Anti-coccidial effect of essential oil blends and vitamin D on broiler chickens vaccinated with purified mixture of coccidian oocyst from Eimeria tenella and Eimeria maxima

AbstractThe purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate and determine the concentration of prostaglandin GF2α (PGF2α) and isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α in plasma and intestine of specific pathogen-free (SPF) Leghorn chickens challenged with Eimeria maxima, with or without dietary supplementation of curcumin using solid‐phase microextraction and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Eighty 1-day-old male SPF chickens were randomly allocated to one of four groups with four replicates (n = 5 chickens/replicate). Groups consisted of: (1) Control (no challenge), (2) Curcumin (no challenge), (3) Eimeria maxima (challenge), and (4) Eimeria maxima (challenge) + curcumin. At day 28 of age, all chickens in the challenge groups were orally gavaged with 40,000 sporulated E. maxima oocysts. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the groups regardless of the treatment or challenge with E. maxima. Enteric levels of both isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α and PGF2α at 7 days and 9 days post-challenge were significantly increased (P < 0.01) compared to the non-challenge control chickens. Interestingly, the enteric levels of both isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α and PGF2α at 7 days post-challenge were significantly reduced in chickens fed curcumin, compared to control chickens challenge with E. maxima. At 9 days post-challenge, only levels of isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α in the enteric samples were significantly reduced in chickens challenged with E. maxima supplemented with curcumin, compared with E. maxima challenge chickens. No differences of isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α or PGF2α were observed in plasma at both days of evaluation. Similarly, no significant differences were observed between the challenge control or chickens challenge with E. maxima and supplemented with curcumin at both times of evaluation. The results of this pilot study suggests that the antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin reduced the oxidative damage and subsequent intestinal mucosal over-production of lipid oxidation products. Further studies to confirm and extend these results in broiler chickens are required.

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The Use of Lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) Essential Oil as an Additive to Drinking Water for Broiler Chickens and Its In Vitro Reaction with Enrofloxacin

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11061535 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1535

Author(s):

M. Adaszyńska-Skwirzyńska ◽

D. Szczerbińska ◽

S. Zych

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Body Weight ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Water Consumption ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Lavender Oil ◽

Resistant Strains ◽

Synergistic Reaction

Biological activity of lavender essential oil is a property that can potentially find an application in poultry nutrition. Nowadays, the use of bioactive compounds is encouraged in many areas of industry and agriculture, since these substances have similar properties as withdrawn antibiotic growth promoters. Additionally, antibiotic resistance bacteria are one of the most important current threats to animal health. The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of lavender essential oil on the production parameters and blood parameters in broiler chickens and to assess the lavender oil’s in vitro reaction in a combination with enrofloxacin towards Escherichia coli. One-day-old non-sexed chicks (Ross 308) were divided into three experimental groups, each consisting of 100 individuals (five replicate of 20 boiler chicken each). The chickens in the control group received drinking water with no addition of lavender essential oil. In the experimental groups, lavender oil was added to the drinking water at a concentration of 0.4 mL/L, in the LEO1–42 from 1 to 42 days of age and the LEO22–42 group from the 22 to 42 days of age. The chickens’ body weight, feed consumption, water consumption, deaths and elimination due to health reasons were determined in the experiment. On day 42 of the chickens’ lives, blood samples were collected based on which selected parameters were identified. An in vitro experiment of lavender oil in combination with enrofloxacin was investigated with a checkerboard method. The results of the experiment showed the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of lavender essential oil and its positive effect on the production results of broiler chickens. The study results proved that the addition of lavender oil positively impacted the chickens’ final body weight and feed conversion ratio (p < 0.01). No differences were observed between the groups for water consumption, death rate and the examined biochemical and immunological blood serum indices. Lavender essential oil was demonstrated to increase the blood serum’s total antioxidant status. A synergistic reaction in vitro was observed for lavender oil combined with enrofloxacin against resistant strains of Escherichia coli. Based on our study, a health-promoting effect of adding LEO to water for broiler chickens was found. Moreover, in vitro studies indicate a significant effect of lavender essential oil on the inhibition of the resistant strains of Escherichia coli growth and synergistic reaction with enrofloxacin.

