The present study analyzes four adult Russian-Australian 1.5ers, heritage bilinguals whose first
language is Russian, and who immigrated to Australia or New Zealand during their primary
school years. Semi-structured interviews conducted with the case-study participants examined
their attitudes toward their Russian, their L1, and English, their L2. The interviews explored
the participants’ schooling history, language use, perceived language proficiency, dominance
and use, perceived L1 attrition, and feelings about their identity. The aim of the study was to
understand the connections between language, particularly L1 attrition, and identity for this
cohort of 1.5 generation speakers, as well as factors that may influence their identity perception.
The results emerging from the study’s data reconfirm the role played by language in identity
construction. At the same time, they suggest that for 1.5ers the relationship between language
and identity also needs to be considered in relation to L1 attrition. This factor, in fact, might
contribute to identity conflicts and trigger the desire to return to one’s roots.