Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad O AL fattani ◽  
Asmaa M Al Refaie ◽  
Shuruq Hassan Alsulami ◽  
Najia Al Hojaili
Keyword(s):  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Suicidal Attempts

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a rear disease in pediatric age group which constitute a unique manifestation associated with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and tic disorder in children. However, this diagnosis has carried a lot of controversies, related mainly to its management. Here we are presenting one case of PANDAS syndrome who was treated successfully with full coarse of antibiotic for 10 days, where all his symptoms disappeared completely in subsequent days including suicidal attempts. PANDAS should be considered in children with neuropsychiatric disorders (tics, obsessive behavior etc.) especially if symptoms associated within a period of infection such as febrile illness or sore throats.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Approach to Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated With Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): A Narrative Review of Literature Data

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Prato ◽  
Mariangela Gulisano ◽  
Miriam Scerbo ◽  
Rita Barone ◽  
Carmelo M. Vicario ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Clinical Conditions

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) are clinical conditions characterized by the sudden onset of obsessive–compulsive disorder and/or tics, often accompanied by other behavioral symptoms in a group of children with streptococcal infection. PANDAS-related disorders, including pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS), childhood acute neuropsychiatric symptoms (CANS), and pediatric infection triggered autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders (PITANDs), have also been described. Since first defined in 1998, PANDAS has been considered a controversial diagnosis. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed on PubMed and Scopus databases, searching for diagnostic criteria and diagnostic procedures of PANDAS and related disorders. We propose a test panel to support clinicians in the workout of PANDAS/PANS patients establishing an appropriate treatment. However, further studies are needed to improve our knowledge on these acute-onset neuropsychiatric conditions.

scholarly journals An Underlooked Cause of Periodic Fever (PFAPA) in an Adult Patient with No Response to Tonsillectomy

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiaz Alam ◽  
Mohammed Hammoudeh
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Fever ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Cervical Adenitis ◽  
Aphthous Ulceration ◽  
Febrile Episodes

Periodic fever with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and adenitis (PFAPA) is an autoinflammatory disease manifested as recurrent febrile episodes associated with one of the following cardinal features: aphthous ulceration, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis. It was initially described in children and thought to be a disease of pediatric age group. Few adult cases were also reported in the literature. We describe the case of a 39-year-old female affected by PFAPA who presented with a history of febrile episodes associated with aphthous ulceration, stomatitis, and tonsillitis for 4 years. The febrile episodes occurred at a regular interval of 4 weeks and resolved within 5 days. The patient underwent tonsillectomy without any significant improvement. The patient responded only to a single high dose of steroid during the attack. Although PFAPA was initially thought to be a disease of pediatric age group, it should be considered in patients with recurrent febrile illness in all age groups.

scholarly journals Plasmapheresis, Rituximab, and Ceftriaxone Provided Lasting Improvement for a 27-Year-Old Adult Male with Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Adam Krouse ◽  
Huihua Li ◽  
Joseph A. Krenzer ◽  
William Nicholas Rose
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Autoimmune Response ◽  
Urine Drug Screen ◽  
Streptococcal Infections ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Old Adult

Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) is a specific autoimmune response to group-A streptococcal (GAS) infections in children and adolescents with a sudden onset of neuropsychiatric disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) or tic-like symptoms. We present a case report of a 27-year-old male patient who had lasting improvement with plasmapheresis, rituximab, and ceftriaxone. Our patient first developed sudden psychosis and confusion after GAS infections at age 17. He had elevated anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titers, negative urine drug screen, no ETOH in blood, normal CBC, normal TSH, normal salicylate, normal acetaminophen, and a normal head CT. The tentative diagnosis of PANDAS was made, and the patient was thereafter treated with antipsychotics, antibiotics, tonsillectomy, and IVIG which resulted in remissions and relapses of his neuropsychiatric symptoms. Once he reached age 27, he received a trial of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE), rituximab, and ceftriaxone. This eventually resulted in sustained benefit and minimal fluctuations of his clinical symptoms. Our report is noteworthy in three ways.One, he is a 27-year-old adult with PANDAS.Two, he improved after TPE, rituximab, and ceftriaxone. Our literature search yielded minimal data on the use of plasmapheresis for nonteenage adults with PANDAS. Three, he had unusual symptoms of PANDAS, as the typical OCD and/or tic-like symptoms were not observed.

scholarly journals Suicidal ideation and suicidal attempts in patients with obsessive-compulsive tic-related disorder vs obsessive-compulsive disorder: results of a multicenter Italian study

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Benatti ◽  
Silvia Ferrari ◽  
Benedetta Grancini ◽  
Nicolaja Girone ◽  
Matteo Briguglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Tic Disorder ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions

Abstract Background. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and tic disorder (TD) represent highly disabling, chronic and often comorbid psychiatric conditions. While recent studies showed a high risk of suicide for patients with OCD, little is known about those patients with comorbid TD (OCTD). Aim of this study was to characterize suicidal behaviors among patients with OCD and OCTD. Methods. Three hundred and thirteen outpatients with OCD (n = 157) and OCTD (n = 156) were recruited from nine different psychiatric Italian departments and assessed using an ad-hoc developed questionnaire investigating, among other domains, suicide attempt (SA) and ideation (SI). The sample was divided into four subgroups: OCD with SA (OCD-SA), OCD without SA (OCD-noSA), OCTD with SA (OCTD-SA), and OCTD without SA (OCTD-noSA). Results. No differences between groups were found in terms of SI, while SA rates were significantly higher in patients with OCTD compared to patients with OCD. OCTD-SA group showed a significant male prevalence and higher unemployment rates compared to OCD-SA and OCD-noSA sample. Both OCTD-groups showed an earlier age of psychiatric comorbidity onset (other than TD) compared to the OCD-SA sample. Moreover, patients with OCTD-SA showed higher rates of other psychiatric comorbidities and positive psychiatric family history compared to the OCD-SA group and to the OCD-noSA groups. OCTD-SA and OCD-SA samples showed higher rates of antipsychotics therapies and treatment resistance compared to OCD-noSA groups. Conclusions. Patients with OCTD vs with OCD showed a significantly higher rate of SA with no differences in SI. In particular, OCTD-SA group showed different unfavorable epidemiological and clinical features which need to be confirmed in future prospective studies.

Atypical Osteoid Osteoma of sacral region in pediatric age group: a case report

2017 ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
Shashi Sharma ◽  
Sakshi Dewan ◽  
Naveen Bhardwaj ◽  
Mir Aziz ◽  
Shilpa Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Osteoid Osteoma ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Sacral Region ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Group A

scholarly journals Congenital Lumbar Hernia in an 8-Month-Old Boy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 431-435
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mansy ◽  
Mostafa Kotb ◽  
Mohamed Abouheba
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Lumbar Hernia ◽  
The Body ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Operative Repair ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Organ Systems

Congenital lumbar hernias are uncommonly seen in the pediatric age group, with only about 60 cases reported in the literature. It is usually accompanied by a multitude of congenital anomalies involving different organ systems of the body. For instance, it may involve the ribs, spine, muscles, and the kidneys. Herein, we report a case of congenital lumbar hernia in an 8-month-old boy who underwent an operative repair using a mesh with an uneventful outcome.

scholarly journals The enlarging head and neck mass in infants and pediatric age group

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 100199
Author(s):  
Archwin Tanphaichitr ◽  
Songphon Nuchawong ◽  
Dev Kamdar ◽  
Morris C. Edelman ◽  
Dhave Setabutr
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Mass ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Pediatric Age Group
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