scholarly journals Heterogeneity and Contribution of Microplastics From Industrial and Domestic Sources in a Wastewater Treatment Plant in Xiamen, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zouxia Long ◽  
Wenling Wang ◽  
Xingguang Yu ◽  
Zhongyang Lin ◽  
Jian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Significant Harm ◽  
Industrial Sources ◽  
Grain Size Parameters ◽  
Polymer Type

Plastic-related industrial discharge is suspected as a significant source of microplastics (MPs) in the influent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, little is known about the characteristics of MPs in industrial wastewater. Taking the Haicang WWTP in Xiamen, China, as an example, this study compared MPs in industrial wastewater with the domestic one in terms of abundance, particle size, polymer type, shape and color. Wentworth modulus, grain size parameters and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to describe the MP difference between those two. It was found that the abundance of MPs in industrial wastewater was more than twice that in domestic wastewater, and the flux of MPs discharged into the aquatic environment through industrial wastewater was about 3.2 times that of domestic wastewater. The main shapes of MPs in industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater were fiber and granule, respectively. The proportion of polyester (PES) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) in industrial wastewater was higher than that in domestic wastewater, related to the type of factories served by the WWTP. Compared with domestic wastewater, the rough surface of MPs in industrial wastewater was more complex and diverse, which might have a high capability of adsorbing other pollutants, thereby causing more significant harm to the environment. Our results supported that industrial sources of MPs are the priority areas in environmental management, and immediate action is taken to prevent industrial-sources MPs from entering the environment.

scholarly journals Aerial Mapping of Odorous Gases in a Wastewater Treatment Plant Using a Small Drone

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1757
Author(s):  
Javier Burgués ◽  
María Deseada Esclapez ◽  
Silvia Doñate ◽  
Laura Pastor ◽  
Santiago Marco
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hazardous Air Pollutants ◽  
Sampling System ◽  
Aerial Mapping ◽  
Sensor Signals ◽  
Current Monitoring ◽  
Flexible Tubes

Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are sources of greenhouse gases, hazardous air pollutants and offensive odors. These emissions can have negative repercussions in and around the plant, degrading the quality of life of surrounding neighborhoods, damaging the environment, and reducing employee’s overall job satisfaction. Current monitoring methodologies based on fixed gas detectors and sporadic olfactometric measurements (human panels) do not allow for an accurate spatial representation of such emissions. In this paper we use a small drone equipped with an array of electrochemical and metal oxide (MOX) sensors for mapping odorous gases in a mid-sized WWTP. An innovative sampling system based on two (10 m long) flexible tubes hanging from the drone allowed near-source sampling from a safe distance with negligible influence from the downwash of the drone’s propellers. The proposed platform is very convenient for monitoring hard-to-reach emission sources, such as the plant’s deodorization chimney, which turned out to be responsible for the strongest odor emissions. The geo-localized measurements visualized in the form of a two-dimensional (2D) gas concentration map revealed the main emission hotspots where abatement solutions were needed. A principal component analysis (PCA) of the multivariate sensor signals suggests that the proposed system can also be used to trace which emission source is responsible for a certain measurement.

New approach for data evaluation of industrial wastewater treatment plant: methodology and case study for a coke and steel-processing plant

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (11) ◽  
pp. 2897-2903
Author(s):  
Christian Drakides ◽  
Meiling Lay-Son
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Processing Plant ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Haldane Model ◽  
Steel Processing

Environmental monitoring of biological wastewater treatment plants (BWWTP) treating industrial effluents produces large amount of data. Frequent sampling is done in the influent and effluent but also in intermediate points. Samples are analyzed for classical and specific contaminants and physical-chemical parameters are monitored. In this paper data from a BWWTP treating the effluents of a coke and steel-processing factory are analyzed. Due to a complex situation, this BWWTP gave poor performances that did not match environmental regulations, meanwhile upgrading proved to be uneasy. Data analysis using principal component analyses (PCA) or kinetic modeling with a Haldane model was unsuccessful in handling these data, which was attributed to undetermined toxic effects. A new methodology is reported, that allowed to identify a kinetics for thiocyanate degradation and a relation between pH and toxic effects. This analysis of the plant data allowed to make hypothesis on the process control parameters and to recommend management modifications, allowing a further increase of the performances.

