The Infection of COVID-19 among Health Care Workers in Dharmais Cancer Hospital

Infectious diseases are one of the biggest threats to humans. Currently, the world is in the outbreak condition causes of the COVID-19 virus which is started from Wuhan, China in December 2019. This disease was spread out rapidly throughout the World and was announced as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020(1). The infected number of SARS-CoV-2 was over 84 million people and caused over 1 million death cases in the worldwide. Indonesia had more than 800.000 infectious cases and 23.000 of death cases with the highest cases in Jakarta (2). This virus can be transmitted by two ways, such as direct contact (cough, sneeze, and droplet inhalation) and contact transmission (contact with oral, nasal, and eye mucous membranes) of person with COVID-19 (3). The current COVID-19 pandemic makes various challenges in prevention and control of infections in hospitals. Health care workers (HCWs) have been providing care to suspected, probable or confirmed COVID-19 patients that make them in high-risk condition. Several study indicated that many HCWs have been infected with SARS-CoV-2 in many hospitals worldwide (4)(5)(6).

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A super-spreader of SARS-CoV-2 in incubation period among health-care workers

Respiratory Research ◽

10.1186/s12931-020-01592-w ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chaojie Wei ◽

Yufeng Yuan ◽

Zhenshun Cheng

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

World Health Organization ◽

Incubation Period ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

World Health ◽

Doctor Who ◽

Care Workers ◽

Potential Sources ◽

Health Organization

AbstractSince the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019, it has been characterized as a pandemic by World Health Organization (WHO). It was reported that asymptomatic persons are potential sources of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We present an outbreak among health-care workers incited by a doctor who cared a patient with COVID-19 in a Hospital in Wuhan, Hubei, China, which indicates existence of super-spreader even during incubation period.

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The Good COPD Guidelines

Canadian Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1155/2004/348131 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 15-16

Author(s):

Dennis Bowie

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

World Health ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

The Third ◽

Care Workers ◽

Prevalent Disease ◽

Health Organization

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is becoming an increasing problem for health care workers. The World Health Organization predicts that in the year 2020, this disease will be the fifth most prevalent disease worldwide, up from 12th place, and it will be the third most common cause of death, up from sixth place in 1997 (1). Hospitalization and mortality rates for COPD continue to rise in Canada (2). Therefore, the burden of COPD on Canadians, the health care system and physicians is obvious.

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Modeling Predictive Age-Dependent and Age-Independent Symptoms and Comorbidities of Patients Seeking Treatment for COVID-19: Model Development and Validation Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25696 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yingxiang Huang ◽

Dina Radenkovic ◽

Kevin Perez ◽

Kari Nadeau ◽

Eric Verdin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Predictive Models ◽

Model Development ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

World Health ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Age Related ◽

Care Workers ◽

The World

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage and burden hospitals around the world. The epidemic started in Wuhan, China, and was subsequently recognized by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency and declared a pandemic in March 2020. Since then, the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have had an unparalleled effect on all aspects of life. OBJECTIVE With increasing total hospitalization and intensive care unit admissions, a better understanding of features related to patients with COVID-19 could help health care workers stratify patients based on the risk of developing a more severe case of COVID-19. Using predictive models, we strive to select the features that are most associated with more severe cases of COVID-19. METHODS Over 3 million participants reported their potential symptoms of COVID-19, along with their comorbidities and demographic information, on a smartphone-based app. Using data from the >10,000 individuals who indicated that they had tested positive for COVID-19 in the United Kingdom, we leveraged the Elastic Net regularized binary classifier to derive the predictors that are most correlated with users having a severe enough case of COVID-19 to seek treatment in a hospital setting. We then analyzed such features in relation to age and other demographics and their longitudinal trend. RESULTS The most predictive features found include fever, use of immunosuppressant medication, use of a mobility aid, shortness of breath, and severe fatigue. Such features are age-related, and some are disproportionally high in minority populations. CONCLUSIONS Predictors selected from the predictive models can be used to stratify patients into groups based on how much medical attention they are expected to require. This could help health care workers devote valuable resources to prevent the escalation of the disease in vulnerable populations.

