Fiber type composition of unoperated rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscles after unilateral isotransplantation of a foreign muscle in long-term experiments

We examined the effects of the unilateral heterochronous isotransplantation on the fiber type composition and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform content of unoperated slow soleus and fast extensor digitorum longus muscles of female inbred Lewis strain rats. Comparison was made between “control” unoperated muscles of experimental rats (after intramuscular transplantation surgery) with the corresponding muscles of completely naive (unoperated) rats of three age groups (5-, 8- and 14-month-old). This was done in order to ascertain whether these muscles can be used as reliable controls to the transplanted and host muscles for our ongoing grafting experiments. The fiber type composition was determined by assessing the histochemical reaction for myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase, the MyHC isoform content was determined immunocytochemically using monoclonal antibodies specific to different MyHC isoforms and by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Our experiments show that the heterochronous intramuscular isotransplantation procedure had no significant effect on the fiber type composition and MyHC isoform content of the “control” unoperated muscles of the experimental rats when compared to the corresponding muscles of the naive animals. Furthermore, the duration and type of isotransplantation did not also lead to differences among corresponding “control” muscles of experimental animals. We conclude that the unoperated muscles of the experimental rats can be used as controls in our current transplantation project dealing with long-term grafting experiments.

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Differential effect of chronic undernutrition on the fiber type composition of fascicles in the extensor digitorum longus muscles of the rat

Acta Histochemica ◽

10.1016/j.acthis.2017.03.005 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 119 (4) ◽

pp. 364-371 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Enrique Vázquez-Mendoza ◽

Erika Elizabeth Rodríguez-Torres ◽

Kenia López-García ◽

Cindy Xilonen Hinojosa-Rodríguez ◽

Ismael Jiménez-Estrada

Keyword(s):

Differential Effect ◽

Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Extensor Digitorum ◽

Fiber Type Composition ◽

Type Composition ◽

Chronic Undernutrition

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Changes in Myosin Expression in Denervated Laryngeal Muscle

Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology ◽

10.1177/000348949710601212 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 106 (12) ◽

pp. 1076-1081 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

John M. Delgaudio ◽

James J. Sciote

Keyword(s):

Fiber Type ◽

Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽

Sodium Dodecyl ◽

Type I ◽

Type Ii ◽

Laryngeal Muscle ◽

Fiber Type Composition ◽

Neural Input ◽

Type Composition ◽

Posterior Cricoarytenoid

The effects of chronic denervation on the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) content and muscle fiber type composition of rat laryngeal muscles are described. The posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) and thyroarytenoid (TA) muscles were removed 3 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after recurrent laryngeal nerve sectioning. Myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase staining of cryostat sections was performed, and fiber type percentages were determined. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to separate MyHC isoforms, and densitometry was subsequently used for quantitative analysis. Unoperated animals served as controls. In the PCA muscle, denervation resulted in a progressive reduction in type I MyHC (the slow-contracting isoform) to an almost complete loss at 6 months, with a concomitant increase in type II MyHCs (fast-contracting isoforms, excluding type IIL). Type IIL MyHC (laryngeal-specific isoform) remained relatively constant up to 6 months after denervation. The myosin expression in the TA muscle, which contained only type II MyHCs, remained relatively constant with denervation. Changes in fiber type composition of the muscles described from tissue staining correlated with MyHC content. These findings in laryngeal muscle confirm the dependence of type I MyHC expression upon neural input, as has been found previously in limb skeletal muscles. Since the expression of all MyHCs except the IIL was modified after denervation in the PCA muscle, it is possible that the IIL isoform is maintained by factors that differ from those in the other skeletal myosins.

