Age estimation by analysis of dental mineralization and its forensic contribution

Age is an important factor in the formation of the uniqueness of individuals. The procedure for assessing age in situations that cannot determine chronological age, especially in court cases, is mandatory. The literature presents different methods to estimate the age of individuals because civil and criminal majority at 18 years is a milestone in Brazil and other countries. Thus, age estimation through the analysis of dental mineralization stages is important, as it is rarely affected by exogenous or endogenous factors. This study evaluates different methods used to estimate age through dental mineralization and its forensic contribution. The following databases were used: PubMed, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, using the descriptors "age estimation", "dental age estimation", and "forensic dentistry", both isolated and combined. It was verified the reliability of the analysis of dental mineralization stages for age estimation. Some of the methods used for this purpose have not been tested in Brazilian individuals. There are no up-to-date data on mineralization stages of permanent teeth for this population. Thus, current and specific data from the Brazilian population are required because the results to be obtained from new studies could benefit society, assisting the clarification of Justice in real-life situations.

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Comparison of radiological dental age estimation by means of the method by Cameriere and the modified European formula

Nowa Stomatologia ◽

10.25121/ns.2018.23.2.66 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Katarzyna Różyło ◽

Katarzyna Gruszka ◽

Ingrid Różyło-Kalinowska

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Original Method ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

Digital Radiographs ◽

Conservative Dentistry ◽

The Mean ◽

Radiological Methods

Introduction. Dental age apart from skeletal age is an important factor in the estimation of biological age of patients. Its evaluation is crucial in making decisions concerning diagnostic algorithms and treatment options in such fields of medicine as paedodontics, conservative dentistry, orthodontics, paediatrics or endocrinology as well as for forensic purposes. There are various methods of radiological dental age estimation and their validity is related to the studied population. Aim. The aim of the paper is to estimate dental age by means of two radiological methods based on panoramic radiographs, i.e. the original method by Cameriere and the modified European formula. Material and methods. The material consisted of 2148 digital radiographs taken in patients of both genders, aged from 5 to 15 years, with visible germs of all permanent teeth, apart from third molars. Two methods by Cameriere were applied – the original one and the European formula. Statistical analysis was performed. Results. Dental age obtained by means of the two Cameriere’s methods was significantly different from chronological age (Wilcoxon’s test, p < 0.001). However, in the case of the original method the mean dental age was lower than the chronological one, while the European formula led to the overestimation of dental age. Conclusions. The European formula is more suitable for the evaluation of the Polish population than the original method by Cameriere.

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Prakiraan Usia Gigi Menggunakan Standar Blenkin (Modifikasi Metode Demirjian) pada Anak-Anak Etnik Jawa di Kabupaten Jember

STOMATOGNATIC - Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi ◽

10.19184/stoma.v17i2.25221 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Dwi Kartika Apriyono

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Accurate Estimate ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Chronological Age ◽

Age Difference ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

Panoramic Radiographs ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Age Range

Chronological and dental age are necessary aspects of dental age estimation. Both have a close relationship. Chronological age reflects the age of the tooth, and vice versa. Dental age estimation aims to provide the data in the field of dentistry with an accurate dental age range. In order to get the value of an accurate estimate of dental age, needed a method of estimation that has a standard deviation as low as possible and validated in a specific population groups of an individual. Demirjian method is a method frequently used in the dental age estimation. It uses the classification stages of the seven permanent teeth of mandibular left side using panoramic radiographs. Application of its method in some countries showed vary results so it needed adjustment. Blenkin standard is an adjustment of its method that changes the score of maturity stages 0-H to 1-8 and calculate the dental age by regression formula. The study aimed to assess the dental age estimation using Blenkin standard on children of Javanese ethnic in Jember region. This was an analytic descriptive study design. The samples were panoramic radiographs. The subjects were 70 samples consisting of 29 boys and 41 girls with an age range 6-12 years, and they were divided into 7 groups based on chronological age. Each tooth of the sample was calculated using Blenkin standard. The Blenkin standard showed non-significant difference with the age difference in the amount of approximately -0.22 years for boys and -0.03 years for girls (underestimation).

