scholarly journals Parasocial Relationships With President Trump as a Predictor of COVID-19 Information Seeking

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Kelly ◽  
Ryan Goke ◽  
Mackenzy McCall ◽  
S. Greg Dowell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Parasocial Relationships ◽  
Indirect Influence ◽  
Parasocial Relationship ◽  
Political Groups

As the number of COVID-19 cases climbed in the United States, President Trump came under fire for dismissing its severity despite evidence to the contrary. Those most impressionable by the President's claims might be those who have established a parasocial relationship with him. Results of this survey study indicate that each of the three parasocial variables assessed (i.e., friends, understanding, and brand), were negatively related to information seeking for COVID-19. Moreover, initial evidence was found that identification with the Trump brand was an indirect influence of information seeking. Consistent with the supported model, women and Democrats reported higher information seeking for COVID-19 than men and other political groups.

Reading practices of Spanish-speaking readers in the United States and Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 096100062199641
Author(s):  
Keren Dali
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Reading Practices ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Spanish Speaking

Drawing on a subset of data from a larger survey study of immigrant and migrant Spanish-speaking readers in the United States and Canada, this article explores their pre-immigration reading histories; the role of reading in their lives and personal identities; specific day-to-day characteristics of their reading behaviors, including the frequency and places of reading; and the sources of information that readers use to select their new reads. This study places reading practices in the context of readers’ migration experiences and pressures of adjustment and resettlement. Supported by the review of reading practices in selected countries of origin and by the analysis of the Spanish-speaking communities in the diaspora, this article contributes to the body of knowledge about immigrant and migrant readers. By so doing, it begins to address the gap in knowledge about Spanish-speaking readerships. This gap exists despite the extensive previously published research on Hispanic and Latinx library users, which has focused on their information-seeking behaviors, use of public libraries, language learning programming, and collection development in the Spanish language, without touching on reading practices. It is hoped that this study will contribute to more culturally sensitive reader services in libraries and a better understanding of Spanish-speaking community members by librarians in all types of libraries.

A survey of Instagram users with asthma to evaluate the acceptability of a planned clinical trial intervention (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Spitzer ◽  
Brent Heineman ◽  
Marcella Jewell ◽  
Michael Moran ◽  
Peter Lindenauer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
College Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Healthy Behaviors ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Hispanic White

BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic lung disease that affects nearly 25 million individuals in the United States. There is a need for more research into the potential for health care providers to leverage existing social media platforms to improve healthy behaviors and support individuals living with chronic health conditions. OBJECTIVE In this study, we assess the willingness of Instagram users with poorly controlled asthma to participate in a pilot study that uses Instagram as a means of providing social and informational support. In addition, we explore the potential for adapting photovoice and digital storytelling to social media. METHODS A survey study of Instagram users living with asthma in the United States, between the ages of 18 to 40. RESULTS Over 3 weeks of recruitment, 457 individuals completed the pre-survey screener; 347 were excluded. Of the 110 people who were eligible and agreed to participate in the study, 82 completed the study survey. Respondents mean age was 21(SD = 5.3). Respondents were 56% female (n=46), 65% (n=53) non-Hispanic white, and 72% (n=59) had at least some college education. The majority of respondents (n = 66, 81%) indicated that they would be willing to participate in the study. CONCLUSIONS Among young-adult Instagram users with asthma there is substantial interest in participating in a study that uses Instagram to connect participants with peers and a health coach in order to share information about self-management of asthma and build social connection.

Impacts of Social Distancing on Pedestrian Behavior and Risk Perception

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1302-1306
Author(s):  
Kyra B. Phillips ◽  
Kelly N. Byrne ◽  
Branden S. Kolarik ◽  
Audra K. Krake ◽  
Young C. Bui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Risk Perception ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Pedestrian Behavior ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Over Time

Since COVID-19 transmission accelerated in the United States in March 2020, guidelines have recommended that individuals wear masks and limit close contact by remaining at least six feet away from others, even while outdoors. Such behavior is important to help slow the spread of the global pandemic; however, it may require pedestrians to make critical decisions about entering a roadway in order to avoid others, potentially creating hazardous situations for both themselves and for drivers. In this survey study, we found that while overall patterns of self-reported pedestrian activity remained largely consistent over time, participants indicated increased willingness to enter active roadways when encountering unmasked pedestrians since the COVID-19 pandemic began. Participants also rated the risks of encountering unmasked pedestrians as greater than those associated with entering a street, though the perceived risk of passing an unmasked pedestrian on the sidewalk decreased over time.

scholarly journals Staffing at Ambulatory Endoscopy Centers in the United States: Practice, Trends, and Rationale

