scholarly journals Modelling the Impact of Energy Subsidies Reform in the Republic of Moldova

Economica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihail Roscovan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Energy Subsidies ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

This article presents the methodology and results of modelling for the analysis on energy affordability and assessing the impact of a possible value added tax increase on the affordability of households to consume adequate levels of natural gas, electricity and heat. The analysis of the reform impact of the subsidy schemes is based on a partial equilibrium model which measures the impact of reforms on energy affordability of different householder groups and budgetary revenue and expenditure, but also on greenhouse gas emissions. Using of targeted social policies generates a budget surplus that can be allocated to energy

scholarly journals Simulation of main agrarian policy indicators within beef meat market in The Republic of Croatia by AGMEMOD partial equilibrium model

Poljoprivreda ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
David Kranjac ◽  
Emil Erjavec ◽  
Nikola Raguž ◽  
Sanja Jelić Milković ◽  
Ivan Štefanić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Member State ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Beef Meat ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Meat Market

Srednjoročna simulacija razvoja glavnih agrarno-političkih pokazatelja tržišta goveđega mesa u Hrvatskoj do 2030. godine izrađena je putem modela parcijalne ravnoteže AGMEMOD (AGricultural MEmber State MODeling). Rezultati modela do kraja simuliranoga razdoblja, uz pretpostavku nastavka postojećih mjera i instrumenata Zajedničke poljoprivredne politike, potvrđuju razvoj negativnih trendova u sklopu tržišta goveđega mesa uočenih pregledom povijesnih podataka. Do kraja simuliranoga razdoblja očekuje se smanjenje ukupnoga broja goveda za 8,63% i proizvodnje goveđega mesa za 24,46%, dok domaća potrošnja raste za 25,91%. Negativni proizvodni pokazatelji uz rastuću domaću potrošnju mogli bi uzrokovati rast uvoza goveđega mesa za 82,68%, uz stupanj samodostatnosti od 49% do 2030. godine. Cijena goveđega mesa od ulaska Hrvatske u Europsku uniju je stabilna, te se stabilan razvoj, uz blagi trend smanjenja, očekuje do kraja simuliranoga razdoblja.

Equilibrium State Aid in Integrating Markets

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Martin ◽  
Paola Valbonesi
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Market Performance ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Equilibrium Market ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We present a model of the impact of state aid on equilibrium market structure and on market performance in an integrating market when the process of integration is driven by consumer inertia. In a partial equilibrium model, it is an equilibrium for governments to grant state aid, even though this reduces common market welfare.

scholarly journals Sustainability of the Adjustment Schemes in China’s Grain Price Support Policy—An Empirical Analysis Based on the Partial Equilibrium Model of Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingdong Li ◽  
Weidong Liu ◽  
Zhouying Song
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Price Policy ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Purchase Price ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Grain Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Price Spread

The minimum purchase price policy for wheat and rice implemented by the Chinese government has achieved the fundamental goals of stabilizing grain prices, promoting production, and ensuring food security. This policy has also had negative impacts such as domestic and foreign price spreads and continuous increases in stocks and imports, which are not conducive to China’s grain security development and thus unsustainable. Therefore, this paper builds a partial equilibrium model of China’s grain market by simulating the effects of canceling or reducing the minimum purchase price on the market price, production, consumption, stock, and net import of wheat and then evaluates the sustainability of various adjustment programs. The research results show that first, lowering the minimum purchase price of wheat can reduce the domestic and foreign price spread, stock, and imports to a certain extent; however, it cannot fundamentally solve the negative impact of this policy. Second, cancellation of the minimum wheat purchase price policy can significantly reduce domestic and foreign price spread, stock, and imports; however, it will also significantly reduce wheat production and threaten China’s grain security. Third, cancellation of the minimum wheat purchase price and the increase in agricultural production subsidies can solve the negative impact of the minimum purchase price policy and reduce the impact of the cancellation of the minimum purchase price policy on grain supply security. This policy adjustment is more sustainable than China’s current policy. Finally, this paper asserts that China’s grain price policy reform will influence and have implications for stakeholders in the global grain industry.

scholarly journals Economical evaluation of externalities using partial equilibrium model

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-136
Author(s):  
A.S. Strokov ◽  
◽  
D.S. Ternovsky ◽  
V.Yu. Potashnikov ◽  
A.A. Potapova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Production Increase ◽  
Forestry Products

