Catholicism and Cosmopolitanism: the Confluence of Three Catholic Scholars and the Cosmopolitan Democrats on State Sovereignty and the Future of Global Governance

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-51
Author(s):  
Matthew Bagot
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
State Sovereignty ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Jacques Maritain ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Future ◽  
Cosmopolitan Democracy ◽  
Catholic Tradition

One of the central questions in international relations today is how we should conceive of state sovereignty. The notion of sovereignty—’supreme authority within a territory’, as Daniel Philpott defines it—emerged after the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648 as a result of which the late medieval crisis of pluralism was settled. But recent changes in the international order, such as technological advances that have spurred globalization and the emerging norm of the Responsibility to Protect, have cast the notion of sovereignty into an unclear light. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the current debate regarding sovereignty by exploring two schools of thought on the matter: first, three Catholic scholars from the past century—Luigi Sturzo, Jacques Maritain, and John Courtney Murray, S.J.—taken as representative of Catholic tradition; second, a number of contemporary political theorists of cosmopolitan democracy. The paper argues that there is a confluence between the Catholic thinkers and the cosmopolitan democrats regarding their understanding of state sovereignty and that, taken together, the two schools have much to contribute not only to our current understanding of sovereignty, but also to the future of global governance.

scholarly journals Single-particle cryo-EM—How did it get here and where will it go

Science ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 361 (6405) ◽  
pp. 876-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Structural Biology ◽  
Single Particle ◽  
Electron Crystallography ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cryo Electron Microscopy ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Future ◽  
Electron Cryotomography

Cryo–electron microscopy, or simply cryo-EM, refers mainly to three very different yet closely related techniques: electron crystallography, single-particle cryo-EM, and electron cryotomography. In the past few years, single-particle cryo-EM in particular has triggered a revolution in structural biology and has become a newly dominant discipline. This Review examines the fascinating story of its start and evolution over the past 40-plus years, delves into how and why the recent technological advances have been so groundbreaking, and briefly considers where the technique may be headed in the future.

scholarly journals Operating without operations: how is technology changing the role of the firm?

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Breidbach ◽  
Sunmee Choi ◽  
Benjamin Ellway ◽  
Byron W. Keating ◽  
Katerina Kormusheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operations Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Service Operations ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Future ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the history and future of service operations, with the goal to identify key theoretical and technological advances, as well as fundamental themes that can help to imagine the future of service operations in 2050. Design/methodology/approach A review of the service operations literature was undertaken to inform a discussion regarding the role that technology will play in the future of service operations. Findings The future of service operations is framed in terms of three key themes – complexity, orchestration, and elasticity. The paper makes three contributions to the service science literature by: reviewing key themes underpinning extant service operations research to frame future trajectories of service operations research; elaborating a vision of service operations in 2050 based on history and technology; and outlining a research agenda for future service operations. Practical implications The case of service automation is used to provide an illustration of how the three themes converge to define future service operations, and in particular, to show how technology is recasting the role of the firm. Originality/value Service operations in the next 30 years will be very different from what it was in the past 30 years. This paper differs from other review papers by identifying three key themes that will characterize and instill new insights into the future of service operations research.

Toward Multi-Omic–Informed Psychotropic Prescribing

2021 ◽  
pp. 303-316
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Maruf ◽  
Chad Bousman
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychotropic Drug ◽  
Biological Markers ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Future ◽  
Medication Selection

Matching individuals to tolerable and efficacious pharmacotherapies in mental health has proven challenging. As such, efforts to personalize psychotropic prescribing in mental health has received considerable attention over the past decade. This attention has been fueled by technological advances in genomics, specifically, pharmacogenomics, and, more recently, epigenomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics that have facilitated the identification of clinically useful biological markers to guide medication selection and dosing. The convergence of these omic technologies is arguably the future of personalized psychotropic prescribing. This chapter provides an overview of the current genomic, epigenomic, transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic knowledgebase as it relates to psychotropic drug response in an effort to identify promising linkages between and facilitate convergence across these approaches to guide safe and effective pharmacotherapy relevant to psychiatry.

One Hundred and Fifty Years of Teubner Texts

1961 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
Bruno Doer
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Classical Antiquity ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Publishing Firm ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classical Studies ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The Future ◽  
Do So ◽  
A Share

It is always agreeable to offer congratulations to someone who is celebrating a jubilee. It is a particular pleasure to do so when the ‘child’ whose birthday it is can look back over 150 years of existence, and all those who have a share in the jubilee may reflect that the thanks for the achievements of the past and wishes for the future serve the cause of publicity. For no one who sets out to discuss the state of classical studies in Germany can, or should, fail to mention the Leipzig publishing firm of B. G. Teubner. Here publishing and scholarship have in the past century and a half formed an indissoluble partnership which has made it its duty to provide the best texts for use in the study of classical antiquity.

scholarly journals The Continuing Evolution of Official Statistics: Some Challenges and Opportunities

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve MacFeely
Keyword(s):  
Official Statistics ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Disruptive Innovations ◽  
The Future ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Motivation For Change

Abstract As economies, societies, and environments change, official statistics evolve and develop to reflect those changes. In reaction to disruptive innovations arising from globalisation, technological advances, and cultural changes, the pace of change of official statistics will accelerate in the future. The motivation for change may also be more existential than that of the past as official statisticians consider the survival of their discipline. This article examines some of the emerging developments and questions whether they present threats or offer opportunities.

