scholarly journals A study on prescription analysis of referral dog bite cases to anti rabies clinic of M.K.C.G. Medical College, Berhampur, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Tapas Ranjan Behera ◽  
Gurukrushna Mohapatra ◽  
Biswabara Rout
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Primary Health

Dog bites in human are a serious public health problem and have been well documented worldwide. As rabies is not a notifiable disease in India and most deaths occur in rural areas where surveillance is poor. The objective of this study to assess the drug prescription patterns of referral cases of dog bite attending in the anti-rabies clinic (ARC) of Department of Community Medicine at MKCG Medical College. For this particular study 606 prescriptions were collected over a six months period. Suspected referred dog bite cases to ARC and willing to participate in the study were included as study subjects. Prescriptions Patients’ identity (name, age, sex) and date of prescription were present in all cases, address was written correctly in only 30% cases. 88% of the prescriptions were legible. Majority prescriptions (44%) were referred from of primary health centers and community health centers. Nearly one third of referred patients had not received anti rabies vaccine. Only 5% cases were administered with rabies immune globulin and about 30% had taken oral antibiotics which were referred from PHCs/CHCs. Specific treatment to dog bite (i.e. use of vaccine & RIG) was lacking in the prescription whereas Co-prescription of other drugs (i.e. antibiotics, pain killers, vitamins) were mentioned in the prescription. Regular prescription auditing with training of Medical Officers on essential drug availability should be undertaken by the Govt. of Odisha in order to give rationality to all prescriptions.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.7(1) 2017: 51-54

scholarly journals Endemicity of malaria in rural areas: A prospective longitudinal study in India

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Mohammad Athar Ansari ◽  
Iqbal Mohd Khan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Presumptive Treatment ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paramedical Staff ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

The aim of the study is to assess the magnitude of the problem and certain epidemiological factors associated with malaria and examine the changing pattern of malaria through its parameters of measurement during 2009-2011. The study was carried out at the Rural Health Training Center (RHTC), under the J. N. Medical College, Aligarh Mus-lim University, Aligarh, (India) for three years from 1st January 2009 to 31st December 2011. Teams of doctors and paramedical staff regularly visited the villages. If any person was found to be suffering from fever, his/her blood was examined for the malaria parasite. Patients were given presumptive treatment and radical treatment if slides were positive. The findings of the study demonstrated that the number of malaria cases increased during the study period, but in the year 2010, a sudden upsurge was noticed. Out of 5594 patients, most of the patients seen were in the age group of 11-20 years (34.3%). P. vivax (96.2%) was the most common malaria infection in these areas. An increasing trend of malaria was seen from July to October. Most of the parameters of malaria measurement in-creased many folds in 2010 and showed a declining trend in 2011. The overall findings of the study indicated the high endemicity of malaria in the study area and demonstrated a changing pattern of malaria in the registered vil-lages as most of the parameters of malaria measurement increased. An integrated approach is needed which in-cludes mass survey or active surveillance, and appropriate drug therapy to tackle this public health problem. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/seajph.v2i2.15940 South East Asia J Public Health | Jul-Dec 2012 | Vol 2 Issue 2 | 28-33

scholarly journals THE MANAGEMENT OF SNAKE BITE AND THEIR OUTCOME WITH DIFFERENT VARIABLES

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar Jakhar ◽  
Arvind Jain
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Snake Bite ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Common Component ◽  
Medical College

