scholarly journals Impact of Exports on the Exporter’s Domestic Market

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Konstantin G. Borodin
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Export Dynamics ◽  
Supply Shock ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Impact

This paper developed a theoretical model of partial equilibrium of the export-oriented market for a short-term period, as well as outlined the main approaches to modeling equilibrium in a long-term period. Thus, the competition between the producers of the selected exporting country and its global competitor in the external import-dependent market is considered. In the partial equilibrium model, for the first time, the domestic and foreign sales markets are presented together. The analysis of the theoretical model made it possible to obtain the following results for the short-term period: in a state close to equilibrium, external supplies of the exporting country are positively related to their own production volumes and negatively – ​with the production volumes of the global exporter; the price of the domestic market of the exporting country is negatively related to the volume of its own production and the volume of production of the global exporter. The paper analyzes three scenarios that allow checking the adequacy of the partial equilibrium model for different conditions of its application. The first scenario considers a negative supply shock associated with a drop in production in a global exporter. The second analyzes the impact of the pandemic on the global exporter and exporting country. The third scenario is devoted to assessing the impact of a demand shock on a designated exporting country. The scenarios confirmed the adequacy of the model. The approach to modeling an export-oriented market for a long-term period is based on the assumption that the exporter's price will converge with the price of the domestic market over time and, ultimately, will differ from it only by the amount of additional costs associated with the export of a unit of production. It was established that, while maintaining exogenous conditions for positive long-term export dynamics, the price of the domestic market of the exporting country will decrease in case of an increase in the incremental values of exports and production volumes of the global exporter. The consequences of the positive dynamics of exports for the domestic demand of the exporting country are considered. The established relationships between exports and sales in the exporter's domestic market were empirically confirmed by the example of the Russian sunflower oil market.

scholarly journals Modelling the Impact of Energy Subsidies Reform in the Republic of Moldova

Economica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihail Roscovan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Energy Subsidies ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the methodology and results of modelling for the analysis on energy affordability and assessing the impact of a possible value added tax increase on the affordability of households to consume adequate levels of natural gas, electricity and heat. The analysis of the reform impact of the subsidy schemes is based on a partial equilibrium model which measures the impact of reforms on energy affordability of different householder groups and budgetary revenue and expenditure, but also on greenhouse gas emissions. Using of targeted social policies generates a budget surplus that can be allocated to energy

Equilibrium State Aid in Integrating Markets

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Martin ◽  
Paola Valbonesi
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Equilibrium Market ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We present a model of the impact of state aid on equilibrium market structure and on market performance in an integrating market when the process of integration is driven by consumer inertia. In a partial equilibrium model, it is an equilibrium for governments to grant state aid, even though this reduces common market welfare.

scholarly journals Extreme Events, Entrepreneurial Start-Ups, and Innovation: Theoretical Conjectures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Gries ◽  
Wim Naudé
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Online Retail ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Supply Shock ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Start Ups ◽  
The Impact

AbstractIn light of the COVID-19 pandemic, we scrutinize what has been established in the literature on whether entrepreneurship can cause and resolve extreme events, the immediate and long-run impacts of extreme events on entrepreneurship, and whether extreme events can positively impact (some) entrepreneurship and innovation. Based on this, we utilize a partial equilibrium model to provide several conjectures on the impact of COVID-19 on entrepreneurship, and to derive policy recommendations for recovery. We illustrate that while entrepreneurship recovery will benefit from measures such as direct subsidies for start-ups, firms’ revenue losses, and loan liabilities, it will also benefit from aggregate demand-side support and income redistribution measures, as well as from measures that facilitate the innovation-response to the Keynesian supply-shock caused by the pandemic, such as access to online retail and well-functioning global transportation and logistics.

scholarly journals Sustainability of the Adjustment Schemes in China’s Grain Price Support Policy—An Empirical Analysis Based on the Partial Equilibrium Model of Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingdong Li ◽  
Weidong Liu ◽  
Zhouying Song
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Grain Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Price Spread

The minimum purchase price policy for wheat and rice implemented by the Chinese government has achieved the fundamental goals of stabilizing grain prices, promoting production, and ensuring food security. This policy has also had negative impacts such as domestic and foreign price spreads and continuous increases in stocks and imports, which are not conducive to China’s grain security development and thus unsustainable. Therefore, this paper builds a partial equilibrium model of China’s grain market by simulating the effects of canceling or reducing the minimum purchase price on the market price, production, consumption, stock, and net import of wheat and then evaluates the sustainability of various adjustment programs. The research results show that first, lowering the minimum purchase price of wheat can reduce the domestic and foreign price spread, stock, and imports to a certain extent; however, it cannot fundamentally solve the negative impact of this policy. Second, cancellation of the minimum wheat purchase price policy can significantly reduce domestic and foreign price spread, stock, and imports; however, it will also significantly reduce wheat production and threaten China’s grain security. Third, cancellation of the minimum wheat purchase price and the increase in agricultural production subsidies can solve the negative impact of the minimum purchase price policy and reduce the impact of the cancellation of the minimum purchase price policy on grain supply security. This policy adjustment is more sustainable than China’s current policy. Finally, this paper asserts that China’s grain price policy reform will influence and have implications for stakeholders in the global grain industry.

