scholarly journals Species Composition of the Causes of Opportunistic Infections of the Urinary Tract and Ways of Overcoming Their Antibiotic Resistance

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
E. Agaeva ◽  
S. Ibadullaeva ◽  
E. Agaeva ◽  
V. Narimanov ◽  
S. Gurbanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumanii ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

The etiological structure of opportunistic infections of the urinary tract represented by bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family (with a predominance of Escherichia coli, Klepsiella pneumoniae), as well as non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (Acinetobacter baumanii, Pseudomonas) and staphylococci and enterococcus etc. were revealed in the result of the research. The antibiotic sensitivity of urinary tract infection pathogens to the most commonly used antibiotics were studied, also the antibiotic resistance of E. coli and K. pneumoniae to co-trimoxazole, fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, cephalosporins of the 1st and 2nd generation and resistance of A. baumanii and P. aeruginosa to fluoroquinolones, carbapenems, as well as VRE and MRSA were studied. The study and selection of new herbal medicines were carried out. The 10% solution of Geranium collinum Steph and Rosmarinus officinalis L. had the highest microbiological properties which can be used in the treatment of urinary tract infection.

scholarly journals Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of bacterial isolates from urine samples of admitted patients with urinary tract infection in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Tripura, India: a hospital record based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 585
Author(s):  
Uttam K. Das ◽  
Prithul Bhattacharjee ◽  
Shubhaleena Debnath ◽  
Maitrayee Chakraborty ◽  
Ranjib Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Hospital Record ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) being one of the most common and a serious health problem both in the community and hospital settings each year worldwide, the emergence of antibiotic resistance in the management of UTI is a serious public health issue. The present study will analyse the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of pathogens isolated from the urine samples of admitted patients suffering from UTI in Tripura Medical College and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Memorial Teaching Hospital (TMC).Methods: This was a hospital record-based study. The urine samples of clinically diagnosed UTI patients admitted in various departments of the hospital during the study period were included. The reports of culture and sensitivity testing of the samples were collected. The results were interpreted according to the guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI).Results: During the 12-month study period, a total of 752 urine samples were analysed. Enterococcus (43.75%) was the most frequently isolated bacteria, followed by E. coli (28.45%) and Klebsiella (14.89%). Enterococcus was highly sensitive (p<0.001) to vancomycin (95.33%), E. coli was mostly sensitive to nitrofurantoin (83.65%) and Klebsiella mainly sensitive to imipenem (75.49%).Conclusions: The study showed that positive urine culture with the antibiotic sensitivity of the isolates is very important for antimicrobial therapy, as antibiotic resistance is a worldwide problem which causes ineffectiveness of treatment.

scholarly journals Multiple-Antibiotic Resistance Mediated by Plasmids and Integrons in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae

1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taslima Taher Lina ◽  
Sabita Rezwana Rahman ◽  
Donald James Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
High Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Class 1

Antibiotic resistance in urinary tract infection (UTI) is a growing public health problem in the world. In this study, a total of 182 uropathogens were isolated from patients with symptoms of urinary tract infection (UTI). Escherichia coli (88%) was the most prevalent isolate, while Klebsiella pneumoniae was recovered from 12% cases. The male/female ratio was 1:3. About 56% female and 51% male patients belonged to the age group >40 years. The antibiotic resistance rates of the isolates to fifteen different drugs were investigated. E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed variable pattern of susceptibility. The percentage of resistance to different drugs was higher in E. coli isolates compared to that of K. pneumoniae. Among the total number of isolates about 87% were resistant to at least three commonly used antibiotics. All the isolates were sensitive to imipenem. Analysis of the plasmid DNA had shown that the plasmid pattern was very diverse in both E. coli and K. pneumoniae. All the isolates contained multiple numbers of plasmid ranging from 1.0 to >140 MDa. Middleranged plasmids (30 to 80 MDa), the transferable resistance plasmids, were found to be present in 86% E. coli and 85% K. pneumoniae isolates. The strong association observed between plasmid profiles and drug resistance patterns suggest that plasmids other than the common plasmids may have epidemiological significance. The presence of class 1 and class 2 integrons were also investigated. A relatively high occurrence of class 1 integrons, that are associated with lateral transfer of antibacterial resistance genes, was observed in K. pneumoniae (88%) than in E. coli isolates (54%). Class 2 integrons were not found in any of the E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates. These results show the high rate of drug resistance and the presence of high rate of transferable elements in these MDR isolates. Keywords: Uropathogens, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, Plasmid profiles, IntegronsDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v24i1.1231 Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 1, June 2007, pp 19-23

