No-till - the technology of growing winter wheat as a factor in optimizing the hydrothermal regime of the soil

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (93) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
A.V. Korniychuk
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Moisture Loss ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Emergence Period ◽  
Maximum Daily Temperature ◽  
No Till ◽  
Germinating Seeds

Application No-till - the technology of growing winter wheat reduces the fluctuations in the daily temperatures of thesoil surface by more than half, by almost 70 ° C, reduces the maximum daily temperature, which reduces the soil moisture loss by 1.7 times, compared to traditional technology. In the period of high demand of germinating seeds in the heat, zero tillage retains it better, reducing the pre-emergence period by 30%. With No-till technology, the risk of damage to plants by low temperatures and ice cake during the overwintering period is significantlyreduced.

Wheat residue management options for no-till corn

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Opoku ◽  
T. J. Vyn
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
No Till

Corn (Zea mays L.) yield reduction following winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in no-till systems prompted a study on the effects of tillage and residue management systems on corn growth and seedbed conditions. Four methods for managing wheat residue (all residue removed, straw baled after harvest, straw left on the soil surface, straw left on the soil surface plus application of 50 kg ha−1N in the fall) were evaluated at two tillage levels: fall moldboard plow (MP) and no-till (NT). No-till treatments required at least 2 more days to achieve 50% corn emergence and 50% silking, and had the lowest corn biomass at 5 and 7 wk after planting. Grain yield was similar among MP treatments and averaged 1.1 t ha−1 higher than NT treatments (P < 0.05). Completely removing all wheat residue from NT plots reduced the number of days required to achieve 50% corn emergence and increased grain yields by 0.43 and 0.61 t ha–1 over baling and not baling straw, respectively, but still resulted in 8% lower grain yields than MP treatments. Grain yield differences among MP treatments were insignificant regardless of the amount of wheat residue left on the surface or N application in the fall. Early in the growing season, the NT treatments where residue was not removed had lower soil growing degree days (soil GDD) compared with MP (baled) treatment, and higher soil moisture levels in the top 15 cm compared with all other treatments. The application of 50 kg N ha−1 in the fall to NT (not baled) plots influenced neither the amount of wheat residue on the soil surface, nor the soil NO3-N levels at planting. Our results suggest that corn response in NT systems after wheat mostly depends on residue level. Key words: Winter wheat, straw management, no-till, corn, soil temperature, soil moisture

scholarly journals The effect of No-till technology on the mineral nitrogen content in the Lower Don Chernozem

2020 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Anna Medvedeva ◽  
Olga Buryukova ◽  
Yaroslav Ilchenko ◽  
Tatyana Minkina ◽  
Roman Kamenev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Nitrate Nitrogen ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
No Till ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents the results of a five-year study of the impact of various agricultural technologies (No-till, minimum and traditional using moldboard ploughing) on the content of mineral nitrogen in Haplic Chernozem in southern zone of Rostov Region. It has been revealed that the content of ammonium and nitrate nitrogen in the winter wheat areas cultivated by various agricultural technologies does not significantly change in samples collected both in spring and in summer. However, the content of nitrate nitrogen under resource-saving technologies (both minimum and Notill) has been higher than under ploughing throughout the whole period of study. The trend identified has not been mathematically confirmed. Nevertheless, the impact of No-till technology on the intensity of ammonification and nitrification should not be unequivocally denied, since a significant amount of mineral nitrogen is extracted by crops, and their crop yields under minimum and zero tillage was higher, than when ploughing was applied.

Rotation, tillage and seeder effects on winter wheat performance and soil moisture regime

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Lindwall ◽  
F. J. Larney ◽  
J. M. Carefoot
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Management System ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Moisture Regime ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Soil Moisture Regime ◽  
Southern Alberta

The optimum management system for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in southern Alberta has not been adequately defined. A 9-yr (1978–1986) study was conducted to determine the effects of three rotations (continuous winter wheat, winter wheat–fallow and winter wheat–barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)–fallow), two tillage systems (conventional tillage, zero tillage) and two seeder types (hoe-drill, disc drill) on winter wheat growth, yield and water use. Continuous cropping to winter wheat was terminated after 4 yr because of a heavy downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) infestation. Soil moisture reserves to 1.5-m depth fell to only 61% of that under the wheat–fallow rotation. Wheat grown in the wheat–barley–fallow rotation yielded on average 4% higher than that in the wheat–fallow rotation. Yields under zero tillage were significantly higher in 3 of the 9 study years, and slightly higher in 5 yr, due to better soil moisture conservation once the zero-tillage treatment was established for 2 yr. Zero tillage was most beneficial when precipitation at fall planting was less than normal. The hoe-drill provided more effective seed placement than the disc drill when surface soil conditions were dry at or soon after seeding. A management system which incorporates zero tillage (and preferably seeding with a hoe drill) into a 3-yr (wheat–barley–fallow) rotation is best suited for winter wheat production in southern Alberta. Key words: Wheat (winter), crop rotation, zero tillage, seed drill, soil moisture regime

scholarly journals Influence of primary tillage methods on moisture-temperature soil regime and winter wheat yield

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Semenikhina ◽  
◽  
S. I. Kambulov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Southern Zone ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Winter Wheat Yield ◽  
Tillage Methods

