scholarly journals Facts and Gaps in Exercise Influence on Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: New Insights From a Meta-Analysis Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Martínez-Solé ◽  
María Sabater-Molina ◽  
Aitana Braza-Boïls ◽  
Juan J. Santos-Mateo ◽  
Pilar Molina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Cardiac Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Right

Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is a genetic cardiac condition characterized by fibrofatty myocardial replacement, either at the right ventricle, at the left ventricle, or with biventricular involvement. Ventricular arrhythmias and heart failure represent its main clinical features. Exercise benefits on mental and physical health are worldwide recognized. However, patients with ACM appear to be an exception. A thorough review of the literature was performed in PubMed searching for original papers with the terms “ARVC AND sports/exercise” and “sudden cardiac death AND sports/exercise.” Additional papers were then identified through other sources and incorporated to the list. All of them had to be based on animal models or clinical series. Information was structured in a regular format, although some data were not available in some papers. A total of 34 papers were selected and processed regarding sports-related sudden cardiac death, pre-clinical models of ACM and sport, and clinical series of ACM patients engaged in sports activities. Eligible papers were identified to obtain pooled data in order to build representative figures showing the global incidence of the most important causes of sudden cardiac death in sports and the global estimates of life-threatening arrhythmic events in ACM patients engaged in sports. Tables and figures illustrate their major characteristics. The scarce points of controversy were discussed in the text. Fundamental concepts were summarized in three main issues: sports may accelerate ACM phenotype with either structural and/or arrhythmic features, restriction may soften the progression, and these rules also apply to phenotype-negative mutation carriers. Additionally, remaining gaps in the current knowledge were also highlighted, namely, the applicability of those fundamental concepts to non-classical ACM phenotypes since left dominant ACM or non-plakophillin-2 genotypes were absent or very poorly represented in the available studies. Hopefully, future research endeavors will provide solid evidence about the safest exercise dose for each patient from a personalized medicine perspective, taking into account a big batch of genetic, epigenetic, and epidemiological variables, for instance, in order to assist clinicians to provide a final tailored recommendation.

scholarly journals A Rare Coronary Artery Anomaly: Origin of All Three Coronary Arteries from the Right Sinus of Valsalva

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lale Pasaoglu ◽  
Ugur Toprak ◽  
Emre Nalbant ◽  
Gokhan Yagiz
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Sinus Of Valsalva ◽  
Coronary Artery Anomalies ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Right ◽  
Aberrant Vessels

Left anterior descending (LAD) artery and left circumflex (LCx) coronary artery originating separately from the right sinus of valsalva is exceptionally rare and very few cases have been reported in the literature. Congenital coronary artery anomalies are generally incidental, uncommon, and asymptomatic. Some can cause severe potentially life-threatening symptoms such as myocardial ischemia and sudden cardiac death. The aberrant vessels that pass between the aorta and the pulmonary trunk pose a risk of sudden cardiac death, particularly if the vessel supplies the left coronary artery network. The electrocardiographically gated multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) allows accurate and non-invasive depiction of coronary artery anomalies including origin, course, and termination. We report here a rare case of all three coronary arteries separately originating from the right coronary sinus, which was detected with MDCT.

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Management of Idiopathic Enlargement of the Right Atrium: An Analysis Based on Systematic Review of 153 Reported Cases

Cardiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Lin He ◽  
He Li ◽  
Yuman Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnosis And Management ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Right

Idiopathic enlargement of the right atrium (IERA) is a rare cardiac anomaly, and only sporadic cases have been reported. Little is known about its clinical relevance, and inconsistencies in medical and surgical management remain among different settings. In this paper, we systematically reviewed the published cases of the IERA in terms of clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. A total of 153 cases of IERA were covered. Arrhythmia, dyspnea, and palpitation were found to be the most common clinical manifestations. It tends to be associated with life-threatening complications and sudden cardiac death. Diagnosis was mostly established by using echocardiography. Presenting symptoms, abnormal ECG findings, and therapeutic modalities were significantly related to the prognosis of IERA. Symptomatic patients were significantly more likely to have poor outcomes than asymptomatic patients (<i>p</i> = 0.044), and conservative treatment was more associated with adverse outcomes compared to surgical resection (<i>p</i> = 0.016). In conclusion, IERA, although rare, tends to be associated with potential life-threatening complications and sudden cardiac death. Echocardiography is the most common diagnostic modality. Surgical resection is indicated for symptomatic patients.

Sa1706 A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of Serious Ventricular Arrhythmia and Sudden Cardiac Death With Domperidone Use

2016 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. S352
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bashashati ◽  
Irene Sarosiek ◽  
Sharareh Moraveji ◽  
Alok Dwivedi ◽  
Tariq Siddiqui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Antidepressants and Risk of Sudden Cardiac Death: A Network Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Narut Prasitlumkum ◽  
Wisit Cheungpasitporn ◽  
Nithi Tokavanich ◽  
Kimberly R. Ding ◽  
Jakrin Kewcharoen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Ventricular Arrhythmia ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressant ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Background: Antidepressants are one of the most prescribed medications, particularly for patients with mental disorders. Nevertheless, there are still limited data regarding the risk of ventricular arrhythmia (VA) and sudden cardiac death (SCD) associated with these medications. Thus, we performed systemic review and meta-analysis to characterize the risks of VA and SCD among patients who used common antidepressants. Methods: A literature search for studies that reported risk of ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death in antidepressant use from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database from inception through September 2020. A random-effects model network meta-analysis model was used to analyze the relation between antidepressants and VA/SCD. Surface Under Cumulative Ranking Curve (SUCRA) was used to rank the treatment for each outcome. Results: The mean study sample size was 355,158 subjects. Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) patients were the least likely to develop ventricular arrhythmia events/sudden cardiac deaths at OR 0.24, 0.028–1.2, OR 0.32 (95% CI 0.038–1.6) for serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI), and OR 0.36 (95% CI 0.043, 1.8) for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), respectively. According to SUCRA analysis, TCA was on a higher rank compared to SNRI and SSRI considering the risk of VA/SCD. Conclusion: Our network meta-analysis demonstrated the low risk of VA/SCD among patients using antidepressants for SNRI, SSRI and especially, TCA. Despite the relatively lowest VA/SCD in TCA, drug efficacy and other adverse effects should be taken into account in patients with mental disorders.

