scholarly journals The Tyranny of Openness: What Happened to Peer Production?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Social Processes ◽  
Culture War ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
Peer Production ◽  
Feminist Analysis ◽  
Legal Documents ◽  
Ethics And Economics ◽  
Software Licensing ◽  
Blog Posts

This paper examines a “culture war” underway among software peer-production communities through relevant blog posts, legal documents, forum discussions, and other sources. Software licensing has been a defining strategy for peer producers, and much of the conflict at hand revolves around whether licensing should more fully incorporate ethics and economics, respectively. Feminist analysis can aid in tracing the contours of discontent through its emphasis on social processes that enable and infuse productive activity—processes that peer producers have trained themselves to ignore. The emerging critiques, and the experiments they have inspired, gesture toward fuller understandings of what “free” and “open” might mean.

Debating “Intrinsic Evil”

Horizons ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-165
Author(s):  
Michael P. Jaycox
Keyword(s):  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Culture War ◽  
The Affordable Care Act ◽  
Moral Discourses ◽  
Election Cycles

Recent US election cycles, debates about the Affordable Care Act, and a variety of so-called culture war issues have placed the term “intrinsic evil” into public discourse. This issue's roundtable affords readers the opportunity to probe deeply various dimensions of the concept, such as the pedagogical effectiveness of the term, its current use in virtue ethics, and the rhetorical effectiveness of competing moral discourses. The authors' explorations range from consideration of classical questions about the substance and circumstances of acts to a taxonomy for “intrinsic evil” to how social processes affect the discourses available to ethicists.

Ethics and Economics

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-228
Author(s):  
John B. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Complex Systems ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Single Subject ◽  
Mainstream Economic ◽  
Ethics And Economics ◽  
Normative Principle ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Status

This chapter examines the nature of ethics and economics as a single subject of investigation, and uses a complex systems approach to characterize the nature of that subject. It then distinguishes mainstream economic and social economic visions of it, where the former assumes that market processes encompass social processes, and the latter assumes that market processes are embedded in social processes. For each vision, strong and weak theses are compared. Both visions are first explained in terms of their respective views of the positive-normative distinction, then in terms of a central normative principle, and then in terms of their policy strategies. The chapter closes with comments on the future status of ethics and economics as a single subject of investigation.

Debating “Intrinsic Evil”

Horizons ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Bretzke
Keyword(s):  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Culture War ◽  
The Affordable Care Act ◽  
Moral Discourses ◽  
Election Cycles

Recent US election cycles, debates about the Affordable Care Act, and a variety of so-called culture war issues have placed the term “intrinsic evil” into public discourse. This issue's roundtable affords readers the opportunity to probe deeply various dimensions of the concept, such as the pedagogical effectiveness of the term, its current use in virtue ethics, and the rhetorical effectiveness of competing moral discourses. The authors' explorations range from consideration of classical questions about the substance and circumstances of acts to a taxonomy for “intrinsic evil” to how social processes affect the discourses available to ethicists.

Debating “Intrinsic Evil”

Horizons ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana L. Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Affordable Care Act ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Culture War ◽  
The Affordable Care Act ◽  
Moral Discourses ◽  
Election Cycles

Recent US election cycles, debates about the Affordable Care Act, and a variety of so-called culture war issues have placed the term “intrinsic evil” into public discourse. This issue's roundtable affords readers the opportunity to probe deeply various dimensions of the concept, such as the pedagogical effectiveness of the term, its current use in virtue ethics, and the rhetorical effectiveness of competing moral discourses. The authors' explorations range from consideration of classical questions about the substance and circumstances of acts to a taxonomy for “intrinsic evil” to how social processes affect the discourses available to ethicists.

Culture War Casualties: Moral Foundation Endorsement Predicts Intergroup Attitudes

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Graham ◽  
Sena Koleva ◽  
Jonathan Haidt ◽  
Ravi Iyer ◽  
Peter H. Ditto
Keyword(s):  
Culture War ◽  
Intergroup Attitudes ◽  
Moral Foundation

A multicultural feminist analysis of Walden Two.

