scholarly journals Historical Forms of Tourism Gradual Transnationalization and the Perpetuum Mobile Behind it

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 01-12
Author(s):  
Denis Ushakov ◽  
Oksana V. Novosad ◽  
Romana Mikhel ◽  
Romana Mikhel ◽  
Oksana V. Borysova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Synergy Effects ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Limited Demand

Over the past 70 years, tourism has always been at the forefront of business transnationalization, as it has consistently used all the advantages of the transnational production and distribution system, thereby creating additional competitive advantages on a truly global scale. The purpose of this study is to analyze the evolution of the international travel market, as well as to identify a number of historical stages of its development, which the market has passed on the way to establishing strong international relations and interaction. In this article, transnationalization is defined as a modern form of organizing tourism and hotel business. It was proposed directly by entrepreneurs as one of the possible solutions to classic market problems (including limited demand and factors of production). These market problems intensified in the second half of the last century, and all of them directly influenced the development of tourism. The study analyzed the driving forces of transnationalization of the tourism and hospitality sectors, taking into account the economic effect of the synergy of transnationalization. Expansion of tourist activities of the sectoral transnational corporations along with their gradual transformation into influential subject of the world economy. All of the considered in the article synergy effects from tourist business transnationalization have nearly simultaneous impact on the process of tourist services’ production.

scholarly journals ROLE OF MARKETING LOGISTICS IN ORGANIZATION OF A COM- PETITIVE SALES SYSTEM OF THE ENTERPRISE

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-9
Author(s):  
L.Yu. Alexandrova
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Product Sales ◽  
And Storage

In modern conditions of tougher competition, sales are an important link in the development of communication between the enterprise and consumers. The article reveals the essence and elements of the product sales system. The relevance and tasks of its organization are indicated. The necessity of integration of marketing and logistics, the need for joint application of their methods and approaches in the process of organizing the sales system of an enterprise has been substantiated. The main attention is paid to the disclosure of the essence of marketing logistics as a tool for ensuring sustainable competitive positions of the distribution system, its functions, place and role in the formation of a competitive sales system of the enterprise are determined. It was revealed that its organization fits into the corporate strategy, and this allows making economically sound decisions regarding the modification or preservation of the existing existing distribution channel and the choice of the optimal distribution channel based on the principles of marketing logistics. The synergistic economic effect of marketing logistics in the field of organizing the sales system is manifested in the implementation of its functions: analytical and forecasting, transport and storage, information and communication, service and distribution and coordination. Increasing the role, using the strategic potential of marketing logistics is a condition for the implementation and development of the integral competitive potential of an enterprise and the competitive advantages of its sales system.

scholarly journals TECHNOLOGY PARKS OF INDONESIA, MALAYSIA, AND SINGAPORE: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (27) ◽  
Author(s):  
N., Baluch ◽  
C. S., Abdullah ◽  
R., Abidin
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Wealth Creation ◽  
Knowledge Community ◽  
Global Competitiveness ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Technology Parks ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

The emergence of global scale competition is leading towards the development of new mechanisms to help countries to become more competitive and technology parks are the vehicle of choice to achieve that. Technology Parks offer modern infrastructure and integrated info-structure to promote research and technology development and commercialization for wealth creation and sustainable economic growth and Global Competitiveness. This paper discusses the position of technology parks in East Asia; elaborates on their role in today’s nation development, analytically examines three selected technology parks in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore using GCI Index 2015 and concludes that Technology parks have contributed to gross domestic product (GDP) growth, infrastructure development, knowledge community expansion, capacity building, and export production and distribution. However, optimum benefits of Technology Parks accrue when they are established and managed professionally in line with the best practices and all transactions are equitable, just, and transparent; the whole process must culminate trust nationally and internationally.

scholarly journals Maintaining paediatric cardiac services during the COVID-19 pandemic in a developing country in sub-Saharan Africa: guidelines for a “scale up” in the face of a global “scale down”

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1588-1594
Author(s):  
Ogochukwu J. Sokunbi ◽  
Ogadinma Mgbajah ◽  
Augustine Olugbemi ◽  
Bassey O. Udom ◽  
Ariyo Idowu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scale Up ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Tertiary Centre ◽  
The Face ◽  
Scale Down ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
International Experts

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic is currently ravaging the globe and the African continent is not left out. While the direct effects of the pandemic in regard to morbidity and mortality appear to be more significant in the developed world, the indirect harmful effects on already insufficient healthcare infrastructure on the African continent would in the long term be more detrimental to the populace. Women and children form a significant vulnerable population in underserved areas such as the sub-Saharan region, and expectedly will experience the disadvantages of limited healthcare coverage which is a major fall out of the pandemic. Paediatric cardiac services that are already sparse in various sub-Saharan countries are not left out of this downsizing. Restrictions on international travel for patients out of the continent to seek medical care and for international experts into the continent for regular mission programmes leave few options for children with cardiac defects to get the much-needed care.There is a need for a region-adapted guideline to scale-up services to cater for more children with congenital heart disease (CHD) while providing a safe environment for healthcare workers, patients, and their caregivers. This article outlines measures adapted to maintain paediatric cardiac care in a sub-Saharan tertiary centre in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemic and will serve as a guide for other institutions in the region who will inadvertently need to provide these services as the demand increases.