scholarly journals Myocardial Inflammation, Sports Practice, and Sudden Cardiac Death: 2021 Update

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
Paolo Compagnucci ◽  
Giovanni Volpato ◽  
Umberto Falanga ◽  
Laura Cipolletta ◽  
Manuel Antonio Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Myocardial Inflammation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy ◽  
The Relationship

Myocardial inflammation is an important cause of cardiovascular morbidity and sudden cardiac death in athletes. The relationship between sports practice and myocardial inflammation is complex, and recent data from studies concerning cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and endomyocardial biopsy have substantially added to our understanding of the challenges encountered in the comprehensive care of athletes with myocarditis or inflammatory cardiomyopathy (ICM). In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of myocarditis, ICM, and myopericarditis/perimyocarditis in athletes, with a special emphasis on arrhythmias, patient-tailored therapies, and sports eligibility issues.

scholarly journals Sudden Unexpected Death Associated with Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy: Study of the Cardiac Conduction System

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1323
Author(s):  
Giulia Ottaviani ◽  
Graziella Alfonsi ◽  
Simone G. Ramos ◽  
L. Maximilian Buja
Keyword(s):  
Fibromuscular Dysplasia ◽  
Ventricular Myocardium ◽  
Conduction System ◽  
Cardiac Conduction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Cardiac Conduction System ◽  
Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Right

A retrospective study was conducted on pathologically diagnosed arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) from consecutive cases over the past 34 years (n = 1109). The anatomo-pathological analyses were performed on 23 hearts diagnosed as ACM (2.07%) from a series of 1109 suspected cases, while histopathological data of cardiac conduction system (CCS) were available for 15 out of 23 cases. The CCS was removed in two blocks, containing the following structures: Sino-atrial node (SAN), atrio-ventricular junction (AVJ) including the atrio-ventricular node (AVN), the His bundle (HB), the bifurcation (BIF), the left bundle branch (LBB) and the right bundle branch (RBB). The ACM cases consisted of 20 (86.96%) sudden unexpected cardiac death (SUCD) and 3 (13.04%) native explanted hearts; 16 (69.56%) were males and 7 (30.44%) were females, ranging in age from 5 to 65 (mean age ± SD, 36.13 ± 16.06) years. The following anomalies of the CCS, displayed as percentages of the 15 ACM SUCD cases in which the CCS has been fully analyzed, have been detected: Hypoplasia of SAN (80%) and/or AVJ (86.67%) due to fatty-fibrous involvement, AVJ dispersion and/or septation (46.67%), central fibrous body (CFB) hypoplasia (33.33%), fibromuscular dysplasia of SAN (20%) and/or AVN (26.67%) arteries, hemorrhage and infarct-like lesions of CCS (13.33%), islands of conduction tissue in CFB (13.33%), Mahaim fibers (13.33%), LBB block by fibrosis (13.33%), AVN tongue (13.33%), HB duplicity (6.67%%), CFB cartilaginous meta-hyperplasia (6.67%), and right sided HB (6.67%). Arrhythmias are the hallmark of ACM, not only from the fatty-fibrous disruption of the ventricular myocardium that accounts for reentrant ventricular tachycardia, but also from the fatty-fibrous involvement of CCS itself. Future research should focus on application of these knowledge on CCS anomalies to be added to diagnostic criteria or at least to be useful to detect the patients with higher sudden death risks.

scholarly journals Fragmented QRS for the prediction of sudden cardiac death: a meta-analysis

EP Europace ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 969-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rosengarten ◽  
P. A. Scott ◽  
J. M. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fragmented Qrs

Blow/trauma to the chest and sudden cardiac death: Commotio cordis and contusio cordis are leading causes

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lydia Krexi ◽  
Mary N Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Sudden Cardiac Death ◽  
Cardiac Death ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Contusio Cordis ◽  
Commotio Cordis ◽  
Forensic Practice ◽  
Acute Changes ◽  
The Right

Background In forensic practice, a blow to the chest can lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD). Commotio cordis and contusio cordis are leading causes. Methods From a database of 4678 patients who suffered from SCD, we found three patients with commotio cordis and two patients with contusio cordis. All the patients were examined macroscopically and microscopically and had negative toxicology screen. Results The three patients who died due to commotio cordis were young males (16, 23 and 38 years old). The circumstances of death were: a blow to the chest by a football, by a friend during a party and during an assault. The hearts were completely normal at autopsy. The two patients who had contusio cordis were older males (42 and 63 years old). Both patients died during traffic accidents. At autopsy, one had significant contusion over the left ventricle, and the second had contusion over the right ventricle. Conclusion This study indicates that a blow to the chest is very important to document in the circumstances of death, and a detailed history is vital. It raises the left ventricular intra-cavitary pressure, leading to commotio cordis with immediate death with a normal heart. Blunt chest trauma can cause direct myocardial lesions, with acute changes leading to contusio cordis.

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