scholarly journals Development and Culture in the Context of Chittagong Hill Tracts (Cht), Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
Sabiha Yeasmin Rosy
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

This paper aims to understand the background of development and draws a link to culture in the context of Chittagong Hill Tracts (CHT) - a post conflict region – to explore how the dispossession and commercialisation of culture in development planning is processing tension between different actors by reviewing secondary literature. The Indigenous people of Bangladesh have a longstanding history of struggle to achieve self-determination due to their institutional reference as ‘tribes’ or ‘ethnic minorities’. Denial of Indigenous peoples’ identity contributes to their discrimination and violation within the existing development concerns. The specific structural regulations and resource mobilization activities resulting from institutions – government, military, and powerful individuals - in areas inhabited by Indigenous people reflect the asymmetrical relations between Indigenous peoples and Bangalee actors. The conflict started in this region with the mobilization of ethnic majority Bangalee through the settlement programs in 1970s as a part of ‘development’ project, which later created tensions in this region due to the exploitation of people, land, and culture. As the government and ongoing military presence greatly shape ‘development’ for local people, the power relations between different actors facilitate the various forms of exploitative development projects. In addition, the ignorance towards integration of culture in development projects results in imposing threats to Indigenous peoples’ lives, livelihoods, and access to resources. This paper focuses on the economic expansions in this region from modernist perspectives drawing the example of tourism development in the CHT, which can marginalize and exploit Indigenous people in the making of ‘development’, Social Science Review, Vol. 37(2), Dec 2020 Page 87-103

Capital Expenditure, Recurring Expenditure, and Development Planning Comments on Dr. Huda's Address

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-364
Author(s):  
M. Akhlaqur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Financial Planning ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Operation And Maintenance ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this note is to discuss the nature of the problems created -by the "impact of the capital expenditure on the subsequent liabilities of re¬curring expenditure"1 of the government and to suggest certain remedies for either eliminating or reducing such problems. The problem, as stated below, basically relates to the financial planning of development projects. The installation of a development project involves capital costs. The running of the project, after its completion, involves the costs of operation and maintenance, i.e., the recurring costs. The purpose of * financial planning is to maximize the surplus of returns over the costs of opera¬tion, including the maintenance and replacement costs.

Peering Beyond the Imperial Gaze: Using Digital Tools to Construct a Spatial History of Conquest

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy M. Mikecz
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Spanish Conquest ◽  
Digital Maps ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
Colonial Texts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spatial Narrative

Ethnohistorians and other scholars have long noted how European colonial texts often concealed the presence and participation of indigenous peoples in New World conquests. This scholarship has examined how European sources (both texts and maps) have denied indigenous history, omitted indigenous presence, elided indigenous agency, and ignored indigenous spaces all while exaggerating their own power and importance. These works provide examples of colonial authors performing these erasures, often as a means to dispossess. What they lack, however, is a systematic means of identifying, locating, and measuring these silences in space and time. This article proposes a spatial history methodology which can make visible, as well as measurable and quantifiable the ways in which indigenous people and spaces have been erased by colonial narratives. It presents two methods for doing this. First, narrative analysis and geovisualization are used to deconstruct the imperial histories found in colonial European sources. Second it combines text with maps to tell a new (spatial) narrative of conquest. This new narrative reconstructs indigenous activity through a variety of digital maps, including ‘mood maps’, indigenous activity maps, and maps of indigenous aid. The resulting spatial narrative shows the Spanish conquest of Peru was never inevitable and was dependent on the constant aid of immense numbers of indigenous people.

scholarly journals Коренные народы Охотско-колымского края в годы Великой Отечественной войны

2020 ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
L. N. Khakhovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Care ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Reindeer Herding ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Collective Farming ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
The Government

Based on archival sources, the author analyzes the situation of the indigenous peoples of the Okhotsk-Kolyma territory during the Great Patriotic War. The government continued to implement paternalistic social policies: the development of housing and social infrastructure in the areas where indigenous peoples live, improvement of medical care and education, and vocational training. It is shown that most indigenous peoples, involved with collective farming worked disciplinedly and responsibly in areas related to traditional nature management (reindeer herding, fishing, fur hunting). With their labor and personal donations, the indigenous people made a feasible contribution to the victory. The indigenous peoples also fought on the front and served in the rear troops.

scholarly journals PERAN NEGARA DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA KELAUTAN BERBASIS KEARIFAN LOKAL UNTUK KESEJAHTERAAN YANG BERKEADILAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Rachmad Safaat ◽  
Dwi Yono
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Traditional Society ◽  
Economic Base ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Clean Environment ◽  
Coastal Area Management ◽  
The Government

