scholarly journals Association of Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Quality Determined by Dual-Layer Spectral Detector CT With Severity of Coronary Artery Disease: A Preliminary Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuxue Dang ◽  
Xujiao Chen ◽  
Shaowei Ma ◽  
Yue Ma ◽  
Quanmei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Tissue Quality ◽  
Attenuation Index ◽  
Spectral Detector Ct ◽  
Vascular Stenosis ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) is considered as a source of inflammatory mediators, leading to the development of coronary atherosclerosis. The study aimed to investigate the correlation between PCAT quality derived from dual-layer spectral detector CT (SDCT) and the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD), and whether PCAT parameters were independently associated with the presence of CAD.Materials and Methods: A total of 403 patients with symptoms of chest pain who underwent SDCT were included. PCAT quality including fat attenuation index (FAI) measured from conventional polychromatic CT images (FAI120kvp) and spectral virtual mono-energetic images at 40 keV (FAI40keV), slope of spectral HU curve (λHU), and effective atomic number (Eff-Z) were measured around the lesions representing the maximal degree of vascular stenosis in each patient. Meanwhile, overall epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) attenuation was acquired in the conventional polychromatic energy imaging.Results: FAI40keV, λHU, Eff-Z, and FAI120kvp increased along with the degree of CAD in general and were superior to the overall EAT attenuation for detecting the presence of CAD. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that FAI40keV was the most powerful independent indicator (odds ratio 1.058, 95% CI 1.044–1.073; p < 0.001) of CAD among these parameters. Using an optimal cut-off (−131.8 HU), FAI40keV showed higher diagnostic accuracy of 80.6% compared with the other parameters.Conclusions: These preliminary findings suggest that FAI40keV on SDCT may be an appealing surrogate maker to allow monitoring of PCAT changes in the development of CAD.

scholarly journals Prognostic value of fat attenuation index of pericoronary adipose tissue surrounding left anterior descending artery on coronary computed tomography angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Sugiyama ◽  
Y Kanaji ◽  
M Hoshino ◽  
M Yamaguchi ◽  
M Hada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography ◽  
Coronary Cta ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Attenuation Index ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Background Recent studies reported the association between elevated fat attenuation index (FAI) of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) on coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and worse cardiac outcomes. Purpose We investigated the prognostic value of increased FAI-defined coronary inflammation status in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods Three-hundred fifty-eight patients (127 acute coronary syndromes [ACS], 231 stable coronary artery disease) with left anterior descending artery (LAD) as a culprit vessel who underwent coronary CTA were retrospectively studied. The FAI defined as the mean CT attenuation value of PCAT (−190 to −30 Hounsfield Unit [HU]) was measured at the proximal 40-mm segment of LAD. All subjects were divided into two groups according to the median value of FAI in the LAD. The association between the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including all-cause death, myocardial infarction, heart failure, target and non-target vessel revascularization were evaluated. Results In a total of 358 patients, median FAI values surrounding the LAD was −71.46 (interquartile range, −77.10 to −66.34) HU. Thirty-eight patients (10.6%) experienced MACE during the follow-up period (median, 818 days). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that high FAI-LAD (>−71.46 HU [median]) was significantly associated with the incidence of MACE (log-rank test, chi-square = 4.183, P=0.041) (Figure). Conclusions In patients with coronary artery disease with culprit LAD lesions, elevated FAI of PCAT surrounding the LAD was associated with worse clinical outcomes. Assessment of FAI may have a potential for potential for non-invasive risk-stratification by coronary CTA. Kaplan-Meier analysis for MACE Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

scholarly journals Dual-layer spectral detector CT to study the correlation between pericoronary adipose tissue and coronary artery stenosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Zhu ◽  
Xujiao Chen ◽  
Shaowei Ma ◽  
Ke Zhou ◽  
Yang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenosis ◽  
Effective Atomic Number ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Artery Stenosis ◽  
Significant Stenosis ◽  
Attenuation Index ◽  
Spectral Detector Ct ◽  
Relationship Of

