspension, Morphogenic, Regeneration D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i2.5436 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(2): 185-197, 2009 (December)

Physiological trade-offs associated with methyl jasmonate - induced resistance in Pinus radiata

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Gould ◽  
Tony Reglinski ◽  
Mike Spiers ◽  
Joe T. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Meja Treatment ◽  
Seedling Growth Rate ◽  
The Impact

Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) can induce defence responses in plants to pathogen attack, but it can also have consequences for plant growth. The transient effects of exogenous MeJA treatment on the resistance of Monterey pine ( Pinus radiata D. Don) seedlings to Diplodia pinea (Desm.) Kickx. and some physiological parameters affecting the impact of treatment on seedling growth were investigated. Following foliar application of 4.5 mmol·L–1 MeJA, disease resistance was greatest 1–2 weeks after treatment and declined with time thereafter. Elevated disease resistance was accompanied by a reduction in seedling growth rate the second week following MeJA treatment. Thereafter, seedling growth rate recovered and exceeded that of the control seedlings 4–5 weeks after MeJA treatment. Within hours of MeJA treatment, reductions in both the capacity of photosystem II and transpiration rate were observed, resulting in a concomitant reduction in net CO2 uptake rate. The slight reduction in transpiration rate was also associated with an increase in needle water potential. Longer term measurements showed no effect of MeJA on photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, chlorophyll content, or shoot water potential and thus could not account for the elevated growth rate observed 4–5 weeks after treatment.

In vitro callus induction and regeneration of multiple shoots through callus derived from leaf and epicotyl explants in pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan L.)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padmavathi A.V. Thangella ◽  
B. Fakrudin
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Shape ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Pigeon Pea ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Cotyledonary Leaf ◽  
Higher Doses

An efficient in vitro protocol was developed for callus induction, high frequency plant regeneration through callus cultures derived from cotyledonary leaf and epicotyl explants, rooting of shoots derived from callus and establishment onto the natural conditions in two cultivars of pigeon pea; ICPL 87119 and ICPL 8863. Cotyledonary leaf and epicotyl explants were tested for callus induction across 48 different combinations and concentrations of auxins and cytokinins in MS medium, wherein, higher doses of auxins (15 mg/1 NAA) in combination with lower doses of cytokinins (0.5 mg/l kinetin) induced regenerable callus from leaf explants while lower doses of auxins (0.2 mg/1 NAA) in combination with higher doses of cytokinins (8 mg/1 kinetin) induced regenerable callus from epicotyl explants in both the genotypes. Plantlet regeneration from leaf and epicotyl derived callus was optimized at 0.05 mg/l TDZ in both genotypes. Rooting was optimized on ½ MS + 0.5 mg/1 IBA media in both genotypes. Well-rooted plants were acclimatized and established successfully into natural conditions in potting mixture-containing soil: FYM in 1:1 ratio resulting in 48.01 per cent survivability. Regenerated plants were uniform morphologically with normal leaf shape and growth. This protocol finds its significance in rapid multiplication of transgenic plants.

scholarly journals Callus Induction and Regeneration from Germinating Mature Embryos of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-896
Author(s):  
Samih M. Tamimi ◽  
Halima Othman
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Mature Embryo ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Wheat Callus

A high-performance protocol for callus induction was devised using germinating mature embryos of two local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) landraces as explant. The results showed that callus development from germinating embryos was rapid starting one day after culture with an induction rate 20 to 25% higher than those of soaked embryos. In addition, the mean rate of growth of callus developed from germinating embryos was 60 to 70% higher than those cultured from soaked embryos. This study also demonstrated a higher frequency of green spots formation(48 to 56%)on callus derived from germinating embryos compared to their soaked counterpart (24 to 28%), suggesting a better differentiation potential of callus cultures derived from germinating embryo. These findings indicate that germinating mature embryo is more suitable explant for wheat callus induction and regeneration than the soaked mature embryo commonly employed for wheat callus culture.

scholarly journals Production of Gymnemic Acid Depends on Medium, Explants, PGRs, Color Lights, Temperature, Photoperiod, and Sucrose Sources in Batch Culture ofGymnema sylvestre

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bakrudeen Ali Ahmed ◽  
A. S. Rao ◽  
M. V. Rao ◽  
Rosna Mat Taha
Keyword(s):  
Batch Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Time Factors ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Gymnemic Acid ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Culture Optimization

Gymnema sylvestre(R.Br.) is an important diabetic medicinal plant which yields pharmaceutically active compounds called gymnemic acid (GA). The present study describes callus induction and the subsequent batch culture optimization and GA quantification determined by linearity, precision, accuracy, and recovery. Best callus induction of GA was noticed in MS medium combined with 2,4-D (1.5 mg/L) and KN (0.5 mg/L). Evaluation and isolation of GA from the calluses derived from different plant parts, namely, leaf, stem and petioles have been done in the present case for the first time. Factors such as light, temperature, sucrose, and photoperiod were studied to observe their effect on GA production. Temperature conditions completely inhibited GA production. Out of the different sucrose concentrations tested, the highest yield (35.4 mg/g d.w) was found at 5% sucrose followed by 12 h photoperiod (26.86 mg/g d.w). Maximum GA production (58.28 mg/g d.w) was observed in blue light. The results showed that physical and chemical factors greatly influence the production of GA in callus cultures ofG. sylvestre. The factors optimized forin vitroproduction of GA during the present study can successfully be employed for their large-scale production in bioreactors.

Production of Glycyrrhizin in Callus Cultures of Licorice

2008 ◽  
Vol 63 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 413-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winida Wongwicha ◽  
Hiroyuki Tanaka ◽  
Yukihiro Shoyama ◽  
Indree Tuvshintogtokh ◽  
Waraporn Putalun
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Induction

Licorice plants, Glycyrrhiza glabra, G. uralensis, and G. inflata, were investigated for callus induction using Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium combined with auxins and cytokinins. After 4 weeks of culture, 33-100% of leaf or stem explants formed calli. Maximum of shoot induction from callus cultures was achieved by G. inflata stem explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.5 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA) (67%) which also gave maximum shoot formation per explant (two shoots per explant). These results indicated that all three Glycyrrhiza species regenerated shoots from callus cultures on MS medium combined with NAA and BA or only thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.1 and 0.5 mg/l). Glycyrrhizin contents of G. uralensis calli induced using MS medium in combination with NAA and BA [(27.60 ± 8.47) μg/g DW] or TDZ alone [(36.52 ± 2.45) μg/ g DW] were higher than those found in other combinations.

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