Marine and coastal area management is necessary to be operated comprehensively and sustainable. The existence of indigenous peoples and traditional society has a role in the marine and coastal areas management, but the legislation has not been fully giving more protection in its management. Economic base development, generally often ignore local society wisdom, so that a clean environment is being polluted as a result of that waiver. Development that materialistic value oriented, only the physical build that actually provide benefits to investors and not the community itself. What kind of justice that ideally obtained by indigenous and traditional peoples to achieve justice that bring prosperity? The government has neglected and must fix the policies in the legislation as a foundation for development without neglecting the indigenous people themselves. Equitable development not just physically, but sustainable development to preserve nature by observing local society wisdom that have taken place to the next. The government still considered neglectful for environmental management.

Anthropology and Development Planning

1979 ◽  
Vol 1 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 6-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Partridge
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Interorganizational Relationships ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
Project Objectives

A development project "is alive, it changes its form and develops, or it declines" (Opler, Morris E. Social Aspects of Technical Assistance. p. 70. Amsterdam: UNESCO, 1954). Conditions in the natural history of a development project are different in its conception phase as compared to its construction phase, or two years after it is in operation, or a generation later—project objectives evolve, personnel come and go, interorganizational relationships shift, program designs are modified, and the uses to which social scientific data and analysis are put change over the life of the project. The evaluation of the socioeconomic and cultural impacts of a project undertaken at only one stage is, perforce, unsystematic and only rarely comprehensively analytical. When anthropologists enter a development project, it is often as technicians. They are fieldworkers on sojourns from academe, hired to carry out studies and write reports and leave the decisions to others. Our wholistic perspective does not assist us in achieving systematic and comprehensive analyses of impacts when we are limited in this way.

scholarly journals The Construction of Acehnese Identity in Serambi Indonesia after the Helsinki Memorandum of Understanding

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-361
Author(s):  
Febri Nurrahmi
Keyword(s):  
Symbolic Language ◽  
Peace Accord ◽  
Conflict Area ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Local Media ◽  
Free Aceh Movement ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government ◽  
Separatist Movement ◽  
Reconciliation Process

The signing of Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between the Government of Indonesia and The Free Aceh Movement (GAM) in 2005 in Helsinki officially ended the armed separatist movement in Aceh. The long history of separatist movement in the region had created the question of identity between Acehnese and Indonesian identities among Acehnese. This study investigated the construction of Acehnese identity in relation to Indonesian identity in Serambi Indonesia, the most prominent local media, after the signing of the Helsinki peace accord. This study used a textual analysis to examine the construction of Acehnese identity through the use of symbolic language. The sample of 88 articles collected from July 2012 to May 2013 were analyzed based on five coding categories; themes, framing perspectives, labels to describe Aceh, labels to describe Indonesia, and depiction of Aceh-Indonesia relations. Findings revealed that Serambi Indonesia had managed to negotiate the tension between Acehnese and Indonesian identities. The newspaper overtly legitimated Aceh as an Indonesian region while maintaining the specialty of Aceh in comparison to other provinces of Indonesia. These findings suggested that the local media played a significant role in identity reconciliation during the reconciliation process in the post-conflict area

scholarly journals CECA e COMIN: A sociedade civil promovendo cidadania desde outras pedagogias

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Nivea Ivette Núñez de la Paz E Renate Gierus
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Movements ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Student Leaders ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Educational Processes ◽  
History Of

Este artigo, embasado em relatos de experiências, quer compartilhar processos educativos vivenciados a partir de duas organizações da sociedade civil - OSCs, o Centro Ecumênico de Capacitação e Assessoria - CECA e o Conselho de Missão entre Povos Indígenas-COMIN, instituições que tem suas sedes localizadas em São Leopoldo/RS. O CECA atua na formação de lideranças estudantis, comunitárias, de movimentos eclesiais e sociais; e o COMIN, com povos indígenas, ambas na promoção de cidadania e direitos humanos. Iniciamos o relato com um breve histórico de cada instituição, seguido da descrição metodológica da experiência, finalizando com uma análise da mesma.This article, based on experience reports, wants to share educational processes experienced based on two civil society organizations - OSCs, Ecumenical Centre for Training and Consultancy - CECA and Council of Mission among Indigenous people - COMIN, institutions that have their headquarters located in São Leopoldo / RS. CECA acts with formation of student leaders, community, ecclesial and social movements; and COMIN with indigenous peoples, both promote citizenship and human rights. We begin this reporting with a brief history of each institution, followed by the methodological description of the experience, ending with an analysis of that experience.