Abstract Background To investigate the relationship of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) with coronary artery stenosis using dual-layer spectral detector CT (SDCT). Methods 99 patients were retrospectively divided into normal group, non-significant stenosis group and significant stenosis group (n = 33 in each group). Fat attenuation index (FAI) 40kev, spectral curve slope (λHU), effective atomic number (Eff-Z) and epicardial fat volume (EFV) were quantitatively evaluated of the narrowest part of the lesion tissue by SDCT. Results There were significant differences in PCAT parameters on SDCT (FAI40keV, λHU, Eff-Z and EFV) among the three groups (P < 0.05). FAI40keV, λHU, and Eff-Z in significant stenosis group were statistically different from those in normal group and non-significant stenosis group (P < 0.05). FAI40keV, λHU, and Eff-Z in non-significant stenosis group were statistically different from significant stenosis group (P < 0.05). EFV in normal group were significantly lower in non-significant stenosis group and significant stenosis group (P < 0.001). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses identified FAI40keV (OR = 1.50, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.09) and λHU (OR = 6.81, 95%CI 1.87 to 24.86) as independent predictors of significant stenosis. FAI40keV and λHU had quite good discrimination, with an AUC of 0.84 and 0.80 respectively. Conclusion FAI40keV, λHU, and Eff-Z on SDCT in significant stenosis group were significantly different from normal and non-significant stenosis group while EFV in normal group were significantly different from non-significant stenosis group and significant stenosis group. FAI40kev and λHU were risk factors for significant stenosis.

The Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Lymphocytes in Low-Grade Inflammation and Coronary Artery Disease

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 469-P
Author(s):  
MILOS MRAZ ◽  
ANNA CINKAJZLOVA ◽  
ZDENA LACINOVÁ ◽  
JANA KLOUCKOVA ◽  
HELENA KRATOCHVILOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Role of smoking on body fat distribution and coronary artery disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sabet ◽  
S Elkaffas ◽  
S.W.G Bakhoum ◽  
H Kandil
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Coronary Artery Atherosclerosis ◽  
Total Fat ◽  
Artery Disease

Abstract Introduction Smoking and obesity are recognized as important modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the general perception that smoking protects against obesity is a common reason for starting, and/or not quitting smoking. Purpose To detect the quantity, quality and relative distribution of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) estimated by abdominal computed tomography in smokers versus non- smokers. Methods The abdominal muscular wall was traced manually to calculate SAT and VAT areas (cm2) (outside and inside abdominal muscular wall respectively) as well as SAT density [Hounsfield units (HU)] at L4-L5 in 409 consecutive patients referred for evaluation of chest pain by multi-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (MSCT-CA). Results 26% of the studied patients (n=107) were current smokers, while the remaining 74% (n=302) never smoked. Coronary artery atherosclerosis was more prevalent in smokers compared to non-smokers (64.5% vs 55.0%; p=0.09). Smokers had statistically significantly lower body mass index (BMI) (31.2±4.3 vs. 32.5±4.7 kg/m2; p=0.015), hip circumference (HC) (98.6±22.5 vs. 103.9±20.9 cm; p=0.031), total fat area (441.62±166.34 vs. 517.95±169.51cm2; p&lt;0.001), and SAT area (313.07±125.54 vs. 390.93±143.28 cm2; p&lt;0.001) as compared to non-smokers. However, smokers had statistically significantly greater waist-to-hip ratio (0.98±0.08 vs. 0.96±0.08; p=0.010), VAT/SAT area ratio (0.41±0.23 vs. 0.35±0.20; p=0.013), and denser SAT depot (−98.91±7.71 vs. −102.08±6.44 HU; p&lt;0.001). Conclusion Smoking contributes to CAD and to the pathogenic redistribution of body fat towards VAT, through limiting SAT potential to expand. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Gánh nặng xơ vữa động mạch cảnh ở người mắc bệnh động mạch vành sớm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Huong Truong
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Carotid Stenosis ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Carotid Atherosclerosis ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Premature Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Artery Disease