Model-based evaluation of nitrogen removal in a tannery wastewater treatment plant

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Moussa ◽  
A.R. Rojas ◽  
C.M. Hooijmans ◽  
H.J. Gijzen ◽  
M.C.M. van Loosdrecht
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Computer Modelling ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Biological Tests

Computer modelling has been used in the last 15 years as a powerful tool for understanding the behaviour of activated sludge wastewater treatment systems. However, computer models are mainly applied for domestic wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Application of these types of models to industrial wastewater treatment plants requires a different model structure and an accurate estimation of the kinetics and stoichiometry of the model parameters, which may be different from the ones used for domestic wastewater. Most of these parameters are strongly dependent on the wastewater composition. In this study a modified version of the activated sludge model No. 1 (ASM 1) was used to describe a tannery WWTP. Several biological tests and complementary physical-chemical analyses were performed to characterise the wastewater and sludge composition in the context of activated sludge modelling. The proposed model was calibrated under steady-state conditions and validated under dynamic flow conditions. The model was successfully used to obtain insight into the existing plant performance, possible extension and options for process optimisation. The model illustrated the potential capacity of the plant to achieve full denitrification and to handle a higher hydraulic load. Moreover, the use of a mathematical model as an effective tool in decision making was demonstrated.

Using metazoa to reduce sludge production

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Rensink ◽  
W. H. Rulkens
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Brewery Wastewater ◽  
Trickling Filters ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Nitrification Process ◽  
Sludge Production

Pilot plant experiments have been carried out to study the mineralization of sludge from biological wastewater treatment plants by worms such as Tubificidae. Trickling filters filled with lava slags were continuously fed with a certain quantity of excess activated sludge of a Dutch brewery wastewater treatment plant (Bavaria) by recirculation during 10 to 14 days. At the starting point of each experiment the trickling filters were inoculated with Tubificidae. Recirculation of sludge showed that use of Tubificidae resulted in a COD reduction of the sludge (mixed liquor) of 18–67–. Without worms this reduction was substantially lower. The sludge production in a pilot activated sludge system for treating settled domestic wastewater reduced from 0.40 to 0.15 g MLSS/g COD removed when Tubificidae were added to the system. The lower amounts of sludge were always accompanied by an increase of nitrate and phosphate concentration in the wastewater. There was no disturbance of the nitrification process. Application of Tubificidae or other worms may have interesting potential for practical application.

Study of the Factors Affecting Activated Sludge Settling in Domestic Wastewater Treatment Plants

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 273-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Echeverría ◽  
A. Seco ◽  
J. Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sulphide Concentration ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sludge Settling ◽  
Settling Characteristics

A study has been made of the influence of the process parameters on the settling characteristics of sludge in domestic wastewater treatment plants. The experiments were conducted at a pilot plant situated at the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Valencia, Spain (1,000,000 inhabitants). The influent to the pilot plant was the same as that of the plant. It was found that F/M ratios in the range of 0.25-0.60 g DBO5/g MLVSS day produce values of SVI representative of good settleability of the sludge. Values of sulphide concentration in the influent above 1.0 mg/l negatively affect the process, causing bulking and floating sludge. High values of fats were found to have no influence on the SVI, but did affect the performance of depuration. At low DO levels, the appearance of bulking with high SVI values was observed. Throughout the experiments, the permanence of nutrients (basically N and P) above that required for the growth of the microorganisms was proved.

One-year operation of single household membrane bioreactor plant

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Matulova ◽  
P. Hlavinek ◽  
M. Drtil
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
One Year ◽  
Flexible Operation

This paper evaluates the results from a 12-month study of a single-household wastewater treatment plant with submerged membrane module (household MBR plant) that was monitored from winter to winter season. The samples were collected at least twice a week (an intensive research study at real conditions). The household MBR (membrane bioreactor) plant was linked to a family house with 4 residents. In this study the treatment plant was fed by real domestic wastewater. In contrast to most other experiments with small-scale WWTPs (wastewater treatment plants) carried out in laboratories and facilities of large municipal WWTPs (polygons) which guarantee stable and flexible operation but the characteristics of wastewater and activated sludge in these studies usually differ from those that occur in real small-scale/single-household WWTPs. One of the main goals of this research was to test the response of membrane and activated sludge to different conditions during real operation of the household MBR plant, such as a long period of zero influent/load, or vice versa the presence of a large amount of concentrated wastewater (e.g. during the weekend), very low winter temperatures (water temperature below 5–6°C), high pH values, and the presence of domestic detergents.