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita S. Wolpert
Keyword(s):  
Walden Two ◽  
Feminist Analysis

REALIZATION OF IDEAS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR THE FINDING OF HIERARCHY OF MOTIVES OF TRAINING

2018 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
M. G. Koliada ◽  
T. I. Bugayova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Hierarchical System ◽  
Productive Activity ◽  
Large Role ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Intelligent Search ◽  
Dynamic Mechanisms ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Effectiveness Of Training ◽  
Probabilistic Nature

The hierarchy of learning motives plays an extremely important role for a management of productive activity of learners, their activity and purposefulness. In the process of educational work, such a motivational hierarchy is formed, where some motives are dynamic mechanisms of other motives that are very difficult to identify at the intuitive level, especially considering the influence of each of them. Therefore, to determine the most significant hierarchical sequence of motives, an innovative method was proposed which is based on the ideas of artificial intelligence. As an example, the search was implemented based on the so-called algorithm of imitation roasting, which is capable to take into account the probabilistic nature of motivational indicators. The article highlights the main leading educational motives of students, on the basis of which the “mechanism” of finding their optimal hierarchical system is shown, and one that simultaneously takes into account the multifactorial influence of their driving causes, taking into account their interconnection, interaction and dynamism. A step-by-step realization of construction of such a hierarchical system of main educational motives in combination with casual, minor motives which are difficult for expecting or providing in advance is shown. Given their unpredictability and probabilistic nature of occurrence, the proposed system of intelligent search allows you to select exactly those sequences of motives that provide the highest productivity and effectiveness of training. The value of the proposed algorithm of imitation roasting is that the accuracy of the result is sacrificed, but the number of iteration cycles decreases, which plays a large role in processing a significant number of motivational indicators.

Russian Federalism at the Critical Stage of Development

2008 ◽  
pp. 70-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bukhvald
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations ◽  
Critical Stage ◽  
Municipal Reform ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Basic Course

Transformations in the sphere of federal relations concern the most important directions of the reforming processes in the country. However, not all proposed and actually developing components of the federal reform seem well-argued and corresponding to long-term, strategic interests of the Russian statehood. The basic course of reform should meet the objective requirements of further decentralization of governing economic and social processes and the need to ensure strengthening the responsibility of RF subjects’ executive bodies and local self-management for steady social and economic development of their territories. The solution of these problems calls for a new model of federal policy of regional development, specification of some important components of the municipal reform as well as inserting certain amendments into the system of intergovernmental fiscal relations in order to stir up their stimulating function.

Sustainable Illegality: Gagauz Women in Istanbul

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayram Unal
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Ethnic Origin ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
National Group ◽  
Turkish Migrants ◽  
Illegal Migrants ◽  
Sociological Inquiry ◽  
The Social

This study deals with survival strategies of illegal migrants in Turkey. It aims to provide an explanation for the efforts to keep illegality sustainable for one specific ethnic/national group—that is, the Gagauz of Moldova, who are of Turkish ethnic origin. In order to explicate the advantages of Turkish ethnic origin, I will focus on their preferential treatment at state-law level and in terms of the implementation of the law by police officers. In a remarkable way, the juridical framework has introduced legal ways of dealing with the illegality of ethnically Turkish migrants. From the viewpoint of migration, the presence of strategic tools of illegality forces us to ask not so much law-related questions, but to turn to a sociological inquiry of how and why they overstay their visas. Therefore, this study concludes that it is the social processes behind their illegality, rather than its form, that is more important for our understanding of the migrants’ survival strategies in destination countries.

Scientific Knowledge in Sociology: Problem Statement

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Gennady V. Kanygin ◽  
Maria S. Poltinnikova
Keyword(s):  
Natural Language ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Methodological Problem ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Problem Statement ◽  
Hidden Knowledge ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article opens a cycle of publications, which analyze the similarities and differences between the two wide spread modern approaches to the description of society - sociological and informational ones. Both approaches have the same methodological problem to be solved. The problem of expressing hidden knowledge about society that participants in social processes operate with the help of natural language in the course of social communication. In order to harmonize sociological and informational approaches of describing society, it was proposed any natural language statements involved in describing society to be arranged according to the basic principle of information technology - modularity. The proposed way of harmonizing informational and sociological methods of building knowledge about society is invoked by the need to solve two scientific problems formulated in sociology itself - the constructability of social objects and the complexity of social relationships. The paper's methodological proposals are embodied in their computer realization, which practical application is demonstrated in other publications of the authors.

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