scholarly journals INCREASING RESISTANCE OF WINTER WHEAT SAMPLES TO LOW TEMPERATURES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.B. Batyrbaev ◽  
◽  
E.Z. Ziyadullaev ◽  
A.B. Zhalgasbayev ◽  
A.B Alimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures

Stevioside increases the resistance of winter wheat to low temperatures and heavy metals

2013 ◽  
Vol 452 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Yu. Nevmerzhitskaya ◽  
O. A. Timofeeva ◽  
A. L. Mikhaylov ◽  
A. S. Strobykina ◽  
I. Yu. Strobykina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures

No-till - the technology of growing winter wheat as a factor in optimizing the hydrothermal regime of the soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (93) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
A.V. Korniychuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
No Till ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Application No-till - the technology of growing winter wheat reduces the fluctuations in the daily temperatures of thesoil surface by more than half, by almost 70 ° C, reduces the maximum daily temperature, which reduces the soil moisture loss by 1.7 times, compared to traditional technology. In the period of high demand of germinating seeds in the heat, zero tillage retains it better, reducing the pre-emergence period by 30%. With No-till technology, the risk of damage to plants by low temperatures and ice cake during the overwintering period is significantlyreduced.

RESPIRATION OF WINTER WHEAT PLANTS AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1931 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Newton ◽  
J. A. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Respiratory Activity ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Hardened Condition

Respiration measurements at −7°, 0° and 7 °C. with four winter wheat varieties and two spring wheat varieties grown in the field, were carried on during the fall and early winter of four years. The rate of respiration in winter wheat decreased as the plants hardened. At the outset all varieties respired about alike. After hardening began, the rates at −7 °C. were in the inverse order of hardiness, with the spring wheats faster than the least hardy winter wheat. As hardening progressed, the differentiation of the winter varieties at −7 °C. became sharper, and could be observed also at 0 °C., but at 7 °C. very little if any relationship of this sort developed. The spring varieties, because of frost damage, could not be compared with winter varieties in the fully hardened condition, but their behavior early in the season confirms the general conclusion that at the freezing point or lower temperatures respiratory activity is inversely related to winter hardiness. This accounts for the observed fact that hardy varieties maintain their sugar reserves better than non-hardy varieties during the winter.

scholarly journals Plyustransgression in winter wheat breeding on frost resistance and productivity

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
A. I. Grabovets ◽  
M. A. Fomenko
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Complete Dominance ◽  
State Register ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

The results of breeding on the Don using transgressive variability during 1985 - 2018 are presented. The location is a chernozem steppe with frequent frosts, insufficient and unstable moistening over the years. The technology of breeding is common. Used pedigree and bulk method. New when laying a breeding nursery was sowing up to 45 thousand untreated ears of a designed planter (to eliminate weeding during threshing ears), determining the frost resistance of plants that have been hardened in the field, in bundles placed in plastic bags, in low temperatures, determining their viability for three days after freezing by the Don method. A large layer of studies ( more than 11,000 populations) was analyzed, starting with F1 and ending with the completion of formation for each. It is confirmed that transgression, the result of the recombination, is observed in populations whose parents do not have extreme severity of the trait. It is established that populations should be heterogeneous with long-term formation. This happens when parents have very few common genes, when there is no restriction on recombination due to too large differences in components. With the presence of overdominance in F1 in many studied populations, it is possible to predict the appearance of transgressions (in our case for frost-resistance and productivity) with an average frequency of 0.25-4.36%. With the incomplete and complete dominance of the trait of the best parent, the excess of parents in F2 on average over the population, intermediate inheritance in F2 traits are also possible, but an order of magnitude less than when overdominated. This should be accompanied by large volumes of study of the breeding material in the first stages and the pressure of stresses of various kinds. Of the 38 varieties that at various times included in the State Register of Russia, 29 were transgressive recombinants for winter hardiness and productivity. They all withstand minus 18⁰ С on the tillering knot

Effect of cottony snow mold and low temperatures on winter wheat survival in central and northern Alberta