Background: Snake Bite is a life-threatening medical emergency & major public health issue throughout the world and especially in tropical countries like India. Snake bite which is a substantial cause of death in rural areas of developing countries, is a neglected public health problem. Methods: The study include the patient of snake bite who is admitted in department of medicine of M.D.M. Hospital attached to Dr S. N. Medical College Jodhpur during the period of one year January 01 2018 to December 31, 2018. Patients were enrolled after obtaining an informed consent and meeting inclusion criteria. Results: Maximum number of the cases did not receive any first aid and ASV& Pain killer was the most common component of the first aid. Two third of the cases were bitten by Viper snakes while one third by Cobra and Krait collectively. ASV dose was given as per the case response and in ASV dose of 30-50 VIAL was injected in majority of the victims (38.56). 30-50 VIAL was injected in majority of the victims. At time of hospital admission WBCT is normal in 52 patients (33.09%) while 101 patients had WBCT more than 20 min. Conclusion: Snakebite, an important occupational hazard, though preventable in principle remains to be one of the common medical emergencies. Primary prevention by imparting information regarding quick transport, correct first aid measures and training of primary level health workers can drastically bring down the mortality of this neglected tropical disease. Keywords: Snake bite, ASV, Viper.

Assessment of Indian Public Health Standards in the Primary Health Centers in a District of Uttar Pradesh, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Arshiya Masood ◽  
Anil K Singh ◽  
DS Martolia ◽  
Tanu Midha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Health Standards

ABSTRACT Introduction Primary health center (PHC) is a first port of call to a qualified doctor of the public sector in rural areas. Standards are the main driver for continuous improvement in quality. The performance of PHCs can be assessed against the Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS) recommended for PHCs in early 2007. The overall objective of IPHS for PHCs is to provide health care, i.e., quality oriented and sensitive to the needs of the community. These standards would also help monitor and improve the functioning of the PHCs. Aims and objectives This study was carried out to assess (1) the infrastructure, equipments, instruments, staffing, and other facilities; (2) the services being provided at PHCs; (3) to find out the reasons for nonutilization of health services and suggest remedial measures for the same. Material and methods This was a cross-sectional study at two PHCs, namely Thatiya and Umerda of Tirwa block of Kannauj District selected randomly for assessment. Health care providers, mainly medical officers, were interviewed using pretested, precoded pro forma. Descriptive analysis was used as per study requirements. Results It has been found that only outpatient department services were being provided with many missing components, such as one of the most important ones like maternal and child health and family planning. Physical infrastructure and facilities were inadequate at both the PHCs. Both of them were grossly underequipped and understaffed. Medical officers face their own problems; even basic amenities of life like water, electricity, canteen, etc., are lacking there. Conclusion Both the PHCs were not performing up to the expectations and standards of the Indian Public Health. How to cite this article Masood A, Singh AK, Martolia DS, Midha T. Assessment of Indian Public Health Standards in the Primary Health Centers in a District of Uttar Pradesh, India. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(2):53-60.

scholarly journals The impact of COVID-19 on primary health care and antibiotic prescribing in rural China: qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Xingrong Shen ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Linhai Zhao ◽  
Debin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Antibiotic Prescribing ◽  
Epidemic Control ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background In China, the primary health care (PHC) system has been designated responsible for control and prevention of COVID-19, but not treatment. Suspected COVID-19 cases presenting to PHC facilities must be transferred to specialist fever clinics. This study aims to understand the impact of COVID-19 on PHC delivery and on antibiotic prescribing at a community level in rural areas of central China. Methods Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 18 PHC practitioners and seven patients recruited from two township health centres and nine village clinics in two rural residential areas of Anhui province. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Results PHC practitioners reported a major shift in their work away from seeing and treating patients (due to government-mandated referral to specialist Covid clinics) to focus on the key public health roles of tracing, screening and educating in rural areas. The additional work, risk, and financial pressure that PHC practitioners faced, placed considerable strain on them, particularly those working in village clinics. Face to face PHC provision was reduced and there was no substitution with consultations by phone or app, which practitioners attributed to the fact that most of their patients were elderly and not willing or able to switch. Practitioners saw COVID-19 as outside of their area of expertise and very different to the non-COVID-19 respiratory tract infections that they frequently treated pre-pandemic. They reported that antibiotic prescribing was reduced overall because far fewer patients were attending rural PHC facilities, but otherwise their antibiotic prescribing practices remained unchanged. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic had considerable impact on PHC in rural China. Practitioners took on substantial additional workload as part of epidemic control and fewer patients were seen in PHC. The reduction in patients seen and treated in PHC led to a reduction in antibiotic prescribing, although clinical practice remains unchanged. Since COVID-19 epidemic control work has been designated as a long-term task in China, rural PHC clinics now face the challenge of how to balance their principal clinical and increased public health roles and, in the case of the village clinics, remain financially viable.

