scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Metabolizable Energy Value of Rapeseed Meal

1970 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 991-999 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.N. Lodhi ◽  
Ruth Renner ◽  
D.R. Clandinin
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Energy Value

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Metabolizable Energy Value of Rapeseed Meal

1970 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.N. Lodhi ◽  
D.R. Clandinin ◽  
Ruth Renner
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Energy Value

AN EVALUATION OF THE SUPPLEMENTARY PROTEIN AND METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUE OF RAPESEED MEALS FOR CHICKS

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 749-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. MARCH ◽  
JACOB BIELY
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Proximate Analyses

Eleven samples of commercially manufactured rapeseed meals were compared as sources of supplementary protein for chicks fed wheat-based diets. When the meals were used to supply 4% of protein to diets containing a total of 16% of protein, growth rate was inferior to that obtained when 4% of supplementary protein was supplied by isolated soybean protein or by soybean meal. Growth in these tests was severely limited by the suboptimal level of lysine present in the diets, even at the low level of protein fed. Growth response of the chicks fed the different meals was accordingly sensitive to the amount of lysine available to the chick from the diet. When the rapeseed meals were supplemented with lysine and tested under similar dietary conditions, i.e., to supply 4% of the supplementary protein, growth rate was enhanced from 60 to 90% above that of chicks fed the rapeseed meals without lysine supplementation. The range in protein supplementary value of the rapeseed meals was similar with and without lysine supplementation, but there was a shift in the ranking of the meals. Supplementation of rapeseed meal with methionine and/or arginine in addition to lysine did not elicit further response. When the rapeseed meals were used to supply 8% of protein to wheat-based diets containing a total of 17.5% of protein, some of the rapeseed meals gave a growth response equal to that obtained with soybean meal. Lysine supplementation stimulated growth of the chicks fed the rapeseed meal at the higher level, but to a lesser degree than when rapeseed meal supplied 4% of protein. The biologically-determined metabolizable energy values of rapeseed meal were approximately 60% lower than the estimated catabolizable energy values based upon the proximate analyses of the meals.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Estimates of Metabolizable Energy Values of Rapeseed Meal for Poultry

1975 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 538-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.E. March ◽  
Trevor Smith ◽  
M. Sadiq
Keyword(s):  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting

FACTORS INFLUENCING THE METABOLIZABLE ENERGY VALUE OF RAPESEED MEAL: LEVEL IN DIET, EFFECTS OF STEAM-PELLETING, AGE OF CHICK, LENGTH OF TIME ON DIET, VARIETY OF RAPESEED AND OIL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 465-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. BAYLEY ◽  
S. J. SLINGER ◽  
J. D. SUMMERS ◽  
G. C. ASHTON
Keyword(s):  
Fibrous Material ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Diet Variety ◽  
Young Chicks

Three experiments were carried out with young chicks which showed that steam-pelleting and regrinding a sample of rapeseed meal prior to its incorporation into an assay diet increased its metabolizable energy value, possibly due to improved digestion of the fibrous material in the rapeseed meal. Level of inclusion of the rapeseed meal in the assay diet did not influence the contribution of the rapeseed meal to the overall metabolizable energy of the diet. Neither the age of the chick nor the length of time that the chicks had received the rapeseed meal containing assay diets had sufficient influence on determined metabolizable energy value to account for the wide discrepancies found between published reports of the metabolizable energy value of rapeseed meal. Ten samples of rapeseed meal which had been prepared from either B. napus or B. campestris cultivars by the all solvent, the pre-press solvent or the expeller process were examined. All 10 samples were fed to young chicks and 5 of these samples were fed to mature roosters. The metabolizable energy values of the B. napus meals were very similar for both types of birds, but for the B. campestris the values tended to be higher for the roosters. In these experiments, nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy values of from 1.34 to 2.00 kcal/g were found; half of this variation could be attributed to variation in fat content of the meals.

NUTRITIONAL EVALUATION OF LOW AND HIGH FIBRE FRACTIONS OF RAPESEED MEAL USING CHICKENS AND PIGS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. BAYLEY ◽  
D. C. HILL
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
High Fibre

Samples of Brassica napus and B. campestris rapeseed meals were separated into fractions low in crude fibre or high in crude fibre using an ’air classifier.’ The original meals contained 15% crude fibre and these levels were reduced to 8 and 10%, respectively, for the ’low fibre’ fractions from the two types of rapeseed meal, and increased to 23% in the ’high fibre’ fractions. There was 42.2 and 40.5% crude protein, respectively, in the original meals, and this was increased to 46.7% and 45.2%, respectively, in the low fibre fractions and reduced to 33% and 37%, respectively, in the high fibre fractions. The above six samples, along with rapeseed meal from the Bronowski cultivar of B. napus and 49% protein soybean meal were assayed for metabolizable energy using 4-wk-old chicks. The classical metabolizable energy values of the B. napus, B. campestris and Bronowski meals were 1.49, 1.66 and 1.71 kcal/g compared to 2.26 kcal/g for the soybean meal. The low fibre fractions from both types of rapeseed had a metabolizable energy value of 2.19 kcal/g, whilst the values for the high fibre fractions were 1.36 and 1.56 kcal/g, respectively, for B. napus and B. campestris. Incorporation of the rapeseed products as protein supplements in isocaloric 17% crude protein broiler diets resulted in similar gains for the three diets containing rapeseed meal and for a control diet containing soybean meal; however, gains were reduced for both the low and high fibre fractions. The poor performance of the birds on the diet containing the low fibre fractions was probably due to the birds having difficulty in consuming the dry powdery diet. A further growth study with 23% protein broiler diets showed that replacing one half or all the supplementary protein from soybean with the rapeseed low fibre fractions reduced weight gain, although in both experiments the rate of gain per unit liveweight over the last week of the experiment was similar for all diets, again suggesting that the birds had difficulty in adjusting to the diet. The digestible energy value of the B. campestris meal for 25-kg barrow pigs was 3.47 kcal/g. The values for the low and high fibre fractions from this meal were 3.67 and 3.39, respectively.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Metabolizable Energy Content of Poultry Feeds

1962 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 445-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.I. McIntosh ◽  
S.J. Slinger ◽  
I.R. Sibbald ◽  
G.C. Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Poultry Feeds

scholarly journals Methods for predicting the energy value of pet foods

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (spe) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Castrillo ◽  
Marta Hervera ◽  
Maria Dolores Baucells
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Energy Value ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

The energy value of foods as well as energy requirements of dogs and cats is currently expressed in terms of metabolizable energy (ME). The determination of ME content of foods requires experimental animals and is too expensive and time consuming to be used routinely. Consequently, different indirect methods have been proposed in order to estimate as reliably an accurately as possible the ME content of pet food. This work analyses the main approaches proposed to date to estimate the ME content of foods for cats and dogs. The former method proposed by the NRC estimates the ME content of pet foods from proximal chemical analysis using the modified Atwater factors, assuming constant apparent digestibility coefficients for each analytical fraction. Modified Atwater factors systematically underestimate the ME content of low-fibre foods whereas they overestimate those that are high in fibre. Recently, different equations have been proposed for dogs and cats based in the estimation of apparent digestibility of energy by the crude fibre content, which improve the accuracy of prediction. In any case, whatever the method of analysis used, differences in energy digestibility related with food processing and fibre digestibility are unlikely to be accounted for. A simple in vitro enzymatic method has been recently proposed based in the close relationship that exist between energy digestibility and organic matter disappearance after two consecutive enzymatic (pepsin-pancreatin) incubation of food sample. Nutrient composition and energy value of pet foods can be also accurately and simultaneously predicted using near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS).

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