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Use of medical face masks versus particulate respirators as a component of personal protective equipment for health care workers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control ◽

10.1186/s13756-020-00779-6 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

John Conly ◽

◽

W. H. Seto ◽

Didier Pittet ◽

Alison Holmes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Personal Protective Equipment ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Routine Care ◽

World Health ◽

Protective Equipment ◽

Contact Mode ◽

Care Workers ◽

Health Organization

Abstract Currently available evidence supports that the predominant route of human-to-human transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 is through respiratory droplets and/or contact routes. The report by the World Health Organization (WHO) Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China supports person-to-person droplet and fomite transmission during close unprotected contact with the vast majority of the investigated infection clusters occurring within families, with a household secondary attack rate varying between 3 and 10%, a finding that is not consistent with airborne transmission. The reproduction number (R0) for the SARS-CoV-2 is estimated to be between 2.2–2.7, compatible with other respiratory viruses associated with a droplet/contact mode of transmission and very different than an airborne virus like measles with a R0 widely cited to be between 12 and 18. Based on the scientific evidence accumulated to date, our view is that SARS-CoV-2 is not spread by the airborne route to any significant extent and the use of particulate respirators offers no advantage over medical masks as a component of personal protective equipment for the routine care of patients with COVID-19 in the health care setting. Moreover, prolonged use of particulate respirators may result in unintended harms. In conjunction with appropriate hand hygiene, personal protective equipment (PPE) used by health care workers caring for patients with COVID-19 must be used with attention to detail and precision of execution to prevent lapses in adherence and active failures in the donning and doffing of the PPE.

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Can the Use of Bedside Lung Ultrasound Reduce Transmission Rates in The Case of The COVID-19 Patient? - A Narrative Review

POCUS Journal ◽

10.24908/pocus.v5i1.14227 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 26-28

Author(s):

Sheena Bhimji-Hewitt MAppSc; DMS, CRGS, RDMS

Keyword(s):

Health Care Workers ◽

Lung Ultrasound ◽

Virus Disease ◽

Viral Disease ◽

World Health ◽

Rapid Review ◽

Limited Information ◽

Care Workers ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization

Novel Corona Virus Disease-19 (nCov-19, COVID-19) was recognised as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. As of June 14, 2020, this contagious viral disease has afflicted 188 out of 195 countries in the world with 7,893,700 confirmed cases and 432,922 global deaths. Canada has 98,787 people infected and 8,146 deaths. COVID-19 is thought to transmit through contact, droplets and aerosolization. A rapid review showed limited information on the benefits of conducting lung ultrasound (LUS) versus chest radiograph (CXR) or studies correlating lung ultrasound to chest computed Tomography (CT) in patients positive for Covid-19. The literature review confirmed that CT and LUS cannot diagnose this disease, but that both can help in the management and staging of this disease. There is no literature to prove that LUS at the bedside may be beneficial from the view of decreased transmission to other health care workers and bystanders due to reduced transit but comparing the transit pathway and contact leads one to propose that this would be so. Pregnant patients with COVID-19, young children and patients in the reproductive stage would also benefit from LUS since there is no radiation dose and the critical patient in distress will benefit from testing at the bedside.

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Impact of COVID- 19 and Social Distancing on Mental Health

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3694 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 1469-1472

Author(s):

Kajal Gandhi ◽

Kumar Gaurav Chhabra ◽

Revati More ◽

Ankita Rathi ◽

Gargi Nimbulkar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Self Control ◽

World Health ◽

Stress Symptoms ◽

Care Workers ◽

The World ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Health Organization ◽

And Training

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 started in Wuhan Province, China and which spread to half a dozen countries between 2019 and 2020 and was declared a pandemic. This resulted in the implementation of a lockdown in different parts of the world, explaining it was an effective and essential way to break the cycle of infection. Physical distancing is the most important measure to break this infection cycle which affected many people's lives in different aspects. Mental health is considered to be one of the important components of the overall health as the definition given by the World Health Organization. It says that the person should be well-adjusted with the environment and should not be easily upset. He should know his needs, problems and goals properly; moreover, if he faces problems, he tries to solve them intelligently for which he tries to cope up with stress and anxiety. Along with all these things, he has good self-control balances between rationality and emotionality. It has likewise set off a wide variety of mental issues, for example, anxiety, panic disorder and depression. Most of the studies have reported negative impacts, including anger, stress symptoms and confusion. Education and training on pandemic should be provided by the authorities and health care workers.

