scholarly journals The Association of Fatigue With Decreasing Regularity of Locomotion During an Incremental Test in Trained and Untrained Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Rabuffetti ◽  
Mathias Steinach ◽  
Julia Lichti ◽  
Hanns-Christian Gunga ◽  
Björn Balcerek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Motion ◽  
Time Profile ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Periodic Patterns ◽  
Incremental Test ◽  
Parabolic Profile ◽  
Regularity Index ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
And Performance

Fatigue is a key factor that affects human motion and modulates physiology, biochemistry, and performance. Prolonged cyclic human movements (locomotion primarily) are characterized by a regular pattern, and this extended activity can induce fatigue. However, the relationship between fatigue and regularity has not yet been extensively studied. Wearable sensor methodologies can be used to monitor regularity during standardized treadmill tests (e.g., the widely used Bruce test) and to verify the effects of fatigue on locomotion regularity. Our study on 50 healthy adults [27 males and 23 females; <40 years; five dropouts; and 22 trained (T) and 23 untrained (U) subjects] showed how locomotion regularity follows a parabolic profile during the incremental test, without exception. At the beginning of the trial, increased walking speed in the absence of fatigue is associated with increased regularity (regularity index, RI, a. u., null/unity value for aperiodic/periodic patterns) up until a peak value (RI = 0.909 after 13.8 min for T and RI = 0.915 after 13.4 min for U subjects; median values, n. s.) and which is then generally followed (after 2.8 and 2.5 min, respectively, for T/U, n. s.) by the walk-to-run transition (at 12.1 min for both T and U, n. s.). Regularity then decreases with increased speed/slope/fatigue. The effect of being trained was associated with significantly higher initial regularity [0.845 (T) vs 0.810 (U), p < 0.05 corrected], longer test endurance [23.0 min (T) vs 18.6 min (U)], and prolonged decay of locomotor regularity [8.6 min (T) vs 6.5 min (U)]. In conclusion, the monitoring of locomotion regularity can be applied to the Bruce test, resulting in a consistent time profile. There is evidence of a progressive decrease in regularity following the walk-to-run transition, and these features unveil significant differences among healthy trained and untrained adult subjects.

scholarly journals Effects of 3D Printing-Line Directions for Stretchable Sensor Performances

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1791
Author(s):  
Chi Cuong Vu ◽  
Thanh Tai Nguyen ◽  
Sangun Kim ◽  
Jooyong Kim
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Times ◽  
Stretchable Sensors

Health monitoring sensors that are attached to clothing are a new trend of the times, especially stretchable sensors for human motion measurements or biological markers. However, price, durability, and performance always are major problems to be addressed and three-dimensional (3D) printing combined with conductive flexible materials (thermoplastic polyurethane) can be an optimal solution. Herein, we evaluate the effects of 3D printing-line directions (45°, 90°, 180°) on the sensor performances. Using fused filament fabrication (FDM) technology, the sensors are created with different print styles for specific purposes. We also discuss some main issues of the stretch sensors from Carbon Nanotube/Thermoplastic Polyurethane (CNT/TPU) and FDM. Our sensor achieves outstanding stability (10,000 cycles) and reliability, which are verified through repeated measurements. Its capability is demonstrated in a real application when detecting finger motion by a sensor-integrated into gloves. This paper is expected to bring contribution to the development of flexible conductive materials—based on 3D printing.

scholarly journals Adiabatic invariants drive rhythmic human motion in variable gravity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Boulanger ◽  
F. Buisseret ◽  
V. Dehouck ◽  
F. Dierick ◽  
O. White
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Adiabatic Invariants ◽  
Human Motor Control ◽  
Changing Environments ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Human Motor ◽  
Variable Gravity ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Motor Strategies

AbstractNatural human movements are stereotyped. They minimise cost functions that include energy, a natural candidate from mechanical and physiological points of view. In time-changing environments, however, motor strategies are modified since energy is no longer conserved. Adiabatic invariants are relevant observables in such cases, although they have not been investigated in human motor control so far. We fill this gap and show that the theory of adiabatic invariants explains how humans move when gravity varies.

SALESPEOPLE MOTIVATION AS KEY FACTOR IN ACHIEVING SALES MANAGEMENT GOALS IN HOTEL INDUSTRY

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-169
Author(s):  
Darko Lacmanović
Keyword(s):  
Sales Management ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Sales Managers ◽  
Job Commitment ◽  
Sales Personnel ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
And Performance

Sales management acitivities such as monitoring, directing, evaluation and rewarding represents useful ways for increasing the salesperson job satisfaction and organizational commitment. Motivating the sales effort ussually include three dimensions: intensivity, persistence and choice. By inspiring salespeople on greater job commitment, sales managers keep managerial tools to stimulate latent sales efforts and performance. Rewarding system based on »straight« salary result in unmotivated sales personnel who, in that case, connect their work engagement solely with realization of working hours not with realization of sales volume. Segmentation of sales force, grouping the salespersons according to their motivation needs and offering them diverse rewarding systems per each group, presents inovative approach to challenges of motivation the salespeople.