Purpose: to study the influence of soil cultivation methods on soil moisture-temperature regime and the winter wheat yield under conditions of insufficient and unstable moisture. Materials and methods: the study of various primary soil tillage methods was carried out under the conditions of long-term stationary experience in 2017–2019 on the isolated field of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Asovsliy Scientific Centre “Donskoy” (southern zone of Rostov region). The cultivated crop is Stanichnaya variety winter wheat, the predecessor is peas. The experimental site soil is ordinary calcareous heavy loamy chernozem. The studied tillage methods are surface, shallow, moldboard and zero (direct seeding). The method for determining the relative humidity and soil temperature in an autonomous mode was based on the use of Watch Dog 1400 Micro meteorological stations (recorders) from Spectrum Technologies, Inc., the soil moisture and temperature sensors were located at a depth of 30 cm. At the same time, the air humidity and temperature and the accumulation precipitation were monitored. Results: it was found that in the southern zone of Rostov region, zero tillage throughout the entire observation period provides high moisture conservation, preventing soil overheating, at the same time allowing to obtain a consistently high yield of winter wheat, which compares favorably with other tillage methods. Conclusions: comparison of various tillage methods with leading in all indicators zero tillage allowed to establish that, on average, with surface tillage, soil moisture is lower by 17.75 %, soil temperature is higher by 4.12 %, and yield is lower by 8.37 %. With shallow tillage, the soil moisture is 20.12 % lower, the soil temperature is 12.19 % higher, and the yield is 12.14 % lower. With the moldboard method, soil moisture is lower by 13.19 %, the soil temperature is higher by 11.48 %, and the yield is lower by 5.44 %.

Effect of precursors, fertilizers and soil cultivation on the phytosanitary condition of winter wheat crops in the zone of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (92) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
T.S. Vinnichuk ◽  
L.M. Parminskaya ◽  
N.M. Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
No Till ◽  
Harmful Organisms

In the article the research the results of studies of the phytosanitary state of winter wheat sowing with three soil treatments - plowing (22-24 cm), shallow (10-12 cm) and zero (no - till) with various doses of fertilizers: N56 Р16 К16 , N110-130 Р90 К110 and N145-165 Р135 К150 , without fertilizers (control) for the two predecessors - soybean and rapeseed. The influence of these methods on the development and prevalence of powdery mildew, septoriosis of leaves, root rot of winter wheat, the most common pests in the area of research - cereal flies, wheat thrips and grain sawflies. The identified measures to limit the development and spread of harmful organisms above.

Effects of Plastic Mulching Modes on Soil Moisture and Grain Yield in Dryland Winter Wheat

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 787 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou-Xi CHAI ◽  
Chang-Gang YANG ◽  
Shu-Fang ZHANG ◽  
Heng-Hong CHEN ◽  
Lei CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plastic Mulching

scholarly journals Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk ◽  
Janusz Smagacz ◽  
Cezary A. Kwiatkowski ◽  
Elżbieta Harasim ◽  
Andrzej Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
No Till ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Direct Sowing

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest around agricultural science and practice in conservation tillage systems that are compatible with sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the qualitative and quantitative changes in weed flora and soil seed bank under reduced tillage and no-till (direct sowing) in comparison with traditional ploughing. In the crop rotation: pea/rape—winter wheat—winter wheat the number and dry weight of weeds increased with the simplification of tillage. The seed bank was the largest under direct sowing and about three times smaller in traditional ploughing. Under direct sowing, most weed seeds were accumulated in the top soil layer 0–5 cm, while in the ploughing system most weed seeds occurred in deeper layers: 5–10 and 10–20 cm. In the reduced and no-till systems, a greater percentage of perennial and invasive species, such as Conyza canadensis L., was observed. The results show that it is possible to maintain weed infestation in the no-till system at a level that does not significantly affect winter wheat yield and does not pose a threat of perennial and invasive weeds when effective herbicide protection is applied.

Tillage intensity and crop rotation affect weed community dynamics in a winter wheat cropping system

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
F. J. Larney ◽  
C. W. Lindwall ◽  
P. R. Watson ◽  
D. A. Derksen
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Downy Brome ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Long Term Study

Development of improved weed manage ment systems requires more knowledge on how various weed species respond to changing agronomic practices. A long-term study was conducted to determine weed population responses to various tillage intensities and crop rotations in a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) dominated cropping system. Weed density and species composition differed with tillage, rotation, year, and date of sampling within years. Weed community dynamics were most affected by year-to-year differences in environmental conditions, followed by crop rotation, and then tillage intensity. Russian thistle (Salsola iberica Sennen & Pau) and kochia [Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad.] densities increased in years of low rainfall and above average temperatures. Winter annual weeds such as downy brome (Bromus tectorum L.) and flixweed [Descurainia sophia (L.) Webb ex Prantl], as well as the perennial weed dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber in Wiggers), increased in years where higher than average rainfall was received in fall or early spring. Continuous winter wheat facilitated a dense downy brome infestation to develop over time. Trifluralin is not efficacious on stinkweed (Thlaspi arvense L.) or Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] and its use in canola resulted in an increase in these species in a winter wheat-canola rotation. Total weed densities were often greater in zero tillage than in either minimum or conventional tillage. Russian thistle, downy brome, kochia, and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) were associated with zero tillage while wild buckwheat (Polygonum convolvulus L.), lamb’s-quarters (Chenopodium album L.), flixweed, and wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) were associated with conventional tillage. Perennials such as dandelion and perennial sowthistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) were associated with zero tillage but Canada thistle was associated with conventional tillage. Information will be utilized to implement more effective weed management programs in winter wheat production systems. Key words: Conservation tillage, fallow, multivariate analyses, weed populations, weed shifts, zero tillage

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