scholarly journals Changes in Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS), Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) Protein Levels in Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion in Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bari Ferenc
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Requirement of nuclear factor kappaB for the constitutive expression of nitric oxide synthase-2 and cyclooxygenase-2 in rat trophoblasts

1999 ◽  
Vol 112 (18) ◽  
pp. 3147-3155
Author(s):  
N.A. Callejas ◽  
M. Casado ◽  
L. Bosca ◽  
P. Martin-Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Nuclear Factor Kappab ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Nf Kappab ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Recently isolated trophoblasts express nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS-2) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), decreasing the levels of the corresponding mRNAs when the cells were maintained in culture. The sustained expression of COX-2 and NOS-2 in trophoblasts was dependent on the activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) since proteasome inhibitors and antioxidants that abrogated NF-kappaB activity suppressed the induction of both genes. The time-dependent fall of the mRNA levels of NOS-2 and COX-2 paralleled the inhibition of NF-kappaB, determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays, and the increase of the IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta inhibitory proteins. Isolated trophoblasts synthesized reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI), a process impaired after culturing the cells, and that might be involved in the NF-kappaB activation process. Moreover, treatment of recently isolated cells with ROI scavengers suppressed the expression of COX-2 and NOS-2. Challenge of trophoblasts with interleukin-1beta up-regulated the expression of both proteins, an effect that was potentiated by lipopolysaccharide. These results indicate that the physiological expression of NOS-2 and COX-2 in trophoblasts involves a sustained activation of NF-kappaB which inhibition abrogates the inducibility of both genes.

scholarly journals Salicylate Suppresses Macrophage Nitric-oxide Synthase-2 and Cyclo-oxygenase-2 Expression by Inhibiting CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein-β Binding via a Common Signaling Pathway

2002 ◽  
Vol 277 (51) ◽  
pp. 49304-49310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Cieslik ◽  
Ying Zhu ◽  
Kenneth K. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Enhancer Binding Protein ◽  
Ccaat Enhancer Binding Protein ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase

We determined whether salicylate at pharmacological concentrations inhibits nitric-oxide synthase-2 (NOS-2) and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) expressions in RAW 264.7 stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ). Cells were treated with sodium salicylate (10−7-10−4m) or vehicle for 30 min followed by LPS+IFN-γ for up to 24 h. Salicylate suppressed NOS-2 and COX-2 protein levels and promoter activities stimulated by LPS+IFN-γ for 4 h in a concentration-dependent manner but had no effect on NOS-2 expression stimulated by the combined agonists for 24 h. Results from promoter analysis indicate that the binding of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein β (C/EBPβ) to its cognate site at −150/−142 on the NOS-2 promoter region was essential for NOS-2 expression at 4 h but not at 24 h. Salicylate reduced C/EBPβ binding at 4 h and did not alter its binding at 24 h. NOS-2 and COX-2 protein levels and C/EBPβ binding stimulated by LPS+IFN-γ for 4 h were inhibited by a similar battery of signaling inhibitors, suggesting a common pathway for NOS-2 and COX-2 expression. Kinetic analysis indicates that NOS-2, similar to COX-2 expression, at 4 h was largely due to the action of LPS, which induced C/EBPβ binding, whereas its expression at a longer time point was contributed by IFN-γ. Our findings implicate two distinct pathways for NOS-2 expression induced by LPS+IFN-γ. Salicylate at pharmacological concentrations is capable of suppressing the early phase of NOS-2 and COX-2 expression by blocking C/EBPβ binding.

Mercury induces the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Jeong Park ◽  
Hyung-Sun Youn
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) is a transcription factor that mediates the inducible expression of a variety of genes involved in immune and inflammatory responses. NF-κB activation induces numerous proinflammatory gene products including cytokines, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The divalent heavy metal mercury has been used for thousands of years. Although mercury is clearly toxic to most mammalian organ systems, especially the immune system, exposure has still increased in some areas of the world. However, the underlying toxic mechanism is not clearly identified. Here, we report biochemical evidence that mercury alone induces NF-κB activation, resulting in the induced expression of COX-2 and iNOS. The results suggest that mercury can induce inflammatory diseases by lowering host defense.

scholarly journals Molecular Docking Prediction and in Vitro Studies Elucidate Anti-inflammatory Effect of Garcinia Extract Against Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Cyclooxygenase-2 Targets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha Kalita ◽  
MANAS DAS ◽  
Bhabajyoti Das ◽  
Momita Rani Baro
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

Abstract Garcinia is a tropical plant that has been traditionally used in medicinal folklore for its potential antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, etc. In this study, Garcinia herbal extract (GHE) and one of its important phytocompound (garcinol) were evaluated for their inhibitory action against important inflammatory markers inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. iNOS and COX-2 plays an major role in the process of inflammation and inhibition of these molecules will help to alleviate the inflammatory process. The cells were pre-treated with two doses of Garcinia (230µg/ml and 115µg/ml); garcinol (12µM and 6µM) followed by stimulation with 1µg/ml of LPS for 24h. The results of the study demonstrated that GHE and garcinol plays an important role in suppressing LPS- induced relative mRNA expression of iNOS, COX-2 and subsequent reduction in the levels of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E 2 . Molecular docking analysis of garcinol and hydroxycitric acid, the major active components of GHE with iNOS and COX-2 proteins showed potent interaction with low binding energies. This study suggests that GHE (containing high percentage of HCA) and garcinol may possess anti-inflammatory activity thus providing a possibility for drug designing as iNOS and COX-2 inhibitors.

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