The historical evolution of transsphenoidal surgery: facilitation by technological advances

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. E8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chirag D. Gandhi ◽  
Lana D. Christiano ◽  
Jean Anderson Eloy ◽  
Charles J. Prestigiacomo ◽  
Kalmon D. Post
Keyword(s):  
Transsphenoidal Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Imaging ◽  
Pituitary Surgery ◽  
Early History ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Historical Evolution ◽  
Surgical Microscope ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
History Of

Over the past century, pituitary surgery has undergone multiple evolutions in surgical technique and technological advancements that have resulted in what practitioners now recognize as modern transsphenoidal surgery (TSS). Although the procedure is now well established in current neurosurgical literature, the historical maze that led to its development continues to be of interest because it allows a better appreciation of the unique contributions by the pioneers of the technique, and of the innovative spirit that continues to fuel neurosurgery. The early events in the history of TSS have already been well documented. This paper therefore summarizes the major early transitions along the timeline, and then further concentrates on some of the more recent advancements in TSS, such as the surgical microscope, fluoroscopy, endoscopy, intraoperative imaging, and frameless guidance. The account of each of these innovations is unique because they were each developed as a response to certain historical needs by the surgeon. An understanding of these more recent contributions, coupled with the early history, provides a more complete perspective on modern TSS.

scholarly journals Climate impact on floods: changes in high flows in Sweden in the past and the future (1911–2100)

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 771-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Arheimer ◽  
G. Lindström
Keyword(s):  
Climate Impact ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Intense Rainfall ◽  
The South ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
High Flows ◽  
Model Chain

Abstract. There is an ongoing discussion whether floods occur more frequently today than in the past, and whether they will increase in number and magnitude in the future. To explore this issue in Sweden, we merged observed time series for the past century from 69 gauging sites throughout the country (450 000 km2) with high-resolution dynamic model projections of the upcoming century. The results show that the changes in annual maximum daily flows in Sweden oscillate between dry and wet periods but exhibit no significant trend over the past 100 years. Temperature was found to be the strongest climate driver of changes in river high flows, which are related primarily to snowmelt in Sweden. Annual daily high flows may decrease by on average −1% per decade in the future, mainly due to lower peaks from snowmelt in the spring (−2% per decade) as a result of higher temperatures and a shorter snow season. In contrast, autumn flows may increase by +3% per decade due to more intense rainfall. This indicates a shift in flood-generating processes in the future, with greater influence of rain-fed floods. Changes in climate may have a more significant impact on some specific rivers than on the average for the whole country. Our results suggest that the temporal pattern in future daily high flow in some catchments will shift in time, with spring floods in the northern–central part of Sweden occurring about 1 month earlier than today. High flows in the southern part of the country may become more frequent. Moreover, the current boundary between snow-driven floods in northern–central Sweden and rain-driven floods in the south may move toward higher latitudes due to less snow accumulation in the south and at low altitudes. The findings also indicate a tendency in observations toward the modeled projections for timing of daily high flows over the last 25 years. Uncertainties related to both the observed data and the complex model chain of climate impact assessments in hydrology are discussed.

scholarly journals What is Causing the Worldwide Rise in Body Weight?

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin P Shook ◽  
Steven N Blair ◽  
John Duperly ◽  
Gregory A Hand ◽  
Sandra M Matsudo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Flux ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
And Shifts

The worldwide rise in body weight has reached epidemic proportions and this has serious public health consequences. Despite the universal recognition of this problem, its causes are still debated: some attribute it to excess caloric intake; others blame a lack of physical activity (PA); some implicate specific changes to micro- and macro-nutrients. During the past century, government health agencies have developed guidance on healthy eating. These, along with advances in agriculture and food manufacturing, have largely eliminated nutrient deficiencies and helped reduce the consumption of fat. Over the past 60 years, however, technological advances and shifts in the types of occupations prominent in industrialized as well as developing countries have resulted in well-documented decreases in energy expenditure. Energy intake must be balanced with energy expenditure in order to prevent weight gain, and there is increasing evidence that this balance must be at a relatively high level of energy flux. A program that was started in São Paulo in 1996 known as ‘Agita’ has sought to motivate populations to engage in small amounts of physical exercise daily to tackle growing obesity levels. This multi-agency initiative is one example of how to successfully increase exercise within a community and scale both within (e.g. all states in Brazil) and across many nations. Reducing caloric intake in whole populations is challenging especially at relatively low levels of energy expenditure, and evidence suggests that there is a critical energy flux threshold for regulating intake to achieve energy balance. Increasing PA, however, may be more achievable than reducing intake. Activity raises caloric expenditure and can offset excess intake. The implementation of programs to achieve greater PA is therefore vital if the worldwide rise in body weight is to be halted, while we also need to implement programs to help people eat smarter.

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