Optimizing the production and distribution system of bioenergy villages

2014 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 62-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Uhlemair ◽  
Ingo Karschin ◽  
Jutta Geldermann
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Production And Distribution

scholarly journals Interdependence between Inventory Management and Employees’ Satisfaction

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-254
Author(s):  
Dubravko Tomašić ◽  
Dragan Peraković ◽  
Marinko Jurčević
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Inventory Optimization ◽  
Interaction Processes ◽  
Synergy Effects ◽  
Employees Satisfaction ◽  
New Knowledge

The study determines the correlation between the application of advanced models and methods of inventory optimisation in the supply chain in relation to the satisfaction of employees who are responsible for managing the inventory optimisation processes. The previous studies confirm that the optimisation of inventory management in the supply chain insures competitive advantages on the market. There is space for further research of impact of the achieved inventory optimisation in the supply chain on the change of the employees’ satisfaction. The paper establishes the interrelation of the interdependence of the achieved inventory optimisations on the satisfaction of the employees and the related synergy effects of acquiring added value of the companies on the market oriented to the satisfaction of the buyers and service users. The research has defined new knowledge in interdependence of inventory management optimisation on the change of indicators of employees’ satisfaction. Based on the performed research an assumption has been created for the design of an application package (so-called XaaS-based services) for the management of interaction processes of inventory optimization in the supply chain, satisfaction of service users and employees.

Monitoring the Microbial Populations and Temperatures of Fresh Broccoli from Harvest to Retail Display†

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1118-1125 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. DALLAIRE ◽  
D. I. LeBLANC ◽  
C. C. TRANCHANT ◽  
L. VASSEUR ◽  
P. DELAQUIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution System ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Fecal Coliforms ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Most Probable Number ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Experimental Variability ◽  
Retail Display

Microbial populations and the temperature of fresh broccoli were monitored at several steps of a supply chain by sampling 33 distinct lots of locally grown produce over two seasons during harvest, storage, wholesale handling, and retail display. Imported broccoli was also sampled, but only at retail display. Microbiological analyses were conducted on the florets of 201 local and 60 imported broccoli samples to determine populations of total aerobic bacteria (aerobic colony count), fecal coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Listeria monocytogenes. All the samples had mean aerobic colony counts ranging between 4 and 6 log CFU/g, but L. monocytogenes was not detected (limit of detection = 100 CFU/g). Fecal coliforms and E. coli (limit of detection = 20 most probable number per 100 g) were found in 22 of 126 samples of local broccoli collected at various steps of the production and distribution system during the first season. None was found in 75 samples collected in the second season. Fecal coliforms and E. coli were found in 2 of 60 imported broccoli samples. Broccoli temperatures were relatively well controlled throughout the production and distribution system. No clear change in produce microbial populations was evident between harvest and retail display, during both sampling seasons. However, a large experimental variability was found, possibly associated with the high variability of the initial levels of microbial populations on broccoli at harvest.

scholarly journals Sustainability in Data and Food

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean Allemang
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
World Population ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Data Ecosystem ◽  
Global Data

As the world population continues to increase, world food production is not keeping up. This means that to continue to feed the world, we will need to optimize the production and utilization of food around the globe. Optimization of a process on a global scale requires massive data. Agriculture is no exception, but also brings its own unique issues, based on how wide spread agricultural data are, and the wide variety of data that is relevant to optimization of food production and supply. This suggests that we need a global data ecosystem for agriculture and nutrition. Such an ecosystem already exists to some extent, made up of data sets, metadata sets and even search engines that help to locate and utilize data sets. A key concept behind this is sustainability—how do we sustain our data sets, so that we can sustain our production and distribution of food? In order to make this vision a reality, we need to navigate the challenges for sustainable data management on a global scale. Starting from the current state of practice, how do we move forward to a practice in which we make use of global data to have an impact on world hunger? In particular, how do we find, collect and manage the data? How can this be effectively deployed to improve practice in the field? And how can we make sure that these practices are leading to the global goals of improving production, distribution and sustainability of the global food supply? These questions cannot be answered yet, but they are the focus of ongoing and future research to be published in this journal and elsewhere.

Branding of Tourist Destinations

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 973
Author(s):  
Elena SHUTAIEVA ◽  
Viktoriya POBIRCHENKO ◽  
Anna KARLOVA ◽  
Elena POLYUKHOVICH
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Destination Branding ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Universal Values ◽  
Tourist Demand ◽  
Tourism And Hospitality ◽  
Destination Brand

The objective necessity of an integrated approach to destination branding as a process of creating and managing a brand is substantiated. It is shown that the need to develop a strong and successful brand that enhances the image of a tourist destination is associated with fundamental changes in the nature of consumer behavior, due to the fact that for a potential tourist, choosing a vacation destination today is not only an indicator of lifestyle but also a certain status value. A cognitive analysis of the definitions of the concept of ''tourist destination brand" allowed formulating the authors' definition. According to the authors, a tourist destination brand is a combination of unique qualities, persistent universal values, reflecting the authenticity, unique and original consumer characteristics of this territory and community, which are widely known, gaining public recognition and enjoying stable tourist demand, contributing to the formation of preferences of this territory over others in a situation of choice. As a research method, modeling was used. Theoretically, it became possible to clarify the essence of the concept of "tourist destination brand" and systematically comprehend the technology of tourist branding by building the authors' model of the brand of tourist destinations. The authors of the article present the brand as the most important way to implement the competitive advantages of the territory, an instrument of competitiveness, differentiation, and uniqueness. Brands of tourist destinations are designed to emphasize the high quality of services not only in tourism and hospitality, restaurant business, but also in the use of public spaces.

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