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Permanent teeth development in a Spanish sample. Application to dental age estimation

Forensic Science International ◽

10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.08.024 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 214 (1-3) ◽

pp. 213.e1-213.e6 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Gonzalo Feijóo ◽

Elena Barbería ◽

Joaquín De Nova ◽

Jose Luis Prieto

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

Sample Application ◽

Teeth Development

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Machine learning assisted Cameriere method for dental age estimation

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-01996-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shihui Shen ◽

Zihao Liu ◽

Jian Wang ◽

Linfeng Fan ◽

Fang Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Mean Square Error ◽

Age Estimation ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Permanent Teeth ◽

Coefficient Of Determination ◽

Support Vector ◽

Mean Square ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation

Abstract Background Recently, the dental age estimation method developed by Cameriere has been widely recognized and accepted. Although machine learning (ML) methods can improve the accuracy of dental age estimation, no machine learning research exists on the use of the Cameriere dental age estimation method, making this research innovative and meaningful. Aim The purpose of this research is to use 7 lower left permanent teeth and three models [random forest (RF), support vector machine (SVM), and linear regression (LR)] based on the Cameriere method to predict children's dental age, and compare with the Cameriere age estimation. Subjects and methods This was a retrospective study that collected and analyzed orthopantomograms of 748 children (356 females and 392 males) aged 5–13 years. Data were randomly divided into training and test datasets in an 80–20% proportion for the ML algorithms. The procedure, starting with randomly creating new training and test datasets, was repeated 20 times. 7 permanent developing teeth on the left mandible (except wisdom teeth) were recorded using the Cameriere method. Then, the traditional Cameriere formula and three models (RF, SVM, and LR) were used to estimate the dental age. The age prediction accuracy was measured by five indicators: the coefficient of determination (R2), mean error (ME), root mean square error (RMSE), mean square error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE). Results The research showed that the ML models have better accuracy than the traditional Cameriere formula. The ME, MAE, MSE, and RMSE values of the SVM model (0.004, 0.489, 0.392, and 0.625, respectively) and the RF model (− 0.004, 0.495, 0.389, and 0.623, respectively) were lower with the highest accuracy. In contrast, the ME, MAE, MSE and RMSE of the European Cameriere formula were 0.592, 0.846, 0.755, and 0.869, respectively, and those of the Chinese Cameriere formula were 0.748, 0.812, 0.890 and 0.943, respectively. Conclusions Compared to the Cameriere formula, ML methods based on the Cameriere’s maturation stages were more accurate in estimating dental age. These results support the use of ML algorithms instead of the traditional Cameriere formula.

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Evidence-based mapping of third molar techniques for age estimation applied to Brazilian adolescents – a systematic review

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i10.9395 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. e9339109395

Author(s):

Ademir Franco ◽

Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal ◽

Murilo Navarro de Oliveira ◽

Claudio Tarso de Jesus Santos Nascimento ◽

Rhonan Ferreira da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Age Estimation ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Third Molar ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Dental Age ◽

Dental Age Estimation ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Cross Sectional

This study was performed to review the international techniques for third molar dental age estimation applied to Brazilian adolescents. A systematic literature review was structured according to PRISMA. Six primary electronic databases were searched (PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, Embase and Web of Science) and two sources of grey literature (Open Grey and Open Thesis) were screened. Only cross-sectional studies were included. The risk of bias was assessed with Joanna Briggs Institute tool for systematic reviews. The initial search found 2284 studies. Ten studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The samples varied between 288 and 2097 individuals. The sampled age interval ranged from 5 to 23 years. Seven techniques were found within the eligible studies. All the studies had low risk of bias. Three techniques: Demirjian (DEM), Nicodemo (NIC) and Cameriere (I3M) were included in the quantitative analysis. For each of the developmental stages of the techniques DEM and NIC, as well as for each measuring ratio of I3M, combined age values between studies were reported. In general, the international techniques for dental age estimation based on the radiographic assessment of the third molars were applicable to the Brazilian population.

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