scholarly journals MEJORAMIENTO DE LA CALIDAD MICROBIOLÓGICA DE BIOSÓLIDOS GENERADOS EN PLANTAS DE TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS RESIDUALES DOMÉSTICAS (MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY IMPROVEMENT OF BIOSOLIDS FROM DOMESTIC WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS)

Revista EIA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Patricia Torres ◽  
Carlos Madera ◽  
Jorge Silva
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Domestic Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Class B

Uno de los principales problemas de calidad que presentan los biosólidos de plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales domésticas –PTAR– es el contenido de microorganismos patógenos que los clasifica en muchos casos como Clase B con restricción para uso agrícola. Este estudio evaluó la estabilización alcalina de los biosólidos de la PTAR Cañaveralejo (Cali, Colombia) para mejorar su calidad microbiológica, empleando dos tipos de cal (hidratada y viva) en dosis entre 8 y 25 % y dos tipos de ceniza con dosis entre 8 y 40 % en unidades experimentales de 0,2 m2 con un tiempo de contacto de 13 días. Los resultados mostraron que con cal se logró reducción total de las variables de respuesta evaluadas (coliformes fecales, Salmonella sp y huevos de helmintos), mientras que el poder alcalinizante de las cenizas evaluadas fue insuficiente. El biosólido higienizado con cal presenta alto potencial de uso agrícola por su calidad microbiológica y por el contenido final de materia orgánica y nutrientes (N, P) que pueden beneficiar los suelos, pero es recomendable evaluar la optimización a escala piloto de la dosificación de cal y la aplicación del biosólido en diferentes tipos de suelos y cultivos para precisar los beneficios o medidas preventivas antes de la aplicación.Abstract: One of the main quality problems of biosolids from domestic wastewater treatment plants –WWTP– is the high concentration of pathogens, often classified as a class B, with restriction for use in agriculture. This study evaluated the alkali stabilization of biosolids from Cañaveralejo wastewater treatment plant (PTAR-C), located in Cali, Colombia, in order to improve their microbiological quality using two types of lime (quick and hydrated) with doses between 8 to 25 % and two types of ash with 8 to 40 % as doses, in experimental units 0,2 m2with 13 days of contact time. The results showed that both type of lime reached the total reduction of evaluated monitoring variables (faecal coliforms, Salmonella sp, helmints eggs) while the alkali power of ashes were lower. The obtained biosolids treated with lime have a high potential use in agriculture purposes for the good microbiological quality, and for the organic matter and nutrient content (N, P) that can generate benefit to the soil, but it is recommendable to evaluate at pilot scale the lime doses and application of biosolid in different soils types and crops in order to precise the benefits or prevent measurements before application of material in soil.

scholarly journals Determination on inhibition effects of coagulants used in wastewater treatment plants on anaerobic digester

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 1877-1884
Author(s):  
Güler Türkoğlu Demirkol ◽  
Gökhan Balcıoğlu ◽  
Nurtaç Öz ◽  
Moiz Elnekave ◽  
Bülent Armağan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Solids Removal

Abstract Domestic wastewaters causing pollution contain inorganic and/or organic materials. When the domestic wastewater outflows to the receiving waters, it causes physical, chemical, and biological pollution in them, and deteriorates the ecological balance of those waters. In the treatment of wastewater, various treatment methods are available depending on the pollution strength of the wastewater. Besides mechanical and biological methods, wastewater treatment with physicochemical methods is still one of the most effective and economical options. Particularly in wastewater with a high concentration of suspended solids, this method is very successful, and obtaining high suspended solids removal efficiencies is very possible. In this study, the effects of the use of coagulant and coagulant aid to be used in a treatment plant where domestic wastewater treatment is carried out are determined to increase the treatment efficiency of a biological treatment that comes later in the stages of the treatment. The effluent of the pre-settling tank may contain a lot of suspended solids. This presence of excess suspended solids decreases the efficiency at other levels of treatment and causes energy loss. In the experiments, the standard jar and inhibition tests are done as a method. As a result of the conducted studies, it is determined that the FeCl3, Synthetic coagulant LP 526, FeClSO4, and the combination of anionic polyelectrolyte yield the best results in the removal of the parameters of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), and volatile suspended solids (VSS). While FeCl3, APE 65, APE 85, Synthetic coagulant LP 526, and FeClSO4 did not show any inhibition effect in the sludge, APE 67, CPE 84, and (Al2(SO4)3 are found to cause inhibition in the sludge.

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