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Update on the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Outbreak: A Global Pandemic Challenge

10.20944/preprints202004.0082.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Abhishek Kumar Soni

Keyword(s):

World Health ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Global Challenge ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

Therapeutic Algorithms ◽

The World ◽

Novel Coronavirus ◽

Health Organization ◽

And Control ◽

Death Cases

The 2019 novel coronavirus (previously 2019-nCoV) or coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has been summarized as on March 29, 2020. COVID-19 is a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SERS-CoV-2). The disease was first seen during an outbreak in Wuhan, China and continuous spreading from human to human around the sphere. The disease is uncontrolled and increasing the death toll through. The world is facing a global challenge to protect human lives caused by coronavirus outbreak. The number of infected patients is increasing day by day due to COVID-19 as a pandemic. The world health organization (WHO) has declared global public health emergency on January 30, 2020. The disease has been spread around 201 countries with total confirmed cases 634835 and death cases 29891 as on March 29, 2020. The goal of this review to summaries and update the clinical/medical features and suggestions for diagnosis of the COVID-19 as a pandemic. The discussion of the various therapeutic algorithms, risk, prevention and control based on the latest reports has been provided.

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Knowledge and Perception of Health Care Workers Regarding COVID-19 in Different Parts of Gujarat State

Healthline ◽

10.51957/healthline_185.1_2020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 54-57

Author(s):

Disha Patel ◽

Bela Patel ◽

Naresh Makwana ◽

Dipesh Parmar

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

World Health ◽

Gujarat State ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Delayed Treatment ◽

Care Workers ◽

Health Organization ◽

Spread Of Infection ◽

Basic Course

Introduction: The World Health Organization declared the 2019–20 coronavirus outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January 2020 and a pandemic on 11 March 2020. A poor understanding of the disease among healthcare workers may implicate in delayed treatment and the rapid spread of infection. Objective: To know the perception and knowledge of the health care workers in different districts of Gujarat state about the COVID 19. Method: A cross sectional web based survey was conducted among the 104 health care workers working in different districts of Gujarat during the month of April 2020. WhatsApp and Telegram based questionnaire was sent to each participant and their response was recorded. Data was entered in Microsoft Excel 2016 and was analysed by applying various statistical test using SPSS version 25. Results: Out of 104 participants, 46.15% and 53.85% were male and female respectively. Mean age of participants was 26.40 years. Majority participants were from Saurashtra-Kutch(36.54%) followed by central Gujarat(28.85%) and north Gujarat(23.08%). Out of 63 who had received training of basic course in COVID-19, only 27 were able to give correct answer about criteria for discharge of patient. Conclusion: HCWs in our study are having good knowledge regarding COVID 19. They are aware of the measures needed to be taken to reduce the spread of the disease. HCWs were using authentic sources for information; this ultimately affects knowledge and is reflected in attitude and practice.

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Modeling Predictive Age-Dependent and Age-Independent Symptoms and Comorbidities of Patients Seeking Treatment for COVID-19: Model Development and Validation Study

Journal of Medical Internet Research ◽

10.2196/25696 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. e25696

Author(s):

Yingxiang Huang ◽

Dina Radenkovic ◽

Kevin Perez ◽

Kari Nadeau ◽

Eric Verdin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Predictive Models ◽