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolated From Patients With Urinary Tract Infection in Morocco

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Kettani Halabi ◽  
Fatima Azzahra Lahlou ◽  
Idrissa Diawara ◽  
Younes El Adouzi ◽  
Rabiaa Marnaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Pattern ◽  
Extended Spectrum

Extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) lend resistance to most β-lactam antibiotics. Because of limited treatment options, ESBL-EC infections are generally more difficult to treat, leading to higher hospital costs, reduced rates of microbiological and clinical responses, and a threat to the patient’s life. This study aimed to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern of ESBL-EC isolated from patients with urinary tract infection in Morocco. This retrospective laboratory-based study was conducted at Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital, Casablanca, from January 2016 to June 2019. A total of 670 urine samples were collected from urinary tract infection patients and processed by standard microbiological methods. In vitro susceptibility testing to different antibiotics of all identified isolates of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was performed following Kirby–Bauer’s disc diffusion method on Mueller–Hinton Agar according to the EUCAST standards. The reviewing of ESBL-EC was confirmed by the appearance of a characteristically shaped zone referred to as a “champagne cork” using the Combined Disk Test. Among a total of 438 E. coli isolated from nonrepetitive urine samples, two hundred fifty-nine (59%) were ESBL-EC, of which 200 (77%) were isolated from adult patients (over the age of 50) and the majority were female. All ESBL-EC isolates were resistant to third-generation cephalosporin and quinolones and sensitive to carbapenem and fosfomycin. Knowledge of antimicrobial resistance patterns in ESBL-EC, the major pathogen associated with urinary tract infection, is indispensable as a guide in choosing empirical antimicrobial treatment.

scholarly journals Pattern of Bacterial Pathogens Causing Urinary Tract Infection and Their Antibiotic Sensitivity: A Tertiary Care Hospital Experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-23
Author(s):  
Raziur Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Abdur Rahim ◽  
Samira Rahat Afroze ◽  
Palash Mitra ◽  
Tabassum Samad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Number Of Patients

Background and Aims: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common illness. The spectrum of bacteria causing UTI and their antibiotic sensitivity is not uniform. This study was designed to describe the bacteriological spectrum causing UTI and their antibiotic sensitivity.Methods: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Internal Medicine, BIRDEM General Hospital from January to June, 2013.Results: Total number of patients was 103 with females predominance (F:M ratio 2:1). Mean age was 57.5 years. Most (91.3%) of the study population were diabetic with poor glycaemic control (mean HbA1c 9.9%). Common symptoms were fever, dysuria, increased urinary frequency, suprapubic pain, vomiting and loin pain. Neutrophilic leukocytosis was common (94.2%). E. coli (79.6%) was the commonest aetiological agent followed by Klebsiella (9.7%), Citrobacter (3.9%), Acinetobacter (1.9%), Enterobacter (1.9%), Enterococcus (1.9%) and Pseudomonas (0.9%). Imipenem (100%), aminoglycosides e.g. amikacin and gentamycin and nitrofurantoin were among the most sensitive antibiotics.Conclusion: E. coli is the commonest organism causing UTI and imipenem, amikacin and nitrofurantoin are the most sensitive antibiotics.Birdem Med J 2015; 5(1): 20-23

scholarly journals Recent Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Escherichia Coli in Urinary Tract Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Bari ◽  
Mashiur Arefin ◽  
Moriom Nessa ◽  
Golam Mostofa ◽  
Tafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Marked Resistance ◽  
Culture Positive