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Agrawal ◽  
Rajeev Jain
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Moderate Sedation ◽  
Endoscopic Procedures ◽  
Staffing Patterns ◽  
And Training

Background. Endoscopy nurse (RN) has a pivotal role in administration and monitoring of moderate sedation during endoscopic procedures. When sedation for the procedure is administered and monitored by an anesthesia specialist, the role of an RN is less clear. The guidelines on this issue by nursing and gastroenterology societies are contradictory. Methods. Survey study of endoscopy lab managers and directors at outpatient endoscopy units in Texas. The questions related to staffing patterns for outpatient endoscopies and responsibilities of different personnel assisting with endoscopies. Results. Responses were received from 65 endoscopy units (response rate 38%). 63/65 (97%) performed at least a few cases with an anesthesia specialist. Of these, 49/63 (78%) involved only an endoscopy technician, without an additional RN in the room. At 12/49 (25%) units, the RN performed tasks of an endoscopy technician. At 14/63 (22%), an additional RN was present during endoscopic procedures and performed tasks not directly related to patient care. Conclusions. Many ambulatory endoscopy units do not have an RN present at all times when sedation is administered by an anesthesia specialist. An RN, when present, did not perform tasks commensurate with the education and training. This has implications about optimal utilization of nurses and cost of performing endoscopies.

scholarly journals A Cross-Cultural Comparison of an Extended Planned Risk Information Seeking Model on Mental Health Among College Students: Cross-Sectional Study

10.2196/15817 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. e15817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaomeng Niu ◽  
Jessica Fitts Willoughby ◽  
Jing Mei ◽  
Shaochun Li ◽  
Pengwei Hu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Media Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Information Seeking ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Mental Health Information

Background Approximately 42.5 million adults have been affected by mental illness in the United States in 2013, and 173 million people have been affected by a diagnosable psychiatric disorder in China. An increasing number of people tend to seek health information on the Web, and it is important to understand the factors associated with individuals’ mental health information seeking. Identifying factors associated with mental health information seeking may influence the disease progression of potential patients. Objective This study aimed to test the planned risk information seeking model (PRISM) in China and the United States with a chronic disease, mental illness, and two additional factors, ie, media use and cultural identity, among college students. Methods Data were collected in both countries using the same online survey through a survey management program (Qualtrics). In China, college instructors distributed the survey link among university students, and it was also posted on a leading social media site called Sina Weibo. In the United States, the data were collected in a college-wide survey pool in a large Northwestern university. Results The final sample size was 235 for the Chinese sample and 241 for the US sample. Media use was significantly associated with mental health information–seeking intentions in the Chinese sample (P<.001), and cultural identity was significantly associated with intentions in both samples (China: P=.02; United States: P<.001). The extended PRISM had a better model fit than the original PRISM. Conclusions Cultural identity and media use should be considered when evaluating the process of mental health information seeking or when designing interventions to address mental health information seeking.

A comparison of information behavior studies in United States and India: Number of publications, authorship, journals, theories, research populations, and methods

2022 ◽  
pp. 096100062110696
Author(s):  
Vinit Kumar ◽  
Brady Lund
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Information Behavior ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Quantitative Research Methods ◽  
Research Populations

This study compares attributes (authors, journals, populations, theories, methods) of information seeking behavior studies based in the United States and India, based on a search of published articles from 2011 to 2020 in relevant information science databases. The findings indicate major differences in information behavior research among the two countries. Information behavior research in the United States tends to focus more on health and medicine-related research populations, employ greater use of information behavior theories, and use a variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods (as well as mixed methods). Information behavior research in India tends to focus more on general populations, use less theory, and rely heavily on quantitative research methods—particularly questionnaires (88% of studies). These findings suggest a healthy and intellectually-diverse information behavior research area in the United States and ample room for growth of the research area within India.

Emotions and backlash in US society and politics

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Petersen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Dynamic Process ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Complex Emotion ◽  
Political Groups

Alter and Zurn’s framework identifies ‘frequent companions’ to backlash politics including emotive elements. This article addresses those emotive elements. In particular, it defines and unpacks the complex emotion of indignation, an emotion that sets off a dynamic process leading to mutual contempt between political groups. The article shows how indignation and its dynamic processes have helped unleash backlash politics in the United States.

Introduction

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Helena Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Global Events ◽  
Political Groups

This chapter canvasses recent global events including white nationalist rallies in the United States, the protectionist vote for Brexit, and the mainstreaming of racist far-right political groups across Europe. It then turns to the landscape of leadership and organisations and discusses how the backlash that we have observed against diversity is institutionalised in business practice. The chapter lays the groundwork to interrogate the violences of leadership theorising and practice in more depth as well as provide ways forward through anti-racist feminist resistance.

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