TÓM TẮT Đặt vấn đề: Dữ liệu xơ vữa động mạch (ĐM) cảnh ở người mắc bệnh động mạch vành sớm (BĐMVS) còn hạn chế tại Việt Nam. Do đó, nghiên cứu này nhằm mục tiêu xác định tỉ lệ xơ vữa ĐM cảnh và các yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng này ở người mắc BĐMVS tại Việt Nam. Đối tượng, phương pháp nghiên cứu: Đây là nghiên cứu mô tả với 94 người mắc BĐMVS được siêu âm ĐM cảnh. Kết quả: Tình trạng hẹp ĐM cảnh không ý nghĩa và có ý nghĩa quan sát thấy ở 16 (17.0%) và 4 bệnh nhân (4.3%), tương ứng. Phân tích hồi quy logistic đa biến thấy nồng độ lipoprotein cholesterol tỷ trọng thấp (LDL-C) trong máu liên quan độc lập với hẹp ĐM cảnh có ý nghĩa (Odds Ratio = 1.504). Kết luận: Tại Việt Nam, người mắc BĐMVS có tỉ lệ cao bị hẹp ĐM cảnh. Sàng lọc hẹp ĐM cảnh nên được thực hiện cho nhóm bệnh nhân này, đặc biệt là khi có kèm tăng LDL-máu. Từ khoá: Xơ vữa, hẹp động mạch cảnh, bệnh động mạch vành, sớm ABSTRACT BURDEN OF CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH PREMATURE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE Background: Data about carotid atherosclerosis in patients with premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) is still limited in Vietnam. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in patients with PCAD and factors related to carotid stenosis in these patients in Vietnam. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that enrolled 94 patients with PCAD. All of patients were screened carotid atherosclerosis using ultrasonography. Results: Non-significant andsignificant carotid stenosiswere observed in 16 patients (17.0%) and 4 patients (4.3%), respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level was independently related to the presence of carotid stenosis with Odds ratio as 1.504. Conclusions: Prevalence of carotid stenosis is high in patients with PCAD in Vietnam. Screening of carotid stenosis should be recommended in these patients, especially in whom with elevated LDL-C. Key words: Atherosclerosis, carotid stenosis,coronary artery disease, premature.

scholarly journals Adipokines and coronary artery disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Strisciuglio ◽  
Gennaro Galasso ◽  
Dario Leosco ◽  
Roberta De Rosa ◽  
Giuseppe Di Gioia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Pleiotropic Function

Adipose tissue, besides being an important energetic storage, is also a source of cytokines and hormones which act in a paracrine, autocrine and especially endocrine manner, influencing the cardiometabolic axis. Adipokines are a group of mediators with pleiotropic function, that are involved in many physiological processes, so that a disregulation in their secretion can lead to multiple pathological conditions. In this review our aim was to clarify the role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, especially in coronary artery disease, and based on current scientific evidence, to analyze the therapeutic and behavioral strategies that are so far available.

scholarly journals The Associations of Epicardial Adipose Tissue With Coronary Artery Disease and Coronary Atherosclerosis

2014 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se-Hong Kim ◽  
Ju-Hye Chung ◽  
Beom-June Kwon ◽  
Sang-Wook Song ◽  
Whan-Seok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Atherosclerosis ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Epicardial Adipose Tissue as a Source of Nuclear Factor-κB and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Mediated Inflammation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Baker ◽  
A. L. Harte ◽  
N. Howell ◽  
D. C. Pritlove ◽  
A. M. Ranasinghe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Toll Like Receptor ◽  
Inflammatory Profile ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
And Control

Abstract Context: Visceral adipose tissue (AT) is known to confer a significantly higher risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Epicardial AT has been shown to be related to cardiovascular disease and myocardial function through unidentified mechanisms. Epicardial AT expresses an inflammatory profile of proteins; however, the mechanisms responsible are yet to be elucidated. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to: 1) examine key mediators of the nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways in paired epicardial and gluteofemoral (thigh) AT from coronary artery disease (CAD) and control patients and 2) investigate circulating endotoxin levels in CAD and control subjects. Design: Serums and AT biopsies (epicardial and thigh) were obtained from CAD (n = 16) and non-CAD (n = 18) patients. Inflammation was assessed in tissue and serum samples through Western blot, real-time PCR, ELISAs, and activity studies. Results: Western blotting showed epicardial AT had significantly higher NFκB, inhibitory-κB kinase (IKK)-γ, IKKβ, and JNK-1 and -2 compared with thigh AT. Epicardial mRNA data showed strong correlations between CD-68 and toll-like receptor-2, toll-like receptor-4, and TNF-α. Circulating endotoxin was elevated in patients with CAD compared with matched controls [CAD: 6.80 ± 0.28 endotoxin unit(EU)/ml vs. controls: 5.52 ± 0.57 EU/ml; P&lt;0.05]. Conclusion: Epicardial AT from patients with CAD shows increased NFκB, IKKβ, and JNK expression compared with both CAD thigh AT and non-CAD epicardial AT, suggesting a depot-specific as well as a disease-linked response to inflammation. These studies implicate both NFκB and JNK pathways in the inflammatory profile of epicardial AT and highlight the role of the macrophage in the inflammation within this tissue.

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