scholarly journals Prices and Terms of Trade for Developed-Country Exports of Manufactured Goods

10.3386/w0774 ◽  
1981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irving Kravis ◽  
Robert Lipsey
Keyword(s):  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Manufactured Goods

scholarly journals Une analyse économétrique de l’ajustement récent de la balance commerciale canadienne (1978-1979)

2009 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-387
Author(s):  
Richard Dion ◽  
Raynald Létourneau
Keyword(s):  
Trade Balance ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
The United States ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Trade Surplus ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Manufactured Goods ◽  
Merchandise Trade

Abstract The Canadian merchandise trade surplus increased rather modestly in 1978 and 1979 given that the depreciation of the real exchange rate since 1977 had considerably reinforced our competitive position. With the aid of an econometric model, we try to measure the respective contributions of the factors influencing the merchandise trade balance during that period. Our partial equilibrium simulations reveal that the depreciation of the Canadian dollar, both in nominal and real terms, substantially improved the merchandise trade surplus. High capacity utilization rates in Canada had a substantial impact on the trade balance through a large increase of imports, especially imports of producers' equipment, and through a significant reduction of exports of manufactured goods other than automotive products. Excluding the automobile sector, which has experienced a "structural" change in the United States, cyclical divergences between the two countries did not influence substantially the evolution of the merchandise trade account over that period. The rapid improvement of the terms of trade in 1979 strongly contributed to the increase of the nominal merchandise trade surplus. Our simulations show that the rise in the prices of certain primary commodities relative to the U.S. prices of manufactured goods was an important factor behind the stronger terms of trade.

scholarly journals Terms-of-trade and counterterrorism externalities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subhayu Bandyopadhyay ◽  
Todd Sandler ◽  
Javed Younas
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Terrorist Group ◽  
Small Country ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Terrorist Organization

Abstract This article investigates the interplay of trade and terrorism externalities under free trade between a developed nation that exports a manufactured good to and imports a primary product from a developing nation. A terrorist organization targets both nations and reduces its attacks in response to a nation’s defensive counterterrorism efforts, while transferring some of its attacks abroad. Terms-of-trade considerations lead the developed nation to raise its counterterrorism level beyond the ‘small-country’ level, thus compounding its overprovision of these measures. By contrast, the developing nation limits its defensive countermeasures below that of the small-country level. This asymmetry is a novel finding. The analysis is extended to include proactive countermeasures to weaken the terrorist group. Again, the developed country raises its efforts owing to the terms-of-trade externality, which now opposes the underprovision associated with proactive efforts. A second extension allows for several developing-country exporters of the primary product.

The Demand for Industrial Materials, 1950-57

1959 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 22-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Rowlatt ◽  
F.T. Blackaby
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Korean War ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Primary Products ◽  
The Korean War ◽  
Industrial Materials ◽  
Manufactured Goods

Only eight or nine years ago, at the time of the Korean war, it was widely believed that there would be a continuing world-wide shortage of many primary products; that there was a long-term tendency for the prices of primary products to rise faster than the prices of manufactured goods; and that, as a consequence, the terms of trade were bound to go on turning in favour of primary producing countries and against manufacturing nations such as Britain.

Trade, Technology and Financing for Development

2010 ◽  
pp. 145-155
Author(s):  
Jan Kregel
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Developed Country ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Term Trend ◽  
Major Impediment

The long-term trend decline in the terms of trade of primary commodities against developed country manufactured goods is usually cited as a major impediment to the growth in per capita incomes in developing countries and the inapplicability of the theory of comparative advantage in the design of development policy. However, as developing countries have expanded their production of industrial output they have been faced with two additional barriers to successful development. The first is the impact of opening their capital markets to foreign investments, creating a tendency for decline in the financial terms of trade with developed countries. The second is the impact of knowledge-based technological change that makes it difficult for developing countries to acquire the increased productivity associated with best-practice techniques, creating a tendency toward a decline in the technological terms of trade. The article thus generalizes the concept of the declining terms of trade to finance and technology.

scholarly journals Review of the Terms of Trade in Selected Countries and Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-78
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kazem Naziri ◽  
Morteza Nemati ◽  
Hadi Darabi ◽  
Ghasem Raisi
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Economic Welfare ◽  
Agricultural Commodities ◽  
Income Gap ◽  
Manufactured Goods ◽  
The Relationship

Nowadays the terms of trade have great importance for developing countries compared to developed countries. Because worsening terms of trade, that all other conditions are constant, reduces economic welfare. It is believed that the decline in the terms of trade of developing countries to developed countries causes the transfer of income from developing countries to developed countries and increases the income gap between these two groups of countries. This paper aims to examine the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis in different countries. The study examines the relationship between net terms of trade and income terms of trade between oil -exporting developing countries, agricultural commodities exporting developing countries and developed countries exporter of manufactured goods as well as the terms of trade of Iran in 1980-2010. Prebisch-Singer hypothesis states about changes in net terms of trade that this variable, changes to the detriment of developing countries and primary commodities exporter (other than oil and agricultural commodities) and to the benefit of developed countries exporter of manufactured goods.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document