The objective of the study is to assess the recent sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli in Urinary tract infection (UTI). Widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant microorganisms. As the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms are frequently changing, this retrospective analysis was designed to assess the recent antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in urinary tract infection among the human population. Details of 358 urine culture positive reports for E. coli and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern pertaining to the study period of 6 months from Jan 2017 to June 2017 were collected from Microbiology Laboratory of Diagnostic Centers at Rajshahi and the results were statistically analyzed. The antibiotics tested for sensitivity were amikacin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefixime. The sensitivity pattern of E.coli to antibiotics in UTI was amikacin (82.68 gentamycin (75.97%), nitrofurantoin (70.67), levofloxacin (44.13%), ceftazidime (42.17%), co-trimoxazole (40.78%), ceftriaxone (38.54%), ciprofloxacin (35.75%), and cefixime (24.02%). The study highlighted the marked resistance of E. coli to quinolones and third generation cephalosporins.TAJ 2017; 30(1): 61-65

scholarly journals Bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns in children with urinary tract infection admitted at tertiary hospital in Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Shah ◽  
Bhishma Pokhrel ◽  
Anish Kumar Shah ◽  
Puspa Bahadur Bista ◽  
Asmita Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Klebsiella Species ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli

Introductions: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common bacterial infection affecting children. A prompt recognition and accurate antimicrobial management are vital to prevent kidney damage. This study aims to determine the bacterial pathogens and their patterns of antimicrobial resistance in children presenting with UTI.Methods: This was a cross sectional study done at Patan Hospital, Patan Academy of Health Sciences, from Nov 2012 to Oct 2016. There were 88 children between age group of 1 to 14 years with culture proven UTI. The bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance were analysed.Results: Three most common organisms isolated were E. Coli 60 (68%), Klebsiella species 15 (17%) and Proteus 7 (8%). The resistance of E. Coli to ampicillin, ofloxacin, cefotaxime, gentamicin and amikacin were 51 (85%), 49 (82%), 45 (75%), 17 (28%) and 2 (3%) respectively. The resistance to ampicillin was Klebsiella species 13 (87%), Proteus 6 (86%) and Enterococcus 3 (60%).Conclusions: The E. Coli was leading bacterial pathogen causing UTI in children, with ampicillin resistance occurring in more than half of these cases. Amikacin and gentamicin had lower antibiotic resistance and can be used for treatment of UTI in children.Journal of Patan Academy of Health Sciences. 2016 Dec;3(2):32-35

scholarly journals Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern and Plasmid Profile Of Urinary Tract Infection Isolates among Children Below 10 Years Of Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-62
Author(s):  
Ram Wagle ◽  
Rajendra Timilsina ◽  
Rojesh Thapa ◽  
Nabaraj Adhikari ◽  
Upendra Thapa Shrestha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Plasmid Profile ◽  
Plasmid Copy ◽  
Lower Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is defined as colonization of pathogen anywhere along the urinary tract. UTI has been classified by site of infection as Upper urinary tract infection and lower urinary tract infection and by severity as Complicated and uncomplicated UTI. This community based cross sectional study was conducted to determine the Antibiotic sensitivity pattern and plasmid profile of most prevalent urinary tract infection isolates among children below 10 years of age, from December 2013 to February 2014. Among the total 800 sample collected from the community 390(48.8%) were female and 410(51.2%) were male. The prevalence rate was found to be 44(5.5%) of total cases and was statistically significant (p<0.05). Among significant growth, 15(1.9%) and 29(3.6%) were male and female respectively (p<0.05). Out of 44 total isolates frequency of Escherichia coli (E. coli) was 20 followed by Staphylococcus aureus(12), which accounted for 45.5% and 27.3% respectively. Remaining were Pseudomonas(11.4%), Klebsiella(11.4%), Proteus(2.3%)and Citrobacter sps.(2.3%). Tobramycin(100%) and Amikacin(97.73%) were found to be the most sensitive antibiotics followed by Chloramphenicol(93.18%), Imipenem(90.91%) and Ciprofloxacin(75%) respectively.Out of 20 E. coli isolates, no plasmid was seen in 7(35%) while 8(40%) showed single plasmid which was present in 8 isolates. Plasmid copy number of 2, 3 and 4 were displayed by 2(10%), 2(10%) and 1(5%) of the isolates respectively. A common (>21 kilobases) plasmid was the most common among isolates under study. This study revealed that E. coli was the most prevalent organism causing community acquired pediatric UTI. Antibiotics that are commonly used for the management of UTI and other cases are being more resistant i.e., Ampicillin. Plasmid analysis showed the presence of plasmids in resistant E. coli isolates that might harbor resistant genes. So that further analysis is required for the detection of responsible genes. Key words: Antibiotic sensitivity pattern, Plasmid profile, Urinary tract infection

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