Developments in India’s Bilateral Trade with ASEAN: A Study in Manufactured Sectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayengbam Lalit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Trade Creation ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Model Approach

The present paper deals with the impact of the recently signed ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on manufactured goods. Partial equilibrium model approach (SMART model) has been employed to find out trade creation and diversion values of those goods in respective markets (India as well as ASEAN). In this paper, a new index has been constructed to embody score of India and two ASEAN groups using values of trade creation and diversion.

The Term Structure of Bond Liquidity

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 2161-2197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Gehde-Trapp ◽  
Philipp Schuster ◽  
Marliese Uhrig-Homburg
Keyword(s):  
Term Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Trading Volume ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
Empirical Tests ◽  
Trading Volumes ◽  
Liquidity Premia ◽  
The Impact

We analyze the impact of market frictions on the trading volume and liquidity premia of finite-maturity assets when investors differ in their trading needs. Our equilibrium model generates a clientele effect (frequently trading investors hold only short-term assets) and predicts i) a hump-shaped relation between trading volume and maturity, ii) lower trading volumes of older compared with younger assets, iii) an increasing liquidity term structure from ask prices, iv) a decreasing or U-shaped liquidity term structure from bid prices, and v) spillovers of liquidity from short-term to long-term maturities. Empirical tests for U.S. corporate bonds support our theoretical predictions.

Effects of Cooking Oil Subsidy Removals on Related Markets in Malaysia: A Comparative Static, Multicommodity, Multi Stage Production Approach

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Othman ◽  
Yaghoob Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Comparative Statics ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Supply Factor ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Factor Markets ◽  
Input Markets ◽  
Production Approach

Malaysia is contemplating removal of most of her subsidy support measures including subsidies on cooking oil which is largely palm oil based. This paper aims to examine the effects of cooking oil subsidy removals on the competitiveness of the oil palm subsector and related markets. This is done by developing and applying a comparative static, multi-commodity, partial equilibrium model with multi-stages of production function for the Malaysian perennial crops subsector which explicitly links different stages of production, primary and intermediate input markets, trade, and policy linkages. Results partly suggest that export of cooking oil will increase by 0.2 per cent due to a 10 per cent cooking oil subsidy reduction, while domestic output of cooking oil may eventually see a net decline of 1.97 per cent. The results clearly point out that the effect of reducing cooking oil subsidies is relatively small at the upstream levels and therefore it only induces minute effects on factor markets. Consequently, the market for other agricultural crops is projected to change very marginally.   Keywords: Multicomodity, comparative statics, partial equilibrium model, output supply-factor markets linkages, effects of cooking oil subsidy removals.

SUMBER-SUMBER RESILIENSI PADA REMAJA AKHIR YANG MENGALAMI KEKERASAN DARI ORANGTUA PADA MASA KANAK-KANAK

Psibernetika ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Devina Calista ◽  
Garvin Garvin
Keyword(s):  
Late Adolescents ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Parental Affection ◽  
Resilience Factors ◽  
Childhood Violence ◽  
Past Experiences ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Depth Interviews

<p><em>Child abuse by parents is common in households. The impact of violence on children will bring short-term effects and long-term effects that can be attributed to their various emotional, behavioral and social problems in the future; especially in late adolescence that will enter adulthood. Resilience factors increase the likelihood that adolescents who are victims of childhood violence recover from their past experiences</em><em>,</em><em> become more powerful individuals and have a better life. The purpose of this study was to determine the source of resilience in late adolescents who experienced violence from parents in their childhood. This research uses qualitative research methods with in-depth interviews as a method of data collection. The result shows that the three research participants have the aspects of "I Have", "I Am", and "I Can"; a participant has "I Can" aspects as a source of resilience, and one other subject has no source of resilience. The study concluded that parental affection and acceptance of the past experience have role to the three sources of resilience (I Have, I Am, and I Can)</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Keyword : </em></strong><em>Resilience, adolescence, violence, parents</em></p>

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