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Effect of a mixture of herbal extracts on broiler chickens infected with Eimeria tenella

Animal Research ◽

10.1051/animres:2004006 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 137-144 ◽

Cited By ~ 53

Author(s):

Efterpi Christaki ◽

Panagiota Florou-Paneri ◽

Ilias Giannenas ◽

Margarita Papazahariadou ◽

Nikolaos A. Botsoglou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Eimeria Tenella ◽

Herbal Extracts

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Effects of synbiotic probiotic and prebiotic supplementation on haematology and serum total proteins of broiler chickens challenged with Eimeria tenella

Comparative Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1007/s00580-021-03305-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ogwiji Matthew ◽

Jatau Isa Danladi ◽

Natala Audu Joseph ◽

Sani Dahiru ◽

Andamin Aliyu Danlami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Broiler Chickens ◽

Eimeria Tenella ◽

Total Proteins

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Use of a Probiotic to Ameliorate the Growth Rate and the Inflammation of Broiler Chickens Caused by Eimeria tenella Infection

Journal of Animal Research and Nutrition ◽

10.21767/2572-5459.100010 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 01 (02) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chih Yuan Chen ◽

Li Tsen Chuang ◽

Yue Cheng Chiang ◽

Chun Li Lin ◽

Yi Yang Lien ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Eimeria Tenella

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Treatment Effect of Oregano Essential Oil in Broiler Chickens Experimentally Infected with Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli O27 with Emphasis on Hemogram, Serum Biochemistry, and Histopathology of Vital Organs

Egyptian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.21608/ejchem.2021.86333.4181 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Waleed Abu El Hammed ◽

Hamdy Soufy ◽

A. EL-Shemy ◽

Soad Nasr ◽

Mohamed Dessouky

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Treatment Effect ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Avian Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽

Oregano Essential Oil ◽

Pathogenic Escherichia Coli

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Adding wheat and rapeseed meal to corn-soy diets affects intestinal morphology and nutrient digestibility in broilers

South African Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4314/sajas.v50i6.5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (6) ◽

Author(s):

E. Amirahmadi ◽

A.R. Safamehr ◽

A. Nobakht ◽

Y. Mehmannavaz

Keyword(s):

Small Intestine ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Protein Digestibility ◽

Rapeseed Meal ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

Thyme Essential Oil ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Enzyme Supplementation

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of thyme essential oil and enzyme supplementation on rations with two different energy (wheat or corn) and protein resources (soy or rapeseed meals) on gut morphology and protein digestibility of broiler chickens. Three hundred eighty-four male Ross-308 broiler chickens were used with a 23 factorial arrangement with treatments according to a completely randomized design. The morphological examinations of the intestine were carried out on 1-cm long excised segments from duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Adding wheat to the diet increased small intestine length in birds compared to other feedstuffs (P <0.05). Duodenum crypt depth and jejunum villi length were also higher in groups fed with rations containing wheat (P <0.05). Groups that received thyme essential oil and enzyme supplementation had increased length of the duodenum (P <0.05). However, the two- and three-factor interaction effects were not significant. Protein digestibility was not affected by treatment (P >0.05). Feeding wheat to broiler chickens may increase the surface area for nutrient absorption in the small intestine as compensation for the anti-nutritive activity of non-starch polysaccharides in wheat-based diets. Wheat based diets are expected to be acceptable for broilers when supplemented with appropriate enzymes or thyme essential oil.

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Effect of essential and vegetable oil blend supplementation on animal performance, feed intake, rumen fermentation and rumen microbial populations of crossbred steers finished in a pasture system

Research Society and Development ◽

10.33448/rsd-v9i9.8057 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e738998057

Author(s):

Camila Mottin ◽

Francisco Augusto Ricci Catalano ◽

Daniele Maggioni Chefer ◽

Fabiana Lana de Araújo ◽

Venício Macedo Carvalho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Livestock Grazing ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Microbial Populations ◽

Animal Performance ◽

Oil Blends ◽

Oil Blend

Recent years have seen a general increase in consumer concern regarding the profile of additives in animal feed and food sources, prompting the industry to study essential oil blends that have been promoted to replace synthetic products. This study evaluated the effect of essential oil blends supplementation on animal performance, feed intake, rumen fermentation and rumen microbial populations in crossbred steers finished in a pasture system. A total of 40 steers (½ Bons Mara vs. ½ Nellore) with a mean age of 20 ± 2.0 months and a mean body weight of 416.9 ± 5.56 kg were distributed in a completely randomized design with five diets and eight replications per diet. The five experimental diets were: CONT – basal diet, and oil blend inclusion in dosages of 1500, 3000, 4500 or 6000 mg/animal/d. Animal performance was similar among diets. The forage intake, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, ethereal extract, non-fibrous carbohydrates, and the digestibility of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and non-fibrous carbohydrates were greater when essential oil blends were fed to steers. There was an increase in the concentrations of rumen ammonia nitrogen, and propionic and isovaleric volatile fatty acids when essential oil blends were used. The microbiological population of the rumen was similar among the five diets. Our results suggest that the inclusion of doses above 1500 mg/animal/ is high for livestock grazing on temperate pasture, further studies are needed to identify a promising dose to replace antimicrobial additives.

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