Our research investigation shows the possible pathways of natural resource economy with respect of externalities. We analyzed the development of agricultural and forestry products’ export from Russia to China, and the externalities were evaluated as greenhouse gas emissions. We developed five scenarios of Russian economic development until 2030 and 2050 on terms of domestic improvements in soy, rapeseed and corn production, wood production, increase of exports to China. After applying the partial equilibrium model we introduced a correct measure of possible profit by a monetary value of emitted greenhouse gas. In contrast to previous research instead of carbon tax we suggest a measure of social cost of carbon. Our estimates show that it could be effective at 68 USD per 1 metric ton of CO2 equivalent. This method was supposed to evaluate correctly the economic loss from extensive development of forestry and agriculture, taking into account monetary evaluation of externalities. Our results showed that extracting natural resources should be balanced by appropriate ecological programs. This could include but should not be limited to conservation of some part of the territory, which will help to decrease overall GHG emissions, and improve the balance of emissions with respective carbon sequestr on abandoned (conserved) land, which here will be an additional indicator of reducing negative externalities.

Developments in India’s Bilateral Trade with ASEAN: A Study in Manufactured Sectors

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayengbam Lalit Singh
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Trade Creation ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Model Approach

The present paper deals with the impact of the recently signed ASEAN-India Free Trade Agreement (FTA) on manufactured goods. Partial equilibrium model approach (SMART model) has been employed to find out trade creation and diversion values of those goods in respective markets (India as well as ASEAN). In this paper, a new index has been constructed to embody score of India and two ASEAN groups using values of trade creation and diversion.

scholarly journals Impact of Exports on the Exporter’s Domestic Market

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Konstantin G. Borodin
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Export Dynamics ◽  
Supply Shock ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
The Impact

This paper developed a theoretical model of partial equilibrium of the export-oriented market for a short-term period, as well as outlined the main approaches to modeling equilibrium in a long-term period. Thus, the competition between the producers of the selected exporting country and its global competitor in the external import-dependent market is considered. In the partial equilibrium model, for the first time, the domestic and foreign sales markets are presented together. The analysis of the theoretical model made it possible to obtain the following results for the short-term period: in a state close to equilibrium, external supplies of the exporting country are positively related to their own production volumes and negatively – ​with the production volumes of the global exporter; the price of the domestic market of the exporting country is negatively related to the volume of its own production and the volume of production of the global exporter. The paper analyzes three scenarios that allow checking the adequacy of the partial equilibrium model for different conditions of its application. The first scenario considers a negative supply shock associated with a drop in production in a global exporter. The second analyzes the impact of the pandemic on the global exporter and exporting country. The third scenario is devoted to assessing the impact of a demand shock on a designated exporting country. The scenarios confirmed the adequacy of the model. The approach to modeling an export-oriented market for a long-term period is based on the assumption that the exporter's price will converge with the price of the domestic market over time and, ultimately, will differ from it only by the amount of additional costs associated with the export of a unit of production. It was established that, while maintaining exogenous conditions for positive long-term export dynamics, the price of the domestic market of the exporting country will decrease in case of an increase in the incremental values of exports and production volumes of the global exporter. The consequences of the positive dynamics of exports for the domestic demand of the exporting country are considered. The established relationships between exports and sales in the exporter's domestic market were empirically confirmed by the example of the Russian sunflower oil market.

Effects of Cooking Oil Subsidy Removals on Related Markets in Malaysia: A Comparative Static, Multicommodity, Multi Stage Production Approach

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Othman ◽  
Yaghoob Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Comparative Statics ◽  
Partial Equilibrium ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Supply Factor ◽  
Partial Equilibrium Model ◽  
Factor Markets ◽  
Input Markets ◽  
Production Approach

Malaysia is contemplating removal of most of her subsidy support measures including subsidies on cooking oil which is largely palm oil based. This paper aims to examine the effects of cooking oil subsidy removals on the competitiveness of the oil palm subsector and related markets. This is done by developing and applying a comparative static, multi-commodity, partial equilibrium model with multi-stages of production function for the Malaysian perennial crops subsector which explicitly links different stages of production, primary and intermediate input markets, trade, and policy linkages. Results partly suggest that export of cooking oil will increase by 0.2 per cent due to a 10 per cent cooking oil subsidy reduction, while domestic output of cooking oil may eventually see a net decline of 1.97 per cent. The results clearly point out that the effect of reducing cooking oil subsidies is relatively small at the upstream levels and therefore it only induces minute effects on factor markets. Consequently, the market for other agricultural crops is projected to change very marginally.   Keywords: Multicomodity, comparative statics, partial equilibrium model, output supply-factor markets linkages, effects of cooking oil subsidy removals.

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