1989 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Gaudet ◽  
M.K. Bhalla ◽  
G.W. Clayton Clayton ◽  
T.H.H. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Northern Alberta

scholarly journals Winter Resistance Of Winter Wheat Under Extreme Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (07) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Esbosyn Polatovich Sadykov ◽  
◽  
Biisenbai Aripovich Bekbanov ◽  
Bibinaz Muratbaevna Kosbergenova ◽  
Raikhan Mukhammedovna Aimuratova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Good Yield ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
State Commission ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Variety Testing ◽  
Resistance Of Varieties

The article discusses the issue of frost resistance of varieties and samples of winter wheat sown at different depths, in the extreme conditions of Karakalpakstan. Both a decrease and an excessive deepening of sowing leads to a significant decrease in their resistance to low temperatures, which negatively affects their subsequent survival in the spring-summer period. On the basis of the data, 2 varieties were selected, they turned out to be frost-resistant and differed in good yield and other valuable traits in comparison with the zoned varieties. They were transferred to the State Commission for Variety Testing of Agricultural Crops, under the name "Chimbay" and "Aral".

Environmental factors affecting expression of resistance to pink snow mold caused by Microdochium nivale in winter wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 1783-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Nakajima ◽  
J. Abe
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Microdochium Nivale ◽  
Cold Hardening ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Light Intensities

The effects of prehardening growth, cold-hardening temperatures, duration of cold hardening, light intensity, and light period during cold hardening on the development of resistance to Microdochium nivale in winter wheat were studied under controlled environment conditions. Resistance was expressed as the median lethal incubation days (LI50) measured by the optimum temperature inoculation method of T. Nakajima and J. Abe. Plant growth at 20:15 °C (light:dark) had the largest effect on augmenting resistance to M. nivale in winter wheat, but conditioning at low temperatures was essential for expression of resistance. Low temperature conditioning at 6–4 °C under low light intensities initiated a rapid development of M. nivale resistance; this process was slower at 4–12 °C. ‘PI 173438’, resistant to snow molds but not to low temperatures, required lower temperatures during cold hardening for full expression of resistance to M. nivale than ‘Nanbukomugi’, which was moderately resistant to snow molds and low temperatures. When conditioned at 2 °C, the plants subjected to the dark remained susceptible but developed resistance rapidly when exposed to low light intensities of 150 μmol ∙ m−2 ∙ s−1. Extending the light period from 8 to 16 h did not affect the expression of resistance to M. nivale. These results suggest that the pattern of development of snow mold resistance is substantively different from that involved in freezing tolerance, although both appear to be conditioned by low temperatures. Keywords: Monographella nivalis, Fusarium nivale, Triticum aestivum L., cold hardiness, snow mold, winter wheat.

Interpretation of irradiation-induced changes in electron diffractograms and images of extinction contours at low temperatures

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 268-269
Author(s):  
E. Knapek ◽  
H. Formanek ◽  
G. Lefranc ◽  
I. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Organic Crystals ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Lens System ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Thin Carbon ◽  
Electron Diffractograms ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Induced Changes

A few years ago results on cryoprotection of L-valine were reported, where the values of the critical fluence De i.e, the electron exposure which decreases the intensity of the diffraction reflections by a factor e, amounted to the order of 2000 + 1000 e/nm2. In the meantime a discrepancy arose, since several groups published De values between 100 e/nm2 and 1200 e/nm2 /1 - 4/. This disagreement and particularly the wide spread of the results induced us to investigate more thoroughly the behaviour of organic crystals at very low temperatures during electron irradiation.For this purpose large L-valine crystals with homogenuous thickness were deposited on holey carbon films, thin carbon films or Au-coated holey carbon films. These specimens were cooled down to nearly liquid helium temperature in an electron microscope with a superconducting lens system and irradiated with 200 keU-electrons. The progress of radiation damage under different preparation conditions has been observed with series of electron diffraction patterns and direct images of extinction contours.

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