Transarterial embolization (TAE) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): the diagnostic value oflipiodol CT for detection of small nodular HCC

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most diagnosed malignancies and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality globally. This is exacerbated by its highly aggressive phenotype, and limitation in early diagnosis and effective therapies. The SUMO-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1) is a component of a heterodimeric small ubiquitin-related modifier that plays a vital role in SUMOylation, a post-translational modification involving in cellular events such as regulation of transcription, cell cycle and apoptosis. Reported overexpression of SAE1 in glioma in a stage-dependent manner suggests it has a probable role in cancer initiation and progression. In this study, hypothesizing that SAE1 is implicated in HCC metastatic phenotype and poor prognosis, we analyzed the expression of SAE1 in several cancer databases and to unravel the underlying molecular mechanism of SAE1-associated hepatocarcinogenesis. Here, we demonstrated that SAE1 is over-expressed in HCC samples compared to normal liver tissue, and this observed SAE1 overexpression is stage and grade-dependent and associated with poor survival. The receiver operating characteristic analysis of SAE1 in TCGA−LIHC patients (n = 421) showed an AUC of 0.925, indicating an excellent diagnostic value of SAE1 in HCC. Our protein-protein interaction analysis for SAE1 showed that SAE1 interacted with and activated oncogenes such as PLK1, CCNB1, CDK4 and CDK1, while simultaneously inhibiting tumor suppressors including PDK4, KLF9, FOXO1 and ALDH2. Immunohistochemical staining and clinicopathological correlate analysis of SAE1 in our TMU-SHH HCC cohort (n = 54) further validated the overexpression of SAE1 in cancerous liver tissues compared with ‘normal’ paracancerous tissue, and high SAE1 expression was strongly correlated with metastasis and disease progression. The oncogenic effect of upregulated SAE1 is associated with dysregulated cancer metabolic signaling. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that SAE1 is a targetable cancer metabolic biomarker with high potential diagnostic and prognostic implications for patients with HCC.

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Diagnostic Value of Serum Ferritin in Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Digestion ◽

10.1159/000199114 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 236-241 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

E. Giannoulis ◽

C. Arvanitakis ◽

A. Nikopoulos ◽

I. Doutsos ◽

A. Tourkantonis

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Serum Ferritin ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma

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Evaluation of alpha-l-fucosidase for the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma based on meta-analysis

LaboratoriumsMedizin ◽

10.1515/labmed-2019-0152 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lei Xi ◽

Chunqing Yang

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Operating Characteristic ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Area Under The Curve ◽

Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves ◽

Sensitivity Specificity ◽

Review Manager

AbstractObjectivesThe main aim of the present study was to assess the diagnostic value of alpha-l-fucosidase (AFU) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsStudies that explored the diagnostic value of AFU in HCC were searched in EMBASE, SCI, and PUBMED. The sensitivity, specificity, and DOR about the accuracy of serum AFU in the diagnosis of HCC were pooled. The methodological quality of each article was evaluated with QUADAS-2 (quality assessment for studies of diagnostic accuracy 2). Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was conducted by using Review Manager 5 and Open Meta-analyst.ResultsEighteen studies were selected in this study. The pooled estimates for AFU vs. α-fetoprotein (AFP) in the diagnosis of HCC in 18 studies were as follows: sensitivity of 0.7352 (0.6827, 0.7818) vs. 0.7501 (0.6725, 0.8144), and specificity of 0.7681 (0.6946, 0.8283) vs. 0.8208 (0.7586, 0.8697), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of 7.974(5.302, 11.993) vs. 13.401 (8.359, 21.483), area under the curve (AUC) of 0.7968 vs. 0.8451, respectively.ConclusionsAFU is comparable to AFP for the diagnosis of HCC.

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α-Fetoprotein mRNA in situ hybridisation is a highly specific marker of hepatocellular carcinoma: a multi-centre study

British Journal of Cancer ◽

10.1038/s41416-021-01363-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shi-Xun Lu ◽

Yu-Hua Huang ◽

Li-Li Liu ◽

Chris Zhiyi Zhang ◽

Xia Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

In Situ Hybridisation ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Detection Sensitivity ◽

Specific Marker ◽

Specific Method ◽

Multi Centre Study ◽

Arginase 1 ◽

Afp Mrna

Abstract Background Pathologic diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be challenging in differentiating from benign and non-hepatocytic malignancy lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential utility of α-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA RNAscope, a sensitive and specific method, in the diagnosis of HCC. Methods Three independent retrospective cohorts containing 2216 patients with HCC, benign liver lesions, and non-hepatocytic tumours were examined. AFP was detected using ELISA, IHC (Immunohistochemistry), and RNAscope. Glypican3 (GPC3), hepatocyte paraffin-1 (HepPar-1), and arginase-1 (Arg-1) proteins were detected using IHC. Results AFP RNAscope improved the HCC detection sensitivity by 24.7–32.7% compared with IHC. In two surgical cohorts, a panel of AFP RNAscope and GPC3 provided the best diagnostic value in differentiating HCC from benign hepatocytic lesions (AUC = 0.905 and 0.811), and a panel including AFP RNAscope, GPC3, HepPar-1, and Arg-1 yielded the best AUC (0.971 and 0.977) when distinguishing HCC from non-hepatocytic malignancies. The results from the liver biopsy cohort were similar, and additional application of AFP RNAscope improved the sensitivity by 18% when distinguishing HCC from benign hepatocytic lesions. Conclusions AFP mRNA detected by RNAscope is highly specific for hepatocytic malignancy and may serve as a novel diagnostic biomarker for HCC.