Network Service Availability and Performance

2002 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
Mike Fisk
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Background Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Business And Society ◽  
Network Service ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Term Performance ◽  
Network Administrators

As computer networks, specifically the Internet, become more and more integral to business and society, the performance and availability of services on the Internet become more critical. It is now a common need to provide a reliable network service to millions of Internet users and customers. The performance of these services is commonly a key factor in their success. Web portals and popular sites build relationships with customers based in part on their speed and availability. Even services internal to an enterprise frequently have serious consequences if there is a loss of availability. This chapter discusses how advanced, multilayer switches can be used to increase the performance of network services. For this discussion, the term “performance” refers to availability, latency, and throughput, since all of these factors affect a user’s impression of a site’s performance. This chapter is intended for network service providers who must scale their services, network administrators who need to apply policies to their networks, and developers of switches who need to understand what the utility and requirements for these switches are. It is assumed that the reader has a working familiarity with networking principles, but substantial background information is also provided.

Enhancing radical innovation performance through intellectual capital components

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Agostini ◽  
Anna Nosella
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Radical Innovation ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Ic Testing ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose In today’s knowledge economy the ability to innovate and develop new products is a key factor to sustain firm performance. Within this context, analysing the role of different components of intellectual capital (IC) becomes of foremost importance, as well as an under-investigated issue for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of human, organisational and relational capital (RC) on radical innovation performance (RIP), as well as to examine whether organisational capital (OC) and RC mediate the relationship between human capital (HC) and RIP and whether OC moderates the relationship between RC and RIP. Design/methodology/approach The methodology consisted of a factor analysis and different regression models to test for mediation and moderation. The analyses are carried out on a sample of 150 micro firms and SMEs involved in the production of machinery or instruments and located in Italy. Findings Results show that HC is directly associated to RIP, as well as OC and RC that totally mediate the relationship between HC and RIP. Moreover, OC positively moderates the relationship between RC and RIP. Originality/value This study is particularly interesting because it adopts an overarching perspective on IC testing the interplay between the different components of IC. In addition, it focusses on the SME context which is under-investigated as far as IC and performance measurement is concerned.

Preparation and Performance Analysis of Mesh Hydroxyapatite/Sodium Alginate Composite Scaffold

2015 ◽  
Vol 1119 ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
Yan Xu ◽  
Jian Pin Zhou ◽  
Zheng Ying Wei ◽  
Li Yan Dang ◽  
Feng Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Composite Scaffold ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Artificial Bones ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
And Performance

Scaffolds material is the key factor for bone tissue engineering, and construction of the scaffolds is also an important part. Adopting the biocompatible, biodegradable, hydroxyapatite (HAP) and sodium alginate (SA) as the molding material, using three-dimensional printing technology, choosing cross grid filling paths, we manufactured the artificial bones through self-developed 3D printing equipment. Then we measured and analyzed important parameters of the work, and did composite culture experiment. It can be seen that the prepared artificial bone scaffold has good biocompatibility. The paper provides a reference for the study of bone tissue engineering materials.

scholarly journals Motion-core assistive tools using pervasive embedded intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
S. M. Namal Arosha Senanayake ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Optimization ◽  
Movement Analysis ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Decision Fusion ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Test Subject ◽  
Data Mapping ◽  
Translation Techniques ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Embedded Intelligence

Real-time human movement monitoring anywhere at any time is time critical depending on core human motion activities, in particular nation’s valuable asserts; athletes and soldiers considered as reference standard of any society. Light weight wearable technologies are the key measurements and instruments system integrated to develop human motion-core assistive tools (MAT) using pervasive embedded intelligence. Unlike many existing motion analysis models, motion-core models are based on domain specific data service architectures beyond cloud technologies using inner data structures and data models created. Four layered micro system architecture that consists of sensing, networking, service and Motion-core IoT (MIoT) is proposed. Knowledge base was designed as a distributed and networked data center based on transient and resident data addressing modes in order to guarantee the secure data accessing, propagating, visualizing and control between these two modes of operations. While transient data change and avail in relevant clouds storages, corresponding resident data and processed data retain inside local servers or/and private clouds. Data mapping and translation techniques are applied for the formation of complete motion-core data packet related to the test subject under consideration. Thus, hybrid MIoT system is developed using 3D decision fusion models which are the internationally quantifiable standards for assessing human motion set by trainers, coachers, physiotherapists and orthopedics. MIoT built as motion-core assistive tools have been tested for rehabilitation monitoring, injury prevention and performance optimization of athletes, soldiers, and general public. The hybrid system introduced in this work is novel and proves lower down the latency and connectivity independence by allowing human movement analysis during daily active lifestyle.

A Review on Human Motion Prediction in Sit to Stand and Lifting Tasks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik A. Chumacero-Polanco ◽  
James Yang
Keyword(s):  
Humanoid Robots ◽  
Human Motion ◽  
Motion Prediction ◽  
Articulated Figures ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Human Motion Prediction ◽  
Human Movements ◽  
Standing Up ◽  
Prediction And Simulation ◽  
And Control

Human-like motion prediction and simulation is an important task with many applications in fields such as occupational-biomechanics, ergonomics in industrial engineering, study of biomechanical systems, prevention of musculoskeletal disorders, computer-graphics animation of articulated figures, prosthesis and exoskeletons design as well as design and control of humanoid robots, among others. In an effort to get biomechanical insight in many human movements, extensive work has been conducted over the last decades on human-motion prediction of tasks as: walking, running, jumping, standing from a chair, reaching and lifting. This literature review is focused on the STS motion and the LLM. STS is defined as the process of rising from a chair to standing up position without losing stability balance, it is the most ubiquitous and torque-demanding daily labor and it is closely related to other capabilities of the human body. LLM is defined as the activity of raising a load, generally a box, from a low to a higher position while stability is maintained, this task produces a high number of incidences of low-back pain and injuries in many industrial and domestic activities. In order to predict STS and LLM, two methods have been identified: these are the OBMG method and the CBMG method.

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