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Intermittent cold exposure causes a muscle-specific shift in the fiber type composition in rats

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1993.75.1.264 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 75 (1) ◽

pp. 264-267 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

T. J. Walters ◽

S. H. Constable

Keyword(s):

Soleus Muscle ◽

Cold Exposure ◽

Citrate Synthase ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Type I ◽

Fiber Type Composition ◽

Type Composition ◽

Edl Muscle ◽

Type I Fibers

We examined the effect of long-term intermittent cold exposure on the fiber type composition of the predominantly type I soleus and the predominantly type IIb extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of rats. Cold exposure was accomplished by submerging the rats in shoulder-deep water, maintained at 20 +/- 0.5 degrees C, for 1 h/day, 5 days/wk, for < or = 19 wk. The efficacy of the treatment was tested by subjecting both groups to 20 degrees C water for 45 min while rectal temperature (Tre) and O2 consumption (VO2) were measured. The cold-exposed group displayed a 22% smaller reduction in Tre (P < 0.05) at the end of the exposure and 23% greater VO2 (P < 0.05) during the same period. Fiber type composition was determined using routine histochemical methods for myosin-adenosinetriphosphatase. In the soleus muscle of the cold-exposed rats, the number of type IIa fibers increased 156% (P < 0.05) and the number of type I fibers decreased 24% (P < 0.05). Cold exposure had no significant influence on the fiber type composition of the EDL muscle. Cold exposure resulted in an increase in citrate synthase activity of 20 and 22% in the soleus and EDL muscles, respectively (P < 0.05). The present study demonstrates that intermittent cold exposure induces a type I-to-type IIa transformation in the soleus muscle while having no influence on the EDL muscle.

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Resistance Training Leads to Altered Muscle Fiber Type Composition and Enhanced Long-term Cycling Performance in Elite Competitive Cyclists

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/01.mss.0000274775.86832.3b ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 39 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S448-S449 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Per Aagaard ◽

Morten Bennekou ◽

Benny Larsson ◽

Jesper L. Andersen ◽

Jens Olesen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Training ◽

Muscle Fiber ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Cycling Performance ◽

Muscle Fiber Type ◽

Fiber Type Composition ◽

Type Composition ◽

Competitive Cyclists ◽

Muscle Fiber Type Composition

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Ischemia-induced alterations in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in rat soleus and EDL muscles

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.1996.271.6.c1942 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 271 (6) ◽

pp. C1942-C1948 ◽

Cited By ~ 76

Author(s):

H. J. Green ◽

N. H. McKee ◽

A. J. Carvalho ◽

J. C. Dossett-Mercer

Keyword(s):

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽

Atpase Activity ◽

Time Course ◽

Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Time Dependent ◽

Fiber Type Composition ◽

Type Composition ◽

Edl Muscle ◽

Muscle Fiber Type Composition

To investigate the time-dependent effects of ischemia, as modified by muscle fiber type composition, on sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function, Ca(2+)-ATPase activity (total minus basal) was measured in homogenates prepared from samples obtained from rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle of ischemic and contralateral controls. Ischemia was induced by occlusion of blood flow to one hindlimb for periods of 1, 2, and 3 h (n = 10 per group). In EDL, maximal Ca(2+)-ATPase activity (expressed in mumol.g wet wt-1.min-1) was higher (P < 0.05) in ischemic than in control at 1 h (80 +/- 10 vs. 56.5 +/- 5.3) and increased progressively with ischemia at both 2 h (88 +/- 4.6 vs. 53.1 +/- 2.8) and 3 h (116 +/- 3.8 vs. 67.8 +/- 3.2). In contrast, in soleus, increases (P < 0.05) in Ca(2+)-ATPase activity with ischemia were observed at 2 h (19.2 +/- 0.86 vs. 14.0 +/- 0.56) and 3 h (19.9 +/- 1.4 vs. 12.4 +/- 0.62) but not at 1 h (10.7 +/- 1.5 vs. 10.0 +/- 0.83). In both EDL and soleus, basal Mg(2+)-ATPase was unchanged with ischemia. On the basis of these findings, it can be concluded that ischemia results in an increase in the maximal SR Ca(2+)-ATPase activity but that the time course of the change is dependent on the fiber type composition of the muscle.

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Fiber number and type composition in extensor digitorum longus, soleus, and diaphragm muscles with aging in Fisher 344 rats.

Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry ◽

10.1177/33.10.2931475 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 33 (10) ◽

pp. 1033-1041 ◽

Cited By ~ 100

Author(s):

T J Eddinger ◽

R L Moss ◽

R G Cassens

Keyword(s):

Extensor Digitorum Longus ◽

Age Groups ◽

Extensor Digitorum ◽

Type I ◽

Type Composition ◽

Preferential Loss ◽

Fiber Number ◽

Aging Phenomena ◽

Type I Fibers ◽

Age Range

Histochemical (M-ATPase) fiber typing was done on extensor digitorum longus, (EDL), soleus (SOL), and diaphragm (DIA) muscles of barrier-reared Fisher 344 rats obtained at four different ages (3, 9, 28, and 30 months) from the colonies of the National Institute of Aging. In the EDL there are no differences in the percent of type I fibers among the four age groups. The percent of type IIa and IIb fibers also showed no difference between the 3 and 30 month age groups. There was no apparent trend for an increase or decrease in the percent of type IIa or IIb fibers between the four age groups. In both the SOL and DIA muscles the percent of type I fibers was greater in the aged than in the young groups. The percent of type IIa fibers was lower in the 30 month group than in the younger groups for both muscles. The percent of type IIb (DIA) and IIc (SOL) fibers did not change between groups. Total fiber number per cross section of muscle showed no change in the EDL over this age range or in the SOL after 9 months of age. These findings bring into question published results that imply that decreasing fiber number and preferential loss of type II (a and b) fibers are typical aging phenomena.

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Changes in Muscle Fiber Size and Fiber Type Composition of the Masseter Muscle Induced by Long-term Feeding of a Fine-grained Diet to Rabbits.

Japanese Journal of Oral Biology ◽

10.2330/joralbiosci1965.44.7 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 7-18

Author(s):

Kanmon Ito ◽

Katunari Hiraba ◽

Takefumi Negoro ◽

Makoto Mizutani ◽

Takumi Morita ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Fiber ◽

Masseter Muscle ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Fine Grained ◽

Fiber Type Composition ◽

Type Composition ◽

Fiber Size

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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase-Activated Protein Kinases 2 and 3 Regulate SERCA2a Expression and Fiber Type Composition To Modulate Skeletal Muscle and Cardiomyocyte Function

Molecular and Cellular Biology ◽

10.1128/mcb.01692-12 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (13) ◽

pp. 2586-2602 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

M. Scharf ◽

S. Neef ◽

R. Freund ◽

C. Geers-Knorr ◽

M. Franz-Wachtel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Protein Kinase ◽

Protein Kinases ◽

Fiber Type ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽

Fiber Type Composition ◽

Type Composition ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein

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Biological Determinants of Track and Field Throwing Performance

Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology ◽

10.3390/jfmk6020040 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 40

Author(s):

Nikolaos Zaras ◽

Angeliki-Nikoletta Stasinaki ◽

Gerasimos Terzis

Keyword(s):

Fiber Type ◽

Small Body ◽

The Body ◽

Track And Field ◽

Neural Activation ◽

Biological Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Type Composition ◽

Biological Determinants

Track and field throwing performance is determined by a number of biomechanical and biological factors which are affected by long-term training. Although much of the research has focused on the role of biomechanical factors on track and field throwing performance, only a small body of scientific literature has focused on the connection of biological factors with competitive track and field throwing performance. The aim of this review was to accumulate and present the current literature connecting the performance in track and field throwing events with specific biological factors, including the anthropometric characteristics, the body composition, the neural activation, the fiber type composition and the muscle architecture characteristics. While there is little published information to develop statistical results, the results from the current review suggest that major biological determinants of track and field throwing performance are the size of lean body mass, the neural activation of the protagonist muscles during the throw and the percentage of type II muscle fiber cross-sectional area. Long-term training may enhance these biological factors and possibly lead to a higher track and field throwing performance. Consequently, coaches and athletes should aim at monitoring and enhancing these parameters in order to increase track and field throwing performance.

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