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Can Serum Glypican-3 Be a Biomarker for Effective Diagnosis of Hepatocellular Carcinoma? A Meta-Analysis of the Literature

Disease Markers ◽

10.1155/2014/127831 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sheng-Li Yang ◽

Xiefan Fang ◽

Zao-Zao Huang ◽

Xiang-Jie Liu ◽

Zhi-Fan Xiong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Liver Cirrhosis ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Subgroup Analyses ◽

Effective Diagnosis ◽

Diagnostic Index

Objective. This review is to evaluate the diagnostic value of serum GPC3 for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to conflicting results reported.Methods. NCBI PubMed and Embase were comprehensively searched for studies that have used serum GPC3 level as a diagnostic index for HCC. The quality of the included studies was assessed. Subgroup analyses were conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of GPC3 as a HCC marker. Statistical analysis was performed with the software STATA version 12.0.Results. A total of 22 studies were included. The qualities of included studies were relatively poor. Among them, 18 studies have shown that serum GPC3 is a specific biomarker for HCC, and the pooled sensitivity and specificity of these studies were 69 and 93%, respectively. The other 4 studies have reported conflicting results, which were not caused by races, infection status of HBV and HCV, or assay reagents but due to one common experimental design of enrolling liver cirrhosis patients as control subjects.Conclusions. This meta-analysis indicates that serum GPC3 is elevated in HCC patients compared with healthy individuals, but more studies are needed to evaluate its effectiveness to differentially diagnose HCC and liver cirrhosis.

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The diagnostic value of arginase-1 immunostaining in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from metastatic carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma as compared to HepPar-1

Diagnostic Pathology ◽

10.1186/1746-1596-7-149 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Nehal A Radwan ◽

Naglaa S Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Metastatic Carcinoma ◽

Arginase 1

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Diagnostic value of alpha-fetoprotein combined with neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for hepatocellular carcinoma

BMC Gastroenterology ◽

10.1186/s12876-018-0908-6 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Jian Hu ◽

Nianyue Wang ◽

Yongfeng Yang ◽

Li Ma ◽

Ruilin Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Alpha Fetoprotein ◽

Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽

Lymphocyte Ratio

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Post-treatment CT LI-RADS categories: predictors of overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma post bland transarterial embolization

Abdominal Radiology ◽

10.1007/s00261-020-02775-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

William E. L. Ormiston ◽

Hooman Yarmohammadi ◽

Stephanie Lobaugh ◽

Juliana Schilsky ◽

Seth S. Katz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Transarterial Embolization ◽

Post Treatment

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Extracellular Glycosaminoglycans in Management of Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma Rather than Alpha Fetoprotein

Journal of Disease Markers ◽

10.26420/jdismarkers.2016.1036 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Abdel-Hamid NM ◽

◽

Abdel-Fattah SM ◽

Nazmy MH ◽

Mahmoud AS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Extracellular Matrix ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Diagnostic Tools ◽

Total Sialic Acid ◽

Design And Methods

Objectives: Extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential player at various stages of carcinogenesis. Current study aims to evaluate diagnostic value of components of ECM, released to the serum, i.e. total glycosaminoglycans (TGAGs), total sialic acid (TSA) and free glucosamine (FGA) in primary HCC patients solely or confounded by other conditions (i.e. diabetes mellitus (DM), hepatitis C virus (HCV) or bilharziasis (B). Design and Methods: Our study was conducted upon 40 HCC patients: 32 (80%) males, 8 (20%) females, among these samples, patients with ascites, single/or multiple HCC lesions, as shown in demographic Table. Results: Liver and renal indices were significantly disturbed in HCC patients. Significant elevations of AFP, TGAGS and FGA, non-significant increases in TSA in HCC patients compared to normal control. These parameters except AFP showed significant persistent higher levels during cancer progression. AFP showed irrelevant changes to the stages of HCC lesion. HCC patients with HCV, DM or B showed significantly higher levels of AFP than with HCC solely. Both TGAGs and FGA showed the highest diagnostic accuracy over AFP, but TSA showed the lowest value. Conclusion: TGAGs and FGA may be regarded as cost-effective and more accurate diagnostic tools during primary HCC progression, whether solely, or commixed by other diseases.

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