scholarly journals Anaemia among Egyptian adolescents: prevalence and determinants

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1017-1025
Author(s):  
F. El Sahn ◽  
S. Sallam ◽  
A. Mandif ◽  
O. Galal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Socioeconomic Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Scale

We aimed to estimate the nationwide prevalence of anaemia among adolescents in Egypt and to study possible risk factors. A cross-sectional approach was used. Blood samples were collected from 1980 adolescents for haemoglobin estimation. The overall prevalence of anaemia was 46.6%, most of which was mild or moderate, with severe cases in less than 1.0% of the sample. Gender difference was almost nonexistent. A significant inverse relationship was observed between the level of anaemia and age [especially among boys], socioeconomic level and educational level. Anaemia was more prevalent in rural areas and in Upper [southern] Egypt. Anaemia is a major public health problem among Egyptian adolescents and wide-scale public health education is warranted.

Pattern and Outcome of Dog Bite Injuries among Children-a Study in 200 Cases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Md Waliur Rahman ◽  
◽  
Md Habibullah Sarkar ◽  
Samir Kumar Talukder ◽  
Md Joynal Abedin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hospital Treatment ◽  
Post Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Dog Bite ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Exposure Prophylaxis ◽  
Bite Injuries

Introduction: Dog bites in humans are a major public health problem. Globally, millions of people are bitten by dogs but most of the fatal cases occur in children. Dog bites in human are a serious public health problem and have been well documented worldwide. As rabies is not a notifiable disease in Bangladesh and most deaths occur in rural areas where surveillance is poor. Objectives: To determine the pattern of dog bite injuries and associated health problems among children. Methods: The study was an observational retrospective study carried out at the Dept. of General Surgery, Chuadanga Sadar Hospital, Chuadanga, Bangladesh. The study reviewed the clinical data of patients managed for dog bite related injuries and rabies over a four and half year period between January 2016 and June 2020. A proforma was designed to extract relevant clinical data from the case records. Information extracted included the age, sex of the victims, site of the bite, time of presentation in the hospital, pre-hospital treatment, hospital treatment including post-exposure prophylaxis and complication. Results: In all, 200 cases of dog bite injuries were managed constituting 0.89% of the total consultations; 5 (2.5%) had rabies. Most of the victims were aged 6-12 years (55.0%) and majority (67.0%) was boys. Eighty two percent of the victims presented within 24hrs of the injury. 92 (46.0%) had WHO grade 3 dog bite injury at presentation and the lower limb was the commonest (56.0%) bite site. Use of herbal preparation was the most common pre-hospital treatment 60%. Although 95.0% received anti-rabies vaccine, only 55.5% of them completed the vaccination schedule. The case fatality rate for dog bite was 5.0%. The 5 that died all presented late, had no post exposure prophylaxis and died within 24 hours of admission. Conclusion: There is need for public enlightenment on dangers associated with dog bites and also for the government to ensure vaccination for cost of post exposure prophylaxis treatment for children free of cost

scholarly journals Building Community-Based Surge Capacity through a Public Health and Academic Collaboration: The Role of Community Health Centers

2006 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard K. Koh ◽  
Amie C. Shei ◽  
Janette Bataringaya ◽  
Jon Burstein ◽  
Paul D. Biddinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Community Health Centers ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Surge Capacity ◽  
Academic Collaboration ◽  
Building Community
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