Model Development ◽

Hospital Setting ◽

World Health ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Age Related ◽

Care Workers ◽

The World

Background The COVID-19 pandemic continues to ravage and burden hospitals around the world. The epidemic started in Wuhan, China, and was subsequently recognized by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency and declared a pandemic in March 2020. Since then, the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have had an unparalleled effect on all aspects of life. Objective With increasing total hospitalization and intensive care unit admissions, a better understanding of features related to patients with COVID-19 could help health care workers stratify patients based on the risk of developing a more severe case of COVID-19. Using predictive models, we strive to select the features that are most associated with more severe cases of COVID-19. Methods Over 3 million participants reported their potential symptoms of COVID-19, along with their comorbidities and demographic information, on a smartphone-based app. Using data from the >10,000 individuals who indicated that they had tested positive for COVID-19 in the United Kingdom, we leveraged the Elastic Net regularized binary classifier to derive the predictors that are most correlated with users having a severe enough case of COVID-19 to seek treatment in a hospital setting. We then analyzed such features in relation to age and other demographics and their longitudinal trend. Results The most predictive features found include fever, use of immunosuppressant medication, use of a mobility aid, shortness of breath, and severe fatigue. Such features are age-related, and some are disproportionally high in minority populations. Conclusions Predictors selected from the predictive models can be used to stratify patients into groups based on how much medical attention they are expected to require. This could help health care workers devote valuable resources to prevent the escalation of the disease in vulnerable populations.

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A Comprehensive App That Improves Tuberculosis Treatment Management Through Video-Observed Therapy: Usability Study

JMIR mhealth and uhealth ◽

10.2196/17658 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. e17658

Author(s):

Xujun Guo ◽

Yarui Yang ◽

Howard E Takiff ◽

Minmin Zhu ◽

Jianping Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Patient Adherence ◽

Control Program ◽

Treatment Method ◽

World Health ◽

Directly Observed Therapy ◽

Care Workers ◽

Health Organization ◽

Care Worker

Background Treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) requires at least six months and is compromised by poor adherence. In the directly observed therapy (DOT) scheme recommended by the World Health Organization, the patient is directly observed taking their medications at a health post. An alternative to DOT is video-observed therapy (VOT), in which the patients take videos of themselves taking the medication and the video is uploaded into the app and reviewed by a health care worker. We developed a comprehensive TB management system by using VOT that is installed as an app on the smartphones of both patients and health care workers. It was implemented into the routine TB control program of the Nanshan District of Shenzhen, China. Objective The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of VOT with that of DOT in managing the treatment of patients with pulmonary TB and to evaluate the acceptance of VOT for TB management by patients and health care workers. Methods Patients beginning treatment between September 2017 and August 2018 were enrolled into the VOT group and their data were compared with the retrospective data of patients who began TB treatment and were managed with routine DOT between January 2016 and August 2017. Sociodemographic characteristics, clinical features, treatment adherence, positive findings of sputum smears, reporting of side effects, time and costs of transportation, and satisfaction were compared between the 2 treatment groups. The attitudes of the health care workers toward the VOT-based system were also analyzed. Results This study included 158 patients in the retrospective DOT group and 235 patients in the VOT group. The VOT group showed a significantly higher fraction of doses observed (P<.001), less missed observed doses (P<.001), and fewer treatment discontinuations (P<.05) than the DOT group. Over 79.1% (186/235) of the VOT patients had >85% of their doses observed, while only 16.4% (26/158) of the DOT patients had >85% of their doses observed. All patients were cured without recurrences. The VOT management required significantly (P<.001) less median patient time (300 minutes vs 1240 minutes, respectively) and transportation costs (¥53 [US $7.57] vs ¥276 [US $39.43], respectively; P<.001) than DOT. Significantly more patients (191/235, 81.3%) in the VOT group preferred their treatment method compared to those on DOT (37/131, 28.2%) (P<.001), and 92% (61/66) of the health care workers thought that the VOT method was more convenient than DOT for managing patients with TB. Conclusions Implementation of the VOT-based system into the routine program of TB management was simple and it significantly increased patient adherence to their drug regimens. Our study shows that a comprehensive VOT-based TB management represents a viable and improved evolution of DOT.

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