Socio-economic Consequences of Displacement and Resettlement: A Case on the Planned Oil-refinery-development Project in the Albertine Region of Uganda

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Aboda ◽  
Paul Vedeld ◽  
Patrick Byakagaba ◽  
Frank Mugagga ◽  
Goretti Nabanoga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
The Government ◽  
Productive Assets

Abstract Millions of people are every year forcefully displaced from their places of residence and alienated from access to livelihood assets through large-scale development projects. This article examines different socio-economic consequences of displacement and resettlement caused by the planned oil-refinery site in Uganda. Household survey and interviews were employed to elicit the necessary data, analysed through descriptive statistics, logistic-regression and content analysis. Although the resettlement process exposed households to some benefits, most households were exposed to substantial risks. Over 81 per cent of households experiencing displacement lost their land and experienced reduced resource access. The results also showed significant relationships between consequences and socio-economic characteristics of respondents in that both male and female respondents had access to more and productive assets; and larger land sizes and incomes were reported to have been more affected. Also vulnerable groups including females and those with low or no education levels were more risk-prone than before the resettlement. In future development projects, the government should take into consideration the effect of the displacement and resettlement on asset access.

Consent, Resistance and the Duty to Consult

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avigail Eisenberg
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Indigenous Rights ◽  
Collective Agency ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Political Alliances ◽  
Meaningful Engagement ◽  
The Government ◽  
Government Of Canada ◽  
Better Than

Until recently, conflicts between Indigenous peoples and the Canadian state over land development projects have proceeded without the requirement that the state or companies obtain Indigenous consent. In 2018, this changed when the Government of Canada released a statement identifying ‘free, prior, and informed consent’ (fpic) as a requirement of meaningful engagement on projects that implicate Indigenous rights. This article considers the promise of consent within consultation processes. Consent is better than its absence, but conflicts over land development often involve rival claims to authority. The principle of consent cannot alone address the challenges posed by these rival claims nor offer appropriate responses to them. Through organised resistance, communities develop collective agency, forge political alliances, and re-appropriate their authority over territory and resources that are significant to them. The introduction of fpic clarifies but does not replace the benefits of resistance for some communities.

scholarly journals Dehumanisation Of Moronene Hukaea Laea Indigenous Community In Setting The Boundary Of Ulayat Rights

Al-'Adl ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Andi Yaqub ◽  
Ashadi L. Diab ◽  
Andi Novita Mudriani Djaoe ◽  
Riadin Riadin ◽  
Iswandi Iswandi
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
National Park ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Customary Rights ◽  
The Government

The determination of the area of customary rights of indigenous peoples is a form of protection for indigenous peoples, a step to overcome vertical conflicts between the Moronene Hukaea Laea indigenous people and conservation or national park managers. This study aims to capture the extent to which the position and existence of Perda no. 4 of 2015 on the recognition of the customary rights of the moronene indigenous people of Hukaea Laea. This type of research is descriptive analysis with a qualitative approach, the research location is in Watu-Watu Village, Lantari Jaya District and Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Bombana Regency and the data collection of this study is through direct interviews and deductive conclusions are drawn. Based on the results of this study, the forms of dehumanization of the Moronene Hukaea Laea indigenous people include: (1) In 1997 the Moronene Hukaea Laea indigenous people experienced intimidation by the universe broom group such as burning houses and land and in 2002 repeated home destruction and eviction ulayat areas by the government because the Moronene indigenous people are in conservation areas or national parks, the pretext of expulsion and arrest of customary leaders and indigenous peoples of Moronene Hukaea Laea has based on a negative stigma that the existence of indigenous peoples is a group that destroys ecosystems and ecology. (2) In 2015 the stipulation of Regional Regulation No. 4 of 2015 is not substantive because it only regulates the existence of indigenous peoples, not the absolute determination of territory by the Hukaea Laea indigenous people. This is indicated by the policy of the Minister of Forestry which concluded that based on the total population of the Hukaea Laea Indigenous Peoples, only 6,000 hectares could be controlled. Based on this policy, the local government shows inconsistency towards the indigenous Moronene Hukaea Laea after placing its position as a mediator between the Minister of Forestry, conservation area managers, and the